Pediatric Exam 4 Review Questions and Answers
(Chapter 37, 38, 42 – Ricci)
Chapter 37 - -
-A 3-year-old boy has been on chemotherapy for cancer. He complains about a sore throat,
is experiencing malaise, and has a temperature of 99.8∞F orally. His mother calls the
child's physician. What is the appropriate information for the nurse to tell his mother at
this time?
A) Continue to watch the child, giving him aspirin and cool fluids for the fever.
B) Plan to bring the child into the physician's office today.
C) Monitor the temperature, but not to worry unless it gets above 104∞F.
D) Keep the child warm and as comfortable as possible. - -B) Plan to bring the child into the
physician's office today.
-A nurse is conducting a health history for a 1-month-old with an infectious disorder.
Which segment of the health history would be most helpful for the nurse when determining
if the infant developed the infection from the mother?
A) Family history
B) Past medical history
C) Home treatments
D) Present illness history - -B) Past medical history
-While reviewing various studies about the use of antipyretics possibly prolonging illness,
the nurse notes that there are benefits to their use for the child with fever. Which of the
following would the nurse identify as the best explanation related to the benefit of
antipyretics?
A) They slow the growth of bacteria.
B) They increase neutrophil production.
C) They encourage T-cell proliferation.
D) They help decrease fluid requirements. - -D) They help decrease fluid requirements.
-The nurse is caring for a neonate who is suspected of having sepsis. Which of the
following assessment findings would the nurse interpret as most indicative of sepsis?
A) Rash on face
B) Edematous neck
C) Hypothermia
D) Coughing - -C) Hypothermia
-The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a 5-year-old boy with chickenpox. Which of the
following nursing interventions should be questioned?
A) Administer antipyretics as ordered.
B) Keep the child's fingernails short.
C) Monitor fluid intake and output.
,D) Provide alcohol baths as needed. - -C) Monitor fluid intake and output.
-The nurse is developing a teaching plan for the mother of a 4-year-old girl with cold and
fever. Which of the following would the nurse include in this teaching plan?
A) Keeping the child covered and warm
B) Calling the doctor if the child's fever lasts more than 36 hours
C) Ensuring fluid intake to prevent dehydration
D) Observing for changes in alertness resulting from brain damage - -C) Ensuring fluid
intake to prevent dehydration
-After teaching a mother how to remove a tick from her 6-year-old boy's arm, the nurse
determines that additional teaching is needed when the mother states which of the
following?
A) ìI'll protect my fingers with a paper towel.î
B) ìI'll grasp the tick and pull it away quickly.î
C) ìI should put the tick in a plastic bag in the freezer.î
D) ìI need to grasp the tick close to the child's skin.î - -B) I'll grasp the tick and pull it away
quickly.
-The nurse is performing a physical examination of an 8-year-old girl who was bitten by
her kitten. Which of the following assessments would lead the nurse to suspect cat-scratch
disease?
A) Swollen lymph nodes
B) Strawberry tongue
C) Infected tonsils
D) Swollen neck - -A) Swollen lymph nodes
-A group of nursing students are reviewing the six links in the chain of infection and the
nursing implications for each. The students demonstrate understanding of the information
when they identify which precaution as helping to break the chain of infection to the
susceptible host?
A) Keeping linens dry and clean
B) Maintaining skin integrity
C) Washing hands frequently
D) Coughing into a handkerchief - -B) Maintaining skin integrity
-The nurse is performing a physical examination on a 9-year-old boy who has experienced
a tick bite on his lower leg and is suspected of having Lyme disease. Which assessment
finding would the nurse expect to find?
A) Swelling in the neck
B) Confusion and anxiety
C) Ring-like rash on lower leg
D) Hypersalivation - -C) Ring-like rash on lower leg
-The nurse determines that it is necessary to implement airborne precautions for children
with which of the following infections?
, A) Measles
B) Streptococcus group A
C) Rubella
D) Scarlet fever - -A) Measles
-A child is diagnosed with scarlet fever. The nurse is reviewing the child's medical record,
expecting which medication to be prescribed for this child?
A) Ibuprofen
B) Acyclovir
C) Penicillin V
D) Doxycycline - -C) Penicillin V
-A mother brings her 8-year-old son for evaluation because of a rash on his lower leg.
Which finding would support the suspicion that the child has Lyme disease?
A) Playing in the woods about a week ago
B) Rash is papular and vesicular
C) High fever occurring about 4 days before the rash
D) Complaints of extreme pruritus with visible nits - -A) Playing in the woods about a week
ago
-Which of the following would be most important to include in the teaching plan for
parents of a child with pinworm?
A) ìSeal the child's clothing in a plastic bag for at least 10 days.î
B) ìBe sure your child wears shoes at all times.î
C) ìMake sure the child washes his hands after using the bathroom.î
D) ìAfter applying this special cream, leave it on for about 8 to 10 hours.î - -C) ìMake sure
the child washes his hands after using the bathroom.î
-After teaching the parents of a child with varicella zoster, the nurse determines that the
parents have understood the teaching when they state that their child can return to school
at which time?
A) After day 5 of the rash
B) When the rash is completely healed
C) Once the rash appears
D) After the lesions have crusted - -D) After the lesions have crusted
-After teaching a class on the role of white blood cells in infection, the instructor
determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies which type of white
blood cells as important in combating bacterial infections?
A) Neutrophils
B) Eosinophils
C) Basophils
D) Lymphocytes - -A) Neutrophils
(Chapter 37, 38, 42 – Ricci)
Chapter 37 - -
-A 3-year-old boy has been on chemotherapy for cancer. He complains about a sore throat,
is experiencing malaise, and has a temperature of 99.8∞F orally. His mother calls the
child's physician. What is the appropriate information for the nurse to tell his mother at
this time?
A) Continue to watch the child, giving him aspirin and cool fluids for the fever.
B) Plan to bring the child into the physician's office today.
C) Monitor the temperature, but not to worry unless it gets above 104∞F.
D) Keep the child warm and as comfortable as possible. - -B) Plan to bring the child into the
physician's office today.
-A nurse is conducting a health history for a 1-month-old with an infectious disorder.
Which segment of the health history would be most helpful for the nurse when determining
if the infant developed the infection from the mother?
A) Family history
B) Past medical history
C) Home treatments
D) Present illness history - -B) Past medical history
-While reviewing various studies about the use of antipyretics possibly prolonging illness,
the nurse notes that there are benefits to their use for the child with fever. Which of the
following would the nurse identify as the best explanation related to the benefit of
antipyretics?
A) They slow the growth of bacteria.
B) They increase neutrophil production.
C) They encourage T-cell proliferation.
D) They help decrease fluid requirements. - -D) They help decrease fluid requirements.
-The nurse is caring for a neonate who is suspected of having sepsis. Which of the
following assessment findings would the nurse interpret as most indicative of sepsis?
A) Rash on face
B) Edematous neck
C) Hypothermia
D) Coughing - -C) Hypothermia
-The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a 5-year-old boy with chickenpox. Which of the
following nursing interventions should be questioned?
A) Administer antipyretics as ordered.
B) Keep the child's fingernails short.
C) Monitor fluid intake and output.
,D) Provide alcohol baths as needed. - -C) Monitor fluid intake and output.
-The nurse is developing a teaching plan for the mother of a 4-year-old girl with cold and
fever. Which of the following would the nurse include in this teaching plan?
A) Keeping the child covered and warm
B) Calling the doctor if the child's fever lasts more than 36 hours
C) Ensuring fluid intake to prevent dehydration
D) Observing for changes in alertness resulting from brain damage - -C) Ensuring fluid
intake to prevent dehydration
-After teaching a mother how to remove a tick from her 6-year-old boy's arm, the nurse
determines that additional teaching is needed when the mother states which of the
following?
A) ìI'll protect my fingers with a paper towel.î
B) ìI'll grasp the tick and pull it away quickly.î
C) ìI should put the tick in a plastic bag in the freezer.î
D) ìI need to grasp the tick close to the child's skin.î - -B) I'll grasp the tick and pull it away
quickly.
-The nurse is performing a physical examination of an 8-year-old girl who was bitten by
her kitten. Which of the following assessments would lead the nurse to suspect cat-scratch
disease?
A) Swollen lymph nodes
B) Strawberry tongue
C) Infected tonsils
D) Swollen neck - -A) Swollen lymph nodes
-A group of nursing students are reviewing the six links in the chain of infection and the
nursing implications for each. The students demonstrate understanding of the information
when they identify which precaution as helping to break the chain of infection to the
susceptible host?
A) Keeping linens dry and clean
B) Maintaining skin integrity
C) Washing hands frequently
D) Coughing into a handkerchief - -B) Maintaining skin integrity
-The nurse is performing a physical examination on a 9-year-old boy who has experienced
a tick bite on his lower leg and is suspected of having Lyme disease. Which assessment
finding would the nurse expect to find?
A) Swelling in the neck
B) Confusion and anxiety
C) Ring-like rash on lower leg
D) Hypersalivation - -C) Ring-like rash on lower leg
-The nurse determines that it is necessary to implement airborne precautions for children
with which of the following infections?
, A) Measles
B) Streptococcus group A
C) Rubella
D) Scarlet fever - -A) Measles
-A child is diagnosed with scarlet fever. The nurse is reviewing the child's medical record,
expecting which medication to be prescribed for this child?
A) Ibuprofen
B) Acyclovir
C) Penicillin V
D) Doxycycline - -C) Penicillin V
-A mother brings her 8-year-old son for evaluation because of a rash on his lower leg.
Which finding would support the suspicion that the child has Lyme disease?
A) Playing in the woods about a week ago
B) Rash is papular and vesicular
C) High fever occurring about 4 days before the rash
D) Complaints of extreme pruritus with visible nits - -A) Playing in the woods about a week
ago
-Which of the following would be most important to include in the teaching plan for
parents of a child with pinworm?
A) ìSeal the child's clothing in a plastic bag for at least 10 days.î
B) ìBe sure your child wears shoes at all times.î
C) ìMake sure the child washes his hands after using the bathroom.î
D) ìAfter applying this special cream, leave it on for about 8 to 10 hours.î - -C) ìMake sure
the child washes his hands after using the bathroom.î
-After teaching the parents of a child with varicella zoster, the nurse determines that the
parents have understood the teaching when they state that their child can return to school
at which time?
A) After day 5 of the rash
B) When the rash is completely healed
C) Once the rash appears
D) After the lesions have crusted - -D) After the lesions have crusted
-After teaching a class on the role of white blood cells in infection, the instructor
determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies which type of white
blood cells as important in combating bacterial infections?
A) Neutrophils
B) Eosinophils
C) Basophils
D) Lymphocytes - -A) Neutrophils
