PEDS TEST BANK EXAM |160 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
An otherwise healthy 18-month-old child with a history of febrile seizures is in the well-
child clinic. Which statement by the father would indicate to the nurse that additional
teaching should be done?
A. "I have ibuprofen available in case it's needed."
B. "My child will likely outgrow these seizures by age 5."
C. "I always keep phenobarbital with me in case of a fever."
D. "The most likely time for a seizure is when the fever is rising." - -C
-A 6-month-old infant is admitted with a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. The nurse
would place the infant in which room?
A. A room with a 12-month-old infant with a urinary tract infection
B. A room with an 8-month-old infant with failure to thrive
C. A private room near the nurses' station
D. A two-bed room in the middle of the hall - -C
-The parents of a child with a history of seizures who has been taking phenytoin (Dilantin)
ask the nurse why it's difficult to maintain therapeutic plasma levels of this medication.
Which statement by the nurse would be most accurate?
A. "A drop in the plasma drug level will lead to a toxic state."
B. "The capacity to metabolize the drug becomes overwhelmed over time."
C. "Small increments in dosage lead to sharp increases in plasma drug levels."
D. "Large increments in dosage lead to a more rapid stabilizing therapeutic effect." - -C
-A panicked mother calls the health care provider's office and reports that her 5-year-old
has a high fever and just had a seizure. The mother asks the nurse what she should do.
Which is the nurse's best response?
A. Report to the emergency room for medical evaluation
B. Immerse the child in a bathtub of tepid water
,C. Administer oral acetaminophen per package directions
D. Remove any heavy clothing and cover with a thin sheet - -A
-The nurse is assessing a 7-year-old with a hearing aid. His mother says he is losing his
hearing again. Which finding would the nurse identify as contributing to this current
complaint?
A. Overproduction of cerumen
B. Soreness of the outer ear
C. History of a normal term birth
D. The eardrum responds to a puff of air - -A
-The nurse is taking a health history for a 9-year-old with conjunctivitis. Which statement
by the parents leads the nurse to suspect that the child is experiencing allergic
conjunctivitis?
A. "He recently helped clean the basement.
B. "He was exposed to several family members with an infection.
C. He just recovered from an upper respiratory infection.
D. We have a family history of conjunctivitis. - -A
-The mother of a 12-year-old with Reye syndrome approaches the nurse wanting to know
how this happened to her child, saying, "I never give my kids aspirin!" Which response by
the nurse would be most appropriate?
A. "Sometimes it's hard to tell if a product contains aspirin."
B. "Do you think that maybe your child took aspirin on his own?"
C. "Don't worry; you're in good hands. We have it under control now."
D. "Aspirin in combination with the virus will make the brain swell and the liver fail." - -A
-The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old girl who has just undergone a ventriculostomy. Which
of the following would the nurse include in this child's plan of care to manage increased
intracranial pressure (ICP)?
A. Use pillows to support the child when lying on her side
,B. Support the parents in starting a ketogenic diet
C. Pad the side rails on the bed
D. Teach her to do deep breathing techniques - -A
-A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old girl with microcephaly. Which of the following actions is
appropriate for the nurse to take?
A. Playfully ask the child to touch her nose
B. Teach the parents about ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts
C. Prepare the child for the experience of cranial surgery
D. Administer antipyretics as ordered - -A
-The nurse caring for a neonate experiencing seizures asks the charge nurse: "How can I
tell if a baby is having a seizure or is just crying for attention?" Which response would be
most appropriate? Select all that apply.
A. "You will not be able to stop a seizure with gentle restraint."
B. "The baby experiencing a seizure will be tachycardic."
C. "Stimulating the baby by singing to him will not stop a seizure."
D. "There will be no changes in the baby's vital signs with a seizure"
E. "The baby will become more active with sensory stimulation with a seizure." - -A, B, C
-An 18-month-old child is admitted with signs of increased intracranial pressure. What
should the nurse observe when assessing this patient?
A. Numbness of fingers and decreased temperature
B. Increased pulse rate and decreased blood pressure
C. Increased temperature and decreased respiratory rate
D. Decreased level of consciousness and increased respiratory rate - -C
-An 8-year-old child is being treated for tonic-clonic seizures. What should the nurse
emphasize when teaching the parents about this disorder?
A. The child should maintain an active lifestyle.
, B. Immediately provide medication if a seizure begins.
C. Have the child carry a padded tongue blade with her at all times.
D. Ensure quiet time late in the day, when seizure activity is most likely to occur. - -A
-The nurse instructs a hearing-impaired school-age child on to how self-inject a prescribed
medication. Which observation indicates to the nurse that additional teaching is required?
A. The child pinches the skin together before inserting the needle.
B. The child injects the appropriate amount of air into the vial before withdrawing
medication.
C. The child places the filled syringe and uncapped needle on the bed to open the alcohol
wipe.
D. The child slowly pushes on the plunger to inject the medication before withdrawing the
needle. - -C
-The nurse is caring for a child recovering from surgery to correct strabismus. Which
interventions should the nurse include when planning this child's care? Select all that
apply.
A. Apply an eye patch.
B. Maintain on bed rest for 3 days.
C. Support for nausea and vomiting.
D. Provide pain medication as prescribed.
E. Apply antibiotic ointment as prescribed. - -C, D, E
-The nurse is providing education to the parents of a female with hydrocephalus who has
just had a shunt inserted. When discussing the child's condition with the parents, which of
the following would be most appropriate?
A. "Tell me your concerns about your child's shunt."
B. "Be sure to call the doctor if she gets a persistent headache."
C. "Her autoregulation mechanism to absorb spinal fluid has failed."
D. "Always keep her head raised 30 degrees." - -A
An otherwise healthy 18-month-old child with a history of febrile seizures is in the well-
child clinic. Which statement by the father would indicate to the nurse that additional
teaching should be done?
A. "I have ibuprofen available in case it's needed."
B. "My child will likely outgrow these seizures by age 5."
C. "I always keep phenobarbital with me in case of a fever."
D. "The most likely time for a seizure is when the fever is rising." - -C
-A 6-month-old infant is admitted with a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. The nurse
would place the infant in which room?
A. A room with a 12-month-old infant with a urinary tract infection
B. A room with an 8-month-old infant with failure to thrive
C. A private room near the nurses' station
D. A two-bed room in the middle of the hall - -C
-The parents of a child with a history of seizures who has been taking phenytoin (Dilantin)
ask the nurse why it's difficult to maintain therapeutic plasma levels of this medication.
Which statement by the nurse would be most accurate?
A. "A drop in the plasma drug level will lead to a toxic state."
B. "The capacity to metabolize the drug becomes overwhelmed over time."
C. "Small increments in dosage lead to sharp increases in plasma drug levels."
D. "Large increments in dosage lead to a more rapid stabilizing therapeutic effect." - -C
-A panicked mother calls the health care provider's office and reports that her 5-year-old
has a high fever and just had a seizure. The mother asks the nurse what she should do.
Which is the nurse's best response?
A. Report to the emergency room for medical evaluation
B. Immerse the child in a bathtub of tepid water
,C. Administer oral acetaminophen per package directions
D. Remove any heavy clothing and cover with a thin sheet - -A
-The nurse is assessing a 7-year-old with a hearing aid. His mother says he is losing his
hearing again. Which finding would the nurse identify as contributing to this current
complaint?
A. Overproduction of cerumen
B. Soreness of the outer ear
C. History of a normal term birth
D. The eardrum responds to a puff of air - -A
-The nurse is taking a health history for a 9-year-old with conjunctivitis. Which statement
by the parents leads the nurse to suspect that the child is experiencing allergic
conjunctivitis?
A. "He recently helped clean the basement.
B. "He was exposed to several family members with an infection.
C. He just recovered from an upper respiratory infection.
D. We have a family history of conjunctivitis. - -A
-The mother of a 12-year-old with Reye syndrome approaches the nurse wanting to know
how this happened to her child, saying, "I never give my kids aspirin!" Which response by
the nurse would be most appropriate?
A. "Sometimes it's hard to tell if a product contains aspirin."
B. "Do you think that maybe your child took aspirin on his own?"
C. "Don't worry; you're in good hands. We have it under control now."
D. "Aspirin in combination with the virus will make the brain swell and the liver fail." - -A
-The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old girl who has just undergone a ventriculostomy. Which
of the following would the nurse include in this child's plan of care to manage increased
intracranial pressure (ICP)?
A. Use pillows to support the child when lying on her side
,B. Support the parents in starting a ketogenic diet
C. Pad the side rails on the bed
D. Teach her to do deep breathing techniques - -A
-A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old girl with microcephaly. Which of the following actions is
appropriate for the nurse to take?
A. Playfully ask the child to touch her nose
B. Teach the parents about ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts
C. Prepare the child for the experience of cranial surgery
D. Administer antipyretics as ordered - -A
-The nurse caring for a neonate experiencing seizures asks the charge nurse: "How can I
tell if a baby is having a seizure or is just crying for attention?" Which response would be
most appropriate? Select all that apply.
A. "You will not be able to stop a seizure with gentle restraint."
B. "The baby experiencing a seizure will be tachycardic."
C. "Stimulating the baby by singing to him will not stop a seizure."
D. "There will be no changes in the baby's vital signs with a seizure"
E. "The baby will become more active with sensory stimulation with a seizure." - -A, B, C
-An 18-month-old child is admitted with signs of increased intracranial pressure. What
should the nurse observe when assessing this patient?
A. Numbness of fingers and decreased temperature
B. Increased pulse rate and decreased blood pressure
C. Increased temperature and decreased respiratory rate
D. Decreased level of consciousness and increased respiratory rate - -C
-An 8-year-old child is being treated for tonic-clonic seizures. What should the nurse
emphasize when teaching the parents about this disorder?
A. The child should maintain an active lifestyle.
, B. Immediately provide medication if a seizure begins.
C. Have the child carry a padded tongue blade with her at all times.
D. Ensure quiet time late in the day, when seizure activity is most likely to occur. - -A
-The nurse instructs a hearing-impaired school-age child on to how self-inject a prescribed
medication. Which observation indicates to the nurse that additional teaching is required?
A. The child pinches the skin together before inserting the needle.
B. The child injects the appropriate amount of air into the vial before withdrawing
medication.
C. The child places the filled syringe and uncapped needle on the bed to open the alcohol
wipe.
D. The child slowly pushes on the plunger to inject the medication before withdrawing the
needle. - -C
-The nurse is caring for a child recovering from surgery to correct strabismus. Which
interventions should the nurse include when planning this child's care? Select all that
apply.
A. Apply an eye patch.
B. Maintain on bed rest for 3 days.
C. Support for nausea and vomiting.
D. Provide pain medication as prescribed.
E. Apply antibiotic ointment as prescribed. - -C, D, E
-The nurse is providing education to the parents of a female with hydrocephalus who has
just had a shunt inserted. When discussing the child's condition with the parents, which of
the following would be most appropriate?
A. "Tell me your concerns about your child's shunt."
B. "Be sure to call the doctor if she gets a persistent headache."
C. "Her autoregulation mechanism to absorb spinal fluid has failed."
D. "Always keep her head raised 30 degrees." - -A
