Bio 168 Final Exam Study Guide |244 Questions
with Answers
True or False: The structure of the body is not related to function at all. - -False
-The ______ level of organization consists of groups of similar cells that have a common
function. - -Tissue
-______ includes all chemical reactions occurring within the cells of the body. - -Metabolism
-Normal body temperature must be maintained for survival for what reason? - -To provide
the optimal temperature for chemical reactions to occur
-Water is necessary for life for what reason? - -All chemical reactions that occur in the
body take place in water.
-______ is the body's ability to maintain a relatively stable internal condition even though
the external environment changes continuously. - -Homeostasis
-In a ______ feedback mechanism, the output of the system shuts off the original stimulus or
reduces its intensity, which causes the variable to change in a direction opposite of that of
the initial change. - -Negative
-______ feedback mechanisms are uncommon in the body, because they provide the
opportunity for the loss of homeostasis. - -Positive
-A ______ plane divides the body into equal right and left halves. - -Midsagittal
-The ______ contains the pericardial cavity and the pleural cavities. - -Thoracic cavity
-A ______ serosa lines the walls of a body cavity, while a ______ serosa covers organs. - -
Parietal; visceral
-True or False: Using the nine regions as descriptors give a better - -True
-______ tissue covers a body surface or lines a body cavity. - -Epithelial
-All of the below are functions of epithelial tissue except:
absorption, filtration, protection, movement - -Movement
-What are characteristics of epithelial tissue? - -Having a free surface, cells divide rapidly,
and avascular and supported by connective tissue
,-______ epithelia are found where filtration or substance exchange by rapid diffusion is
necessary. - -Simple squamous
-______ epithelia are found in areas subject to wear and tear. - -Stratified squamous
-______ epithelia are found lining the digestive tract and are associated with absorption and
secretion. - -Simple columnar
-______ glands secrete products by exocytosis as they are accumulated in the cell through a
duct onto the surface of epithelial tissue. - -Merocrine
-Some glands produce ______. - -Watery lubricating fluid
-______ are commonly found wedged between simple columnar epithelial cells. - -Goblet
cells
-What statement best describes connective tissue? - -Contains cells, fibers, and a large
amount of matrix
-Matrix is ______. - -Fibers and ground substance
-The fiber type that gives connective tissue great tensile strength is ______. - -Collagen
-The fiber type that gives connective tissue elasticity is ______. - -Elastic
-The cell type indicative of areolar connective tissue is the ______. - -Fibroblast/fibrocyte
-______ connective tissue is the most widely distributed in the body and functions to
support and bind other tissues, hold bodily fluids, defend against infection, and stores
nutrients. - -Areolar
-The primary functions of ______ tissue are to store nutrients as fat, insulate the body, and
serve as a shock absorber. - -Adipose
-The most abundant cartilage in the body is ______. - -Hyaline
-The shape of the external ear is maintained by ______ cartilage. - -Elastic
-An epithelial membrane ______. - -Consists of epithelial tissue bound to underlying
connective tissue, covers body surfaces and lines body cavities, and is a continuous,
multicellular sheet
-______ membranes line body cavities that open to the external environment. - -Mucous
-The integumentary system consists of ______. - -Skin, hair, nails, and various glands
, -The functions of the integumentary system include: - -Protection, regulation of body
temperature, sensory reception, excretion, metabolic functions, and service as a blood
reservoir
-The ______ is not a true part of the skin but shares some of its protective functions and
anchors it to underlying tissues. - -Subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)
-The hypodermis is made up of mostly ______ tissue. - -Areolar and adipose
-Keratin is ______. - -A fibrous protein that gives the skin its protective function
-______ are epithelial cells that produce melanin. - -Melanocytes
-True or False: It takes about 2 weeks for epidermal cells to migrate from the basal layer to
the surface layer. - -True
-The ______ is the layer of the epidermis where stem cells are found. - -Stratum basale
-Melanocytes are found in the ______. - -Stratum basale
-True or False: The epidermis is very well vascularized. - -False
-The dermis is made up of mostly ______ tissue. - -Connective
-The main function of the dermal papillae of the dermis is: - -To provide nourishment for
the epidermis and provide touch receptors for the skin.
-Skin color is determined by the interaction of: - -Melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin
-The accessory structures of the skin (hair, nails, and glands) are all derivatives of the
______. - -Epidermis
-Sweat consists of: - -Mostly water with salts, antibodies, and metabolic wastes
-The major role of the eccrine sweat glands is to ______. - -Reduce body temperature
-The secretion of the ______ sweat glands is odorous; this is due to the presence of ______ that
are broken down by bacteria present on the skin. - -Apocrine; fatty substances
-Sebum functions to: - -Both soften and lubricate hair and skin and inhibit the growth of
some bacteria
-Hair follicles arise in the ______, but extend down into the ______. - -Epidermis; dermis
-______ contract to pull hairs upright (cause "goosebumps") - -Arrector pilli
with Answers
True or False: The structure of the body is not related to function at all. - -False
-The ______ level of organization consists of groups of similar cells that have a common
function. - -Tissue
-______ includes all chemical reactions occurring within the cells of the body. - -Metabolism
-Normal body temperature must be maintained for survival for what reason? - -To provide
the optimal temperature for chemical reactions to occur
-Water is necessary for life for what reason? - -All chemical reactions that occur in the
body take place in water.
-______ is the body's ability to maintain a relatively stable internal condition even though
the external environment changes continuously. - -Homeostasis
-In a ______ feedback mechanism, the output of the system shuts off the original stimulus or
reduces its intensity, which causes the variable to change in a direction opposite of that of
the initial change. - -Negative
-______ feedback mechanisms are uncommon in the body, because they provide the
opportunity for the loss of homeostasis. - -Positive
-A ______ plane divides the body into equal right and left halves. - -Midsagittal
-The ______ contains the pericardial cavity and the pleural cavities. - -Thoracic cavity
-A ______ serosa lines the walls of a body cavity, while a ______ serosa covers organs. - -
Parietal; visceral
-True or False: Using the nine regions as descriptors give a better - -True
-______ tissue covers a body surface or lines a body cavity. - -Epithelial
-All of the below are functions of epithelial tissue except:
absorption, filtration, protection, movement - -Movement
-What are characteristics of epithelial tissue? - -Having a free surface, cells divide rapidly,
and avascular and supported by connective tissue
,-______ epithelia are found where filtration or substance exchange by rapid diffusion is
necessary. - -Simple squamous
-______ epithelia are found in areas subject to wear and tear. - -Stratified squamous
-______ epithelia are found lining the digestive tract and are associated with absorption and
secretion. - -Simple columnar
-______ glands secrete products by exocytosis as they are accumulated in the cell through a
duct onto the surface of epithelial tissue. - -Merocrine
-Some glands produce ______. - -Watery lubricating fluid
-______ are commonly found wedged between simple columnar epithelial cells. - -Goblet
cells
-What statement best describes connective tissue? - -Contains cells, fibers, and a large
amount of matrix
-Matrix is ______. - -Fibers and ground substance
-The fiber type that gives connective tissue great tensile strength is ______. - -Collagen
-The fiber type that gives connective tissue elasticity is ______. - -Elastic
-The cell type indicative of areolar connective tissue is the ______. - -Fibroblast/fibrocyte
-______ connective tissue is the most widely distributed in the body and functions to
support and bind other tissues, hold bodily fluids, defend against infection, and stores
nutrients. - -Areolar
-The primary functions of ______ tissue are to store nutrients as fat, insulate the body, and
serve as a shock absorber. - -Adipose
-The most abundant cartilage in the body is ______. - -Hyaline
-The shape of the external ear is maintained by ______ cartilage. - -Elastic
-An epithelial membrane ______. - -Consists of epithelial tissue bound to underlying
connective tissue, covers body surfaces and lines body cavities, and is a continuous,
multicellular sheet
-______ membranes line body cavities that open to the external environment. - -Mucous
-The integumentary system consists of ______. - -Skin, hair, nails, and various glands
, -The functions of the integumentary system include: - -Protection, regulation of body
temperature, sensory reception, excretion, metabolic functions, and service as a blood
reservoir
-The ______ is not a true part of the skin but shares some of its protective functions and
anchors it to underlying tissues. - -Subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)
-The hypodermis is made up of mostly ______ tissue. - -Areolar and adipose
-Keratin is ______. - -A fibrous protein that gives the skin its protective function
-______ are epithelial cells that produce melanin. - -Melanocytes
-True or False: It takes about 2 weeks for epidermal cells to migrate from the basal layer to
the surface layer. - -True
-The ______ is the layer of the epidermis where stem cells are found. - -Stratum basale
-Melanocytes are found in the ______. - -Stratum basale
-True or False: The epidermis is very well vascularized. - -False
-The dermis is made up of mostly ______ tissue. - -Connective
-The main function of the dermal papillae of the dermis is: - -To provide nourishment for
the epidermis and provide touch receptors for the skin.
-Skin color is determined by the interaction of: - -Melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin
-The accessory structures of the skin (hair, nails, and glands) are all derivatives of the
______. - -Epidermis
-Sweat consists of: - -Mostly water with salts, antibodies, and metabolic wastes
-The major role of the eccrine sweat glands is to ______. - -Reduce body temperature
-The secretion of the ______ sweat glands is odorous; this is due to the presence of ______ that
are broken down by bacteria present on the skin. - -Apocrine; fatty substances
-Sebum functions to: - -Both soften and lubricate hair and skin and inhibit the growth of
some bacteria
-Hair follicles arise in the ______, but extend down into the ______. - -Epidermis; dermis
-______ contract to pull hairs upright (cause "goosebumps") - -Arrector pilli
