Summary Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Summary of the
Pathophysiology of Diabetic
Ketoacidosis :
Diabetic ketoacidosis (CAD) is a serious complication of diabetes, primarily type 1 diabetes,
but it can also occur in some cases of type 2 diabetes. It is a medical emergency that
requires prompt treatment.


1. Mechanism of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (Physiopathology )
CAD results from a metabolic imbalance caused by insulin deficiency and an increase in
counter-regulatory hormones (glucagon, catecholamines, cortisol, and growth hormone).



Diabetic Ketoacidosis



insuline
glucagon,
catécholamines, cortisol
et hormone de
croissance

, 1) Carbohydrate metabolism abnormality


insulin deficiency increase in counter-regulating hormones




non-use of glucose by peripheral tissues activation of gluconeogenesis




hyperglycemia




glycosuria




osmotic diuresis




dehydration




functional renal failure




decreased glomerular filtration




2)Abnormality of water and electrolyte metabolism



hyperglycemia ketonemia



osmotic diuresis




leak

hypovolemia passage from the intracellular to the
extracellular sector




secondary hyperaldosteronism normal blood potassium!