NCM 119 NURSING LEADERSHIP &
MANAGEMENT (LEC) EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Trait Theory - ANSWER-- Focused on "what" effective leader is not on "how"
- A leadership theory that holds that effective leaders possess a similar set of traits
or characteristics
Great Man Theory/Genetic Theory - ANSWER-- Some people are born to lead and
others are born to be led
- was used because, at the time, leadership was thought of primarily as a male
quality, especially in terms of military leadership.
Charismatic Leadership Theory - ANSWER-- a divinely conferred power or talent
- It involves a type of organization or a type of leadership in which authority derives
from the charisma of the leader.
- trait-based leadership theory where leaders act as visionary driven by their
convictions and motivate their followers to work.
- portray "supernatural" abilities
Situational Leadership Theory - ANSWER-It is the adjustment of leadership style to
specific situations to reflect employee needs
S1 Leadership Style - ANSWER-Telling/Directing
S2 Leadership Style - ANSWER-Selling/Coaching
S3 Leadership Style - ANSWER-Supporting/participating
S4 Leadership Style - ANSWER-Delegating
Contingency Leadership - ANSWER-- Suggest that no one leadership style is ideal
for every situation
- Looks at the effectiveness of a leader, dependent on their leadership style.
73 + LPC score (high) - ANSWER-relationship-oriented leader
<54 LPC score (low) - ANSWER-task-oriented leader
55-72 LPC score - ANSWER-both a relationship-oriented and a task-oriented leader
relationship-oriented leaders - ANSWER-those ranking high on the LPC scale, are
great at fostering team synergy to achieve goals.
task-oriented leaders - ANSWER-those ranking low on the LPC scale, use their
organizational skills to achieve goals efficiently
, Path-Goal Theory - ANSWER-- The theory is based on the premise that an
employee's perception of expectancies between his effort and performance is greatly
affected by a leader's behavior. (Juneja, 2015)
- the leader aims to encourage and impact the perceptions of their team members,
which in turn improves their understanding of their roles and expectations for
performance
Theory X - ANSWER-assumes that the primary source of employee motivation is
monetary, with security as secondary
Theory Y - ANSWER-Assumes that people are self-motivated, and thrive on
responsibility
Theory Z - ANSWER-Focusing on long-term employment, strong company
philosophy
Transactional Leadership - ANSWER-Relies on rewards and punishments/penalties
to achieve an optimal job performance (focuses on tasks and getting the work done)
Transformational Leadership - ANSWER-The core idea is about bringing change in
the followers (focus on the vision and empowerment)
Servant Leadership Theory - ANSWER-Focuses on the growth and well-being of
people and the communities to which they belong; followers first before the leader
Quantum Leadership Theory - ANSWER-Chaotic and is based on principles of
physics and constant change and transformation. It is always changing and evolving.
Rensis Likert Management - ANSWER-Developed 4 management styles, intended to
describe the relationship roles and management styles
Exploitative Authoritative - ANSWER-- Subordinates do not participate in the
decision-making
- Organization will use fear and threats to make sure employees complete the work
set
Benevolent Authoritative - ANSWER-- Decisions are made by those at the top of the
organization and management
- Employees are motivated through rewards rather than fear and threats
- Information may flow from subordinates to managers but is restricted to what
management wants to hear
Consultative System - ANSWER-- Subordinates are motivated by rewards and a
degree of involvement in the decision making process
- Has vertical and horizontal communication
Participative Group System - ANSWER-Lots of communication and subordinates are
fully involved in the decision-making process
MANAGEMENT (LEC) EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Trait Theory - ANSWER-- Focused on "what" effective leader is not on "how"
- A leadership theory that holds that effective leaders possess a similar set of traits
or characteristics
Great Man Theory/Genetic Theory - ANSWER-- Some people are born to lead and
others are born to be led
- was used because, at the time, leadership was thought of primarily as a male
quality, especially in terms of military leadership.
Charismatic Leadership Theory - ANSWER-- a divinely conferred power or talent
- It involves a type of organization or a type of leadership in which authority derives
from the charisma of the leader.
- trait-based leadership theory where leaders act as visionary driven by their
convictions and motivate their followers to work.
- portray "supernatural" abilities
Situational Leadership Theory - ANSWER-It is the adjustment of leadership style to
specific situations to reflect employee needs
S1 Leadership Style - ANSWER-Telling/Directing
S2 Leadership Style - ANSWER-Selling/Coaching
S3 Leadership Style - ANSWER-Supporting/participating
S4 Leadership Style - ANSWER-Delegating
Contingency Leadership - ANSWER-- Suggest that no one leadership style is ideal
for every situation
- Looks at the effectiveness of a leader, dependent on their leadership style.
73 + LPC score (high) - ANSWER-relationship-oriented leader
<54 LPC score (low) - ANSWER-task-oriented leader
55-72 LPC score - ANSWER-both a relationship-oriented and a task-oriented leader
relationship-oriented leaders - ANSWER-those ranking high on the LPC scale, are
great at fostering team synergy to achieve goals.
task-oriented leaders - ANSWER-those ranking low on the LPC scale, use their
organizational skills to achieve goals efficiently
, Path-Goal Theory - ANSWER-- The theory is based on the premise that an
employee's perception of expectancies between his effort and performance is greatly
affected by a leader's behavior. (Juneja, 2015)
- the leader aims to encourage and impact the perceptions of their team members,
which in turn improves their understanding of their roles and expectations for
performance
Theory X - ANSWER-assumes that the primary source of employee motivation is
monetary, with security as secondary
Theory Y - ANSWER-Assumes that people are self-motivated, and thrive on
responsibility
Theory Z - ANSWER-Focusing on long-term employment, strong company
philosophy
Transactional Leadership - ANSWER-Relies on rewards and punishments/penalties
to achieve an optimal job performance (focuses on tasks and getting the work done)
Transformational Leadership - ANSWER-The core idea is about bringing change in
the followers (focus on the vision and empowerment)
Servant Leadership Theory - ANSWER-Focuses on the growth and well-being of
people and the communities to which they belong; followers first before the leader
Quantum Leadership Theory - ANSWER-Chaotic and is based on principles of
physics and constant change and transformation. It is always changing and evolving.
Rensis Likert Management - ANSWER-Developed 4 management styles, intended to
describe the relationship roles and management styles
Exploitative Authoritative - ANSWER-- Subordinates do not participate in the
decision-making
- Organization will use fear and threats to make sure employees complete the work
set
Benevolent Authoritative - ANSWER-- Decisions are made by those at the top of the
organization and management
- Employees are motivated through rewards rather than fear and threats
- Information may flow from subordinates to managers but is restricted to what
management wants to hear
Consultative System - ANSWER-- Subordinates are motivated by rewards and a
degree of involvement in the decision making process
- Has vertical and horizontal communication
Participative Group System - ANSWER-Lots of communication and subordinates are
fully involved in the decision-making process
