NCM 119: FINAL EXAMINATION EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

NCM 119: FINAL EXAMINATION EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Ethics - ANSWER-A practical science dealing with the morality of the human acts or conduct. Ethics - ANSWER-It guides the intellect in the acquisition and application of moral principles Ethics - ANSWER-It shows the way to a right moral decision. Ethics - ANSWER-It determines which values are truly human, that is, which actions or things help us fulfil truly human needs whether innate or created, and helps us decide what to do when values seem to be in conflict. Ethics - ANSWER-It is concerned with the nature of human acts and their relation to morality. Nursing law - ANSWER-It is legislated by Congress and approved by the President with the same purpose as any other nursing legislation - to satisfy human needs and to regulate and provide for the minimum care to be observed in the practice of the nursing profession. Nursing ethics - ANSWER-It covers not only the general duty of nurses to provide care, but also the noble responsibility to inform and educate patients of their health needs. Nursing ethics - ANSWER-It includes the entire gamut of moral and ethical standards to be observed by nurses not only as members of the nursing profession, but more importantly, as members of society. Nursing Professional Ethics - ANSWER-It is the division of ethics which deals with the moral and ethical behaviour of nurses in the practice of the nursing profession. Nursing Professional Ethics - ANSWER-It is concerned with the ethical norms, standards and principles, and good moral conduct of nurses as they relate to their fellow nurses, their profession, other health care professionals, their clients, and the general public. Nursing Professional Ethics - ANSWER-It is concerned with the set of documents pertaining to ethical codes and rules, moral values and principles, policy protocols, and competency standards applicable to nurses in the practice of their profession. Nursing Jurisprudence - ANSWER-A branch of law which deals with the study of nursing laws, lawsuits, liabilities, legal principles, rules and regulations, case laws and doctrines affecting the nursing practice. Nursing Jurisprudence - ANSWER-It includes legal principles, doctrines, and judicial precedents arising from actual cases or controversies in nursing negligence, contracts or will. 2 most important standards of ethical conduct - ANSWER-1. Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses (2004) 2. International Council of Nurses (ICN) Code of Ethics (2006) The Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses - ANSWER-It is promulgated by the PRC-Board of Nursing on July 14, 2004; Board Resolution No. 220, s.2004 New Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses - ANSWER-It promotes and upholds the universal principle as enunciated by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights that "health is the fundamental right of every individual." 7 articles of The new Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses - ANSWER-1. Article I - Preamble 2. Article II - Registered Nurses and People 3. Article III - Registered Nurses and Practice 4. Article IV - Registered Nurses and Coworkers 5. Article V - Registered Nurses, Society, and Environment 6. Article VI - Registered Nurses and the Profession 7. Article VII - Administrative Penalties, Repealing Clause, & Effectivity Article II - Registered Nurses and People - ANSWER-Registered nurses are required to: a. Respect the values, customs and spiritual beliefs b. Respect individual freedom c. Hold in strict confidence personal information Article III - Registered Nurses and Practice - ANSWER-Registered nurses must adhere to the following principles and goals: a. The inviolability of human life b. The goal of quality and excellent patient care. c. The accountability for accurate documentation of actions and outcomes. d. The advocates of patients by respecting the Patient's Bill of Rights e. Awareness of the professional, ethical, moral and legal dimensions f. The goal of striving to perform their work in the best interest of all concerned. Article IV - Registered Nurses and Coworkers - ANSWER-Registered nurses are required to: a. Be in solidarity with other members of the health team b. Maintain collegial and collaborative working relationships with colleagues Article V - Registered Nurses, Society, and Environment - ANSWER-Registered nurses are committed to: a. The preservation of life, respect for human rights, and promotion of a healthy environment b. The establishment of linkages with the public in promoting local, national, and international efforts Article VI - Registered Nurses and the Profession - ANSWER-Registered nurses are dedicated to the following principles/commitments of the profession: a. Maintenance of loyalty to the nursing profession b. Compliance with the bylaws of the PNA, and other professional organizations c. Commitment to continual learning and active participation in the development and growth of the organization. d. Contribution to the development of the socio-economic conditions and general welfare of nurses Volation of any provision of this Code and R.A. no. 9173 - ANSWER-The certificate of registration of registered nurses is subject to suspension or revocation, after due proceedings. International Council of Nurses (ICN) Code of Ethics for Nurses - ANSWER-It was approved by the Board of Nursing on March 21, 1984, as an integral part of the Code of Ethics for Nurses in the Philippines. 4 fundamental responsibilities of nurses - ANSWER-1. to promote health 2 to prevent illness 3. to restore health 4. to alleviate suffering 2 important universal principles - ANSWER-(a) the need for nursing is universal (b) respect for human rights is inherent in nursing Association of Nursing Service Administrtors of the Philippines, Inc. (ANSAP) - ANSWER-It was promulgated in 1993, with the end in view of raising the moral and ethical standards of nursing administrators. Guiding principles - ANSWER-a. The nursing profession is a commitment to God and people b. The nursing service is responsible and accountable for quality nursing care c. The nursing service is a major function in any health care delivery system d. A high level of self discipline and committed leadership are essential factors in the effective management of health care services. e. In the nursing services, its most important asset, aside from its clients, is its caring, competent and productive personnel. f. Competence enhances the public's assurance of quality nursing care, therefore, nursing personnel must be selected and appointed to positions consistent with their qualifications g. The client is the reason for the existence of the nursing profession h. The implementation and maintenance of approved standards of nursing practice and nursing administration are bases for effective and efficient nursing service. i. Nursing service is integral in the quality of education of students. j. A unified stand is vital in achieving their objectives through membership in professional organizations 3 legal important principles in nursing professional ethics - ANSWER-1. Autonomy 2. Informed consent 3. confidentiality Autonomy - ANSWER-It is basically the right of an individual to take independent action, also known as self-determination. Informed Consent - ANSWER-A process of communication between a patient and health care provider that often leads to agreement or permission of care, treatment, or services. Confidentiality - ANSWER-It is when the information is restricted to those authorized to have access to it. Patient's Bill of Rights - ANSWER-It was first adopted by the American Hospital Association in 1973 and was approved by the AHA Board of Trustees on October 21, 1992. Bill of Rights - ANSWER-These rights can be exercised on the patient's behalf by a designated surrogate or proxy decision maker if the patient lacks decisionmaking capacity, is legally incompetent, or is a minor. Patient's right - ANSWER-1. The patient has the right to considerate and respectful care. 2. The patient has the right to and is encouraged to obtain from physicians and other direct caregivers relevant, current, and understandable information concerning diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. 3. the patient has the right to make decisions about the plan of care prior to and during the course of treatment and to refuse a recommended treatment 4. The patient has the right to have an advance directive concerning treatment. 5. The patient has the right to every consideration of privacy. 6. The patient has the right to expect that all communications and records pertaining to his care will be treated as confidential by the hospital 7. The patient has the right to review the records pertaining to his medical care and to have the information explained or interpreted as necessary 8. The patient has the right to expect that, within its capacity and policies, a hospital will make reasonable response to the request of a patient for appropriate and medically indicated care and services. 9. The patient has the right to ask and be informed of the existence of business relationships among the hospital, educational institutions, other health care providers 10. The patient has the right to consent or to decline to participate in proposed research studies 11. The patient has the right to expect reasonable continuity of care when appropriate and to be informed by physicians and other caregivers 12. The patient has the right to be informed of hospital policies and practices that relate to patient care, treatment, and responsibilities. Law - ANSWER-A rule of conduct formally recognized as binding by a controlling authority. Jurisprudence - ANSWER-A system or body of law Fault - ANSWER-A nurse can be considered at fault in the practice of nursing profession when his action is contrary to what should have been done to the patient. Negligence - ANSWER-A nurse is considered negligent when there is a failure in observing the necessary protection of interests and wellness of the patient - the degree of care, precaution and vigilance which circumstances demand, whereby such patient suffers an injury or even death. Faults or negligence - ANSWER-It is a legal wrong which could result to multiple lawsuits and enormous legal liabilities for nurses. Constitutional law - ANSWER-Branch of the science of law which treats of the nature of constitutions. Criminal law - ANSWER-It covers offenses resulting to injuries or death of the patients. Evidence for the criminal offenses resulting in injuries or death - ANSWER-1. Body 2. Objects on or with the body 3. Injuries sustained 4. Tissues and body fluids 5. Other medical evidence or findings Civil law - ANSWER-Branch of law that pertains to the "organization of the family and re regulation of property. New Civil Code (NCC) or the Civil Code of the Philippines (Republic Act No. 386) - ANSWER-It is the principal legal document in the study of civil law Labor law (Labor Legislation) - ANSWER-Branch of law that governs and regulates the relationship of employers and employees. Labor law (Labor Legislation) - ANSWER-It was promulgated as P.D. (Presidential Decree) No. 442 on May 1, 1974. 2 divisions of Labor Law - ANSWER-1. Labor standards law 2. Labor Relations Law Labor standards law - ANSWER-It sets out the minimum terms, conditions, and benefits of employment that the employers must provide or comply with and to which employees are entitles as a matter of right. Labor Relations Law - ANSWER-It defines the status, rights and duties, and the institutional mechanisms, that govern the individual and collective interactions of employers, employees or their representatives Lawsuit - ANSWER-It refers to any action, complaint, charge, case or legal proceeding brought before the court of law. Liability - ANSWER-It is the legal responsibility for acts or failure to act according to standards, protocols or policies of the hospital, resulting in another person's injury or death. Lawsuits in Nursing Practice - ANSWER-1. Intentional felonies (mala in se) 2. Criminal negligence Intentional felonies (mala in se) - ANSWER-It is committed by means of deceit (dolo). There is deceit when the act is performed with malice or deliberate intent. Criminal negligence - ANSWER-It is committed by means of fault (culpa). The wrongful act results from imprudence, negligence, lack of foresight or lack of skill. Reckless imprudence - ANSWER-It consist of doing or failing to do an act resulting to injuries or death due to an inexcusable lack of precaution. (Penalty: imprisonment 1 to 4 years) Simple imprudence - ANSWER-It is a mere lack of precaution in a situation where threatened harm is not immediate or the impending danger is not openly visible. (Penalty: imprisonment from 1 month to 6 months) Republic Act No. 6657 - ANSWER-Nurses cannot prescribe drugs to the patients because prescriptions can only be made by medical, dental, and veterinary practitioners. Malpractice in Nursing - ANSWER-It is the improper or unethical conduct by a professional, resulting in harm, injury or death of another person Elements of nursing malpractice - ANSWER-1. The DUTY of a nurse to employ his training, care, and skill 2. The BREACH of these professional duties, of skill and care, or their improper performance 3. DAMAGE or INJURY to the body or health of the patient 4. The PROXIMATE CAUSATION Civil Action and Jurisprudence Doctrines in Nursing Practice - ANSWER-1. Breach of contract (culpa contractual) 2. Quasi-delict (culpa aquiliana) 3. Doctrine of bonus pater familias 4. Doctrine of respondeat superior 5. Doctrine of res ipsa loquitur 6. Doctrine of force majeure 7. Doctrine of informed consent 8. Nurse as a witness rule 9. Will Breach of contract (culpa contractual) - ANSWER-Inability to fulfill the specifications of the contract without any legal reason. Contracts - ANSWER-An agreement which creates a valid legal obligation. Quasi-delict (culpa aquiliana) - ANSWER-It commonly happens when a nurse intervenes in a medical procedure or provides nursing care without the consent of the patient or hospital and his nursing action causes harm or injury to the patient. Doctrine of bonus pater familias - ANSWER-It is he basis of civil liability of the hospital as employer of a nurse is the relationship of BONUS PATER FAMILIAS (good father of a family), whereby the employer ultimately becomes liable on his own negligence. culpa in eligiendo - ANSWER-Negligent in the selection of his employees culpa in vigilando - ANSWER-Negligent supervision of his employees Doctrine of respondeat superior - ANSWER-An American doctrine whereby the negligence of the employee is conclusively presumed to be the negligence of the employer. respondeat superior - ANSWER-It is a Latin phrase which literally means "let the master or superior answer" Doctrine of respondeat superior - ANSWER-It is a legal doctrine which means that the employer is responsible for his employee's actions within the course of employment. Doctrine of res ipsa loquitur - ANSWER-- "the thing itself speaks" - It is applied to physical torts in which the res (thing) need not be explained beyond the obvious facts as shown. TORTS - ANSWER-It is an act or omission that gives rise to injury or harm to another and amounts to a civil wrong for which courts impose liability. Doctrine of force majeure - ANSWER-- It refers to an event which cannot be foreseen, or which being foreseen, is inevitable. - It implies an extraordinary circumstance independent of the will of the actor. Force majeure - ANSWER-It is an act of God or an unexpected event which takes place by accident and can neither be foreseen nor resisted. Doctrine of informed consent - ANSWER-2 parts a. information There must first be full disclosure by the physician or nurse of the facts surrounding the disease and the physician's treatment of the client b. consent This doctrine is based on the principle of dignity, respect for the rights, and autonomy of every individual patient. Nurse as a witness rule - ANSWER-- The court may call a nurse to serve as witness to a case. - Nurses may be considered as ordinary witnesses or expert witnesses. Ordinary witness - ANSWER-It is the one who can testify as to the conditions or circumstances present in the issue or surrounding the case. Expert witness - ANSWER-It is the one who can testify on the issue by giving his opinion or advice from the facts presented Will - ANSWER-It is an act whereby a person is permitted, with the formalities prescribed by law, to control to a certain degree the disposition of his estates or properties, to take effect after his death. 2 kinds of will - ANSWER-Notarial will Holographic will Notarial will - ANSWER-It requires an attestation clause, and an acknowledgment before a notary public. Holographic will - ANSWER-- It is a will which is entirely written, dated and signed by the testator. - Minors or those of unsound mind cannot make a will. Republic Act No. 7164 (Philippine Nursing Act of 1991) - ANSWER-- It was touted as a great accomplishment of professional nursing in the Philippines because it was passed 38 years after the enactment of Republic Act. No. 877 (The Philippine Nursing Act) on June 19, 1953 - It was approved by President Corazon Aquino. Republic Act No. 9173, (Philippine Nursing Act of 2002) - ANSWER-- It was signed by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo - It is now the prevailing law regulating the nursing practice in the Philippines. - It includes the curative, preventive, promotive, and rehabilitative aspects of care; restoration of health and alleviation of suffering. 2 Universal principles in nursing - ANSWER-1. The need for nursing is universal 2. Respect for human rights is inherent in nursing (ICN Code, 2006) 6 main features of R.A. No. 9173 - ANSWER-1. Organization of the Board of Nursing (Art. III) 2. Examination and registration (Art IV) 3. Nursing Education (Art V) 4. Nursing Practice (Art. VI) 5. Health human resource production, utilization and development (Art. VII) 6. Penal and miscellaneous provisions (VIII) Professional Regulatory Board of Nursing (PRBON) - ANSWER-It is the primary agency responsible for the regulation of the admission, registration, and practice of the nursing profession in the Philippines. PRBON is composed of: - ANSWER-1 chairperson & 6 members Section 6 of R.A. no. 9173 - ANSWER-Chairperson and members of the Board have a term of 3 years and until their succesors are appointed and qualified. Powers, Duties and Functions of the Board - ANSWER-a. Conduct the licensure examination for nurses b. Issue, suspend or revoke certificates of registration for the practice of nursing c. Monitor and enforce quality standards of nursing practice in the Philippines and exercise the powers necessary d. Ensure quality nursing education e. Conduct hearings and investigations f. Promulgate a Code of Ethics in coordination and consultation with the accredited professional organization of nurses . g. Recognize nursing specialty organizations in coordination with the accredited professional organization h. prescribe, adopt issue and promulgate guidelines, regulations, measures and decisions as may be necessary for the improvement of the nursing practice i. Submit at the close of its calendar year an annual report to the President of the Philippines j. initiate, undertake and conduct studies on health human resources production, utilization and development k. Formulate and develop a comprehensive nursing specialty program l. Establish an incentive and benefit system in the form of free hospital care for nurses and their dependents, scholarship grants and other non-cash benefits Specialty nursing groups or associations recognized by the Board - ANSWER-1. Association of Nursing Service Administrators of the Philippines (ANSAP) 2. Association of Private Duty Nurses Practitioners of the Philippines (APDNPP) 3. Critical Care Nurses Association of the Philippines (CCRN) 4. Military Nurses Association of the Philippines (MNAP) 5. Renal Nurses Association of the Philippines (RNAP) 6. Occupational Health Nurses Association of the Phil. (OHNAP) 7. Maternal and Child Nurses Association of the Phil. (MCNAP) 8. NICU Nurses Association of the Phil. (NICUNAP) 9. Philippine Oncological Nursing Association (PONA) 10. Integrated Registered Nurses of the Phil. (IRNP) 11. Clinical Nurses Association of the Phil. (CCNAP) Licensure examination - ANSWER-All applicants for the license to practice nursing in this country are required to pass the written examination given by the PRBON Qualifications and requirements for admission to licensure examination. - ANSWER-a. A citizen of the Philippines b. A person of good moral character c. A holder of a Bachelor's degree in Nursing from a college or university that complies with the standards of nursing education duly recognized by the proper government agency (Sec. 13, R.A. No. 9173) R.A. No. 7164 - ANSWER-- It is the license to practice nursing shall be renewed every 3 years with the PRC. - It is a requirement prior to the renewal of license that a registered nurse must complete 60 hours of continuing professional education (CPE). Moral turpitude - ANSWER-- It is an act of baseness, vileness, or depravity in the private and social duties which a man owes to his fellowman/society, contrary to the accepted and customary rule of right and duty between man and man. - It is an act done contrary to justice, honesty, modesty, or good morals. Immoral or dishonourable conduct - ANSWER-- It is one which is "contrary to standards of moral conduct, whether illegal or not; obscene, indecent" - It includes acts amounting to grave misconduct, gross injustice, dishonesty and immoral conduct - This does not require conviction of a criminal offense by final judgment Unsound mind - ANSWER-- Mental incapacity; idiocy; imbecility; lunacy; insanity; or a mind incapable of reasoning. - This requires a declaration by the court. - A mere medical certificate or even medical finding is not enough to deprive a person of his right to a certificate of registration/professional license Grounds for revocation or suspension of certificate of registration/professional license are as follows: - ANSWER-1. any of the causes mentioned in the preceding section (Sec. 22) 2. Unprofessional and unethical conduct 3. Gross incompetence or serious ignorance 4. Malpractice or negligence in the practice of nursing 5. Use of fraud, deceit, or false statements in obtaining a certificate of registration/professional license 6. Violation of this Act, the rules and regulations, Code of Ethics for nurses and technical standards for nursing practice, policies of the Board and the Commission. 7. Practicing his profession during his suspension from such practice. Unprofessional and unethical conduct - ANSWER-A nurse can be held liable under this ground when he violates the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002, the Constitution and existing laws, PRC and BON rules and regulations, the Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses. Gross incompetence or serious ignorance - ANSWER-It means performance of nursing techniques or procedures without proper preparation, skills and training. Scope of Nursing Practice - ANSWER-- It is specifically enumerated in Republic Act. No. 9173 - It means the extent or range of health care activities which a nurse can do or perform pursuant to law Duties of a Nurse - ANSWER-a. To provide nursing care through the utilization of the nursing process b. To establish linkages with community resources and coordination with the health team c. To provide health education to individuals, families, & communities d. To teach, guide, and supervise students in nursing education programs including the administration of nursing services in varied settings . e. To undertake nursing and health human resource development training and research. Group I - ANSWER-Community Health Nursing Specialty Group II - ANSWER-Medical Surgical Nursing Specialty Group III - ANSWER-Mother and Child Health Nursing Specialty Group IV - ANSWER-Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing Specialty Nurses are allowed to perform the following specialty nursing procedures after complying with the necessary trainings and certification requirements: - ANSWER-a. Internal examination during labor and delivery b. Suturing of perineal lacerations c. Intravenous therapy Prohibitions in the Nursing Practice - ANSWER-R.A. No. 9173 punishes the following acts with a fine of not less than 50,000 pesos nor more than 100,000 pesos or imprisonment of not less than 1 year nor more than 6 years or both, at the discretion of the court: a. Any person practicing nursing in the Philippines without a certificate of registration/professional license b.Any person who undertakes inservice educational programs or who conducts review classes for both local and foreign exam without permit from the Board and the Commission. c. any person or employer of nurses who violates the minimum base pay of nurses and the incentives and benefits that should be accorded them as specified in section 32 and 34 Resolutions Affecting Nursing Practice - ANSWER-1. PRC-BON Resolution No. 425, s. 2003 - Implementing Rules and Regulations of the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002 2. PRC Resolution No. 217, s. 1992 - Delisting of Names of Delinquent Professionals from the Rolls of Registered Professionals 3. PRC-BON Resolution No. 14, s. 1999 4. PRC-BON Resolution No. 08, s. 1994 5. PRC-BON Resolution No. 82, s. 1998 6. PRC-BON Resolution No. 112, s. 2005 7. PRC-BON Resolution No. 220, s. 2004 PRC-BON Resolution No. 425, s. 2003 - Implementing Rules and Regulations of the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002 - ANSWER-Mandating the Professional Regulatory Board of Nursing (PRBON)and the PRC in coordination PRC Resolution No. 217, s. 1992 - ANSWER-Delisting of Names of Delinquent Professionals from the Rolls of Registered Professionals PRC-BON Resolution No. 14, s. 1999 - ANSWER-Adoption of a Nursing Specialty Certification Program and Creation of Nursing Special Certification Council PRC-BON Resolution No. 08, s. 1994 - ANSWER-Special Training for Nurses on Intravenous Therapy PRC-BON Resolution No. 82, s. 1998 - ANSWER-Promulgation of Standards of Safe Nursing Practice PRC-BON Resolution No. 112, s. 2005 - ANSWER-Adopting and Promulgating the Competency Standards of Nursing Practice in the Philippines PRC-BON Resolution No. 220, s. 2004 - ANSWER-Promulgation of the Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses Habits 1,2,and 3 - ANSWER-It focuses on self mastery and moving from dependence to independence Habits 4, 5, and 6 - ANSWER-It focuses on developing teamwork, collaboration, and communication skills, and moving from independence to interdependence. Habit 7 - ANSWER-It focuses on continuous growth and improvement and embodies all the other habits. 7 Habits of Highly Effective People - ANSWER-1. Be Proactive 2. Begin with the End in Mind 3. Put First Things First 4. Think Win-Win 5. Seek First to Understand, Then to Be Understood 6. Synergize 7. Sharpen the Saw Proactive - ANSWER-- Acting in anticipation of future problems, needs, or changes - Creating or controlling a situation by causing something to happen - It is the ability to do things in advance of an event to ensure you have maximum control. It is the opposite of being reactive, which is when you simply respond to events after they have unfolded - Recognize they have responsibility - or "response-ability" Reactive people - ANSWER-- take a passive stance - they believe the world is happening to them. - They say things like: "There's nothing I can do." "That's just the way I am" Just Push Pause - ANSWER-- When someone is rude to you, where do you get the power to resist being rude back? - For starters, just push pause and pray The Procrastinator - ANSWER-- things that are both urgent and important - The results of too much time in Q1: 1. Stress and anxiety 2. Feeling burnt out 3. Mediocre performance The Yes-Man - ANSWER-- It represents things that are urgent but not important - Characterized by trying to please other people and responding to their every desire - It is deceptive because urgent, immediate things feel important. In truth, they're not - The results of spending too much time in Q3 1. Feeling like a follower rather than a leader 2. Lack of discipline 3. Feeling like a doormat for others to wipe their feet on The Slacker - ANSWER-- It is the category of waste and excess - These activities are neither urgent nor important - The results of living in Q4: 1. Lack of responsibility 2. Guilt 3. Flakiness (markedly odd or unconventional) 4. Missing out on adventures The Prioritizer - ANSWER-- Q2 is made of things that are important but not urgent - like relaxation, friendships, working out, planning ahead, and doing homework... on time! - It is the quadrant of excellence - the place to be - The results of living in Q2: 1. Control of your life 2. Balance 3. High performance 6 Paradigms of human interaction - ANSWER-1. Win-Win 2. Win-Lose; "If I win, you lose" 3. Lose-Win; "I lose, you win" 4. Lose-Lose; both party lose 5. Win 6. Win-Win or No Deal Win-Win - ANSWER-- Both party win - Agreements or solutions are mutually beneficial and satisfying to both parties. - Win-Lose - ANSWER-- "If I win, you lose" - Win-Lose people are prone to use position, power, credentials, and personality to get their way. Lose-Win - ANSWER-- "I lose, you win" - Lose-Win people are quick to please and appease, and seek strength from popularity or acceptance. Lose-Lose - ANSWER-- both party lose - When 2 Win-Lose people get together - that is, when 2 determined, stubborn, egoinvested individuals interact - the result will be Lose-Lose. Win - ANSWER-People with the Win mentality don't necessarily want someone else to lose - that's irrelevant. What matters is that they get what they want. Win-Win or No Deal - ANSWER-If you can't reach and agreement that is mutually beneficial, there is no deal. In solving for Win-Win, we must consider 2 factors: - ANSWER-1. Consideration 2. Courage Abundance Mentality - ANSWER-belief that there's plenty out there for everyone. Scarcity Mentality - ANSWER-act as though everything is zero-sum (if you get it, I don't). Synergize - ANSWER-- combine or coordinate the activity of 2 or more people to produce a joint output greater than the sum of their separate outputs. -to work together in order to be more effective 4 dimensions of our nature - ANSWER-1. Physical Dimension 2. Spiritual Dimension 3. Mental Dimension 4. Social/Emotional Dimension Physical Dimension - ANSWER-Exercise Healthy diet Rest and relaxation Spiritual Dimension - ANSWER-- A focus on our spiritual dimension helps us practice Habit 2, as we continuously revise and commit ourselves to our values, so we can begin with the end in mind. Prayer Read Bible church activities Spiritual retreats Gospel music Mental Dimension - ANSWER-The goal of renewing our mental health is to continue expanding our mind. Social/Emotional Dimension - ANSWER-The goal of renewing ourselves socially/emotionally is to develop meaningful relationships.