NCM 119 FINALS EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
MOTIVATION - ANSWER-A force that pushes people to work with
a high level of commitment and focus,
even if things are going against them.
INTERNAL MOTIVATION - ANSWER-doing something because it's personally
rewarding to someone.
EXTERNAL MOTIVATION - ANSWER-doing something because an individual
wants to earn a reward or avoid
punishment.
THEORIES OF MOTIVATION - ANSWER--Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
- Alderter's ERG Theory
- Hertzberg's Motivation- Hygiene Theory: Two- Factor
- Mcclelland's Theory of Need
- Vroom's Expectancy Theory
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANSWER-this theory mentioned that a person will be
motivated when all his needs are
fulfilled.
Plantilla Position - ANSWER-it refers to the permanent position within the procuring
entity concerned.
ERG Theory - ANSWER-theory that talks about existence, relatedness, growth
Motivation-Hygiene Theory: Two Factor - ANSWER-is a motivation
theory that suggests that satisfaction and
dissatisfaction at work are influenced by two
sets of factors: hygiene factors and
motivators.
McClelland's Theory of Needs - ANSWER-a theory that tells need for achievement,
need for power, need for affiliation
Vroom's Expectancy Theory - ANSWER-This theory states that people will behave
based on what they expect as a result of their behavior. In other words, people will
work in relation to the expected reward.
Expectancy - ANSWER-the level of effort an employee is willing to exert in
hopes that the increased effort will result in better
performance.
Instrumentality - ANSWER-the belief that if you perform well, then a valued
, outcome will be received.
Valence - ANSWER-the importance that the individual places upon
the expected outcome.
Incentives - ANSWER-It is something that encourages a person or
organization to do their work or responsibility.
Conflict - ANSWER-is an expressed struggle
between at least two interdependent
parties.
Five Characteristics of a Conflict - ANSWER-- At least two parties are involved in
some form of
interaction;
- Difference in goals and/or values either exists or is perceived to exist by the parties
involved;
- The interaction involves behavior that will defeat,
reduce, or suppress the opponent, or gain
avictory;
- The parties come together with opposing actions and counteractions; and
- Each party attempts to create in imbalance, or
favored power position.
Types of Conflicts - ANSWER-- Interpersonal
- Intergroup
- Intrapersonal
- Personal-group
Interpersonal Conflict - ANSWER-those conflicts that arise
between two individuals
Pseudo conflict - ANSWER-misunderstanding
leads to difference of opinion or when
people believe they have different goals
when in reality, they have the same goals
Fact or simple conflict - ANSWER-happens when
two or more people disagree over
information or the truth of something.
Value Conflict - ANSWER-comes up when
different personal values lead to disagreement.
Policy Conflict - ANSWER-happens when people
can't agree on a problem-solving strategy or action plan in a given situation.
Ego Conflict - ANSWER-often develops alongside
other types of conflict, and it can make
any disagreement trickier to navigate.
AND ANSWERS
MOTIVATION - ANSWER-A force that pushes people to work with
a high level of commitment and focus,
even if things are going against them.
INTERNAL MOTIVATION - ANSWER-doing something because it's personally
rewarding to someone.
EXTERNAL MOTIVATION - ANSWER-doing something because an individual
wants to earn a reward or avoid
punishment.
THEORIES OF MOTIVATION - ANSWER--Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
- Alderter's ERG Theory
- Hertzberg's Motivation- Hygiene Theory: Two- Factor
- Mcclelland's Theory of Need
- Vroom's Expectancy Theory
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANSWER-this theory mentioned that a person will be
motivated when all his needs are
fulfilled.
Plantilla Position - ANSWER-it refers to the permanent position within the procuring
entity concerned.
ERG Theory - ANSWER-theory that talks about existence, relatedness, growth
Motivation-Hygiene Theory: Two Factor - ANSWER-is a motivation
theory that suggests that satisfaction and
dissatisfaction at work are influenced by two
sets of factors: hygiene factors and
motivators.
McClelland's Theory of Needs - ANSWER-a theory that tells need for achievement,
need for power, need for affiliation
Vroom's Expectancy Theory - ANSWER-This theory states that people will behave
based on what they expect as a result of their behavior. In other words, people will
work in relation to the expected reward.
Expectancy - ANSWER-the level of effort an employee is willing to exert in
hopes that the increased effort will result in better
performance.
Instrumentality - ANSWER-the belief that if you perform well, then a valued
, outcome will be received.
Valence - ANSWER-the importance that the individual places upon
the expected outcome.
Incentives - ANSWER-It is something that encourages a person or
organization to do their work or responsibility.
Conflict - ANSWER-is an expressed struggle
between at least two interdependent
parties.
Five Characteristics of a Conflict - ANSWER-- At least two parties are involved in
some form of
interaction;
- Difference in goals and/or values either exists or is perceived to exist by the parties
involved;
- The interaction involves behavior that will defeat,
reduce, or suppress the opponent, or gain
avictory;
- The parties come together with opposing actions and counteractions; and
- Each party attempts to create in imbalance, or
favored power position.
Types of Conflicts - ANSWER-- Interpersonal
- Intergroup
- Intrapersonal
- Personal-group
Interpersonal Conflict - ANSWER-those conflicts that arise
between two individuals
Pseudo conflict - ANSWER-misunderstanding
leads to difference of opinion or when
people believe they have different goals
when in reality, they have the same goals
Fact or simple conflict - ANSWER-happens when
two or more people disagree over
information or the truth of something.
Value Conflict - ANSWER-comes up when
different personal values lead to disagreement.
Policy Conflict - ANSWER-happens when people
can't agree on a problem-solving strategy or action plan in a given situation.
Ego Conflict - ANSWER-often develops alongside
other types of conflict, and it can make
any disagreement trickier to navigate.
