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6th Edition by Laura Hartman
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Complete Chapter Solutions Manual
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are included (Ch 1 to 50)
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,Chaptery01—EthicsyandyBusiness
IMyChaptery1:yEthicsyandyBusiness
ChapteryObjectives
Afteryreadingythisychapter,yyouywillybeyableyto:
1. Explainythreeylevelsyatywhichyethicalydecisionsygetymadeyinybusiness.
2. Explainytheynatureyofybusinessyethicsyasyanyacademicydiscipline.
3. Explainywhyyethicsyisyimportantyinytheybusinessyenvironment.
4. Explainywhyyethicalyresponsibilitiesygoybeyondylegalycompliance.
5. Distinguishytheyethicsyofypersonalyintegrityyfromytheyethicsyofysocialyresponsibility.
6. Distinguishyethicalynormsyandyvaluesyfromyotherybusiness-relatedynormsyandyvalues.
7. Describeyethicalydecisionymakingyasyayformyofypracticalyreasoning.
OpeningyDecisionyPoint—WellsyFargoyandyFacebook
TheyWellsyFargoyandyFacebookycasesycanybeyusedytoyintroduceyayrangeyofytopicsythatywillyemergeyth
roughoutythisybook.yTheycaseyinvolvesydecisionymakingyatyaynumberyofylevels,yfromyindividualyentr
y-levelyemployeesy(likeymanyyofyourystudents),ytoybranchymanagers,ytoy mid-
levelymanagement,ysenioryexecutives,yandytheyboardyofydirectors.yTheycasesyalsoyincludeydecisionsyi
ndividualsydirectlyyinvolvedyinywrongdoingyasywellyasyindividualsywhoyblewytheywhistleyonywrongd
oing.yAygoodydiscussionycanybeygeneratedybyyaskingystudentsytoyassigny responsibility,ybothyinyterm
syofywhoyisyatyfaulty(whoyisyaccountable?)yandywhatycouldybeyoneytoypreventyityfromyreoccurringy(wh
atycausedyit?).
WeyhaveyaddedyaynewyshortycaseydescriptionyinvolvingyFacebookytoythisyDecisionyPointyforyseveraly
reasons.yFirst,yFacebookyhelpsybringyoutytheybroaderysocialyandypoliticalydimensionsyofyethicalydeci
sionymakingymoreydirectly.yStudentsywillyseeytheydifficultyyinyseparatingybusinessydecisionsyfromybr
oaderysocialyandyethicalydecisions.ySecond,ytheyFacebookycaseyalsoyinvolvesysomey examplesy ofy in
sidersy whoy calledy outy unethicaly activities.y Despitey they pressuresy iny allyorganizationsytoyconfor
m,yityisypossibleyforyindividualsytoystandyupyforytheiryethicaly beliefs.yFinally,yFacebookyandysocialym
ediaycanybeyaymoreyrelevantyexampleyforymanyystudentsythanybanking.
Theseydiscussionsycanyeasilyyleadyintoytheydecision-
makingymodelythatywillybeyintroducedylateryinytheychapter.yWhatyfactsywouldybeyhelpfulytoymakeythe
seyjudgmentsyofyresponsibility?yWhatyfactsywouldychangeyyourydecision?yWhatyfactsyconfirmedyyo
uryinitialythoughts?yWhoyareytheystakeholdersyinvolved,yrangingyfromyentry-
levelyemployees,ytoycustomers,ytoystockholders,ytoycompetitors.yWhatystake,yexactly,ydoytheseygrou
psyhaveyinythisycase?yHowywereytheyyharmed?yHow,yifyatyall,ywereytheiryinterestsyrepresentedyinythey
process?
Theseyareyalsoygoodycasesywithywhichytoyintroduceytheytopicsyofycorporateycultureyandyleadership.y
Howywereytheydecisionsymadeybyyindividualsyinfluencedybyytheysurroundingyculture,yandyhowydid
1-1
,Chaptery01—EthicsyandyBusiness
thatycultureyemergeyatyWellsyFargo?yAtyFacebook?yHowyfreeywereyemployeesyatyeveryylevel,yinclud
ingysenioryexecutives,ytoydivergeyfromytheyprevalentyculture?yHowymightythatyinstitutionalycultureyb
eychanged?yWhoyisyresponsibleyforyinstitutionalydecisions?yWhichyinstitutionalypoliciesyandypractic
esyenabledythisyscandal?yHowymightytheyybeychangedytoyavoidyayreoccurrence?
Anotherytopicythatycanybeyintroducedyinvolvesyprofessionalyresponsibilitiesyofybankersyandyfinancia
lyprofessionalsyatyWells,yandyITyspecialistsyatyFacebook.yThisydiscussionycanybeyhelpfulyinysettingyth
eystageyforyChaptery5yandytheygeneralytopicyofycorporateysocialyresponsibility.yAydiscussionyofyfiduci
aryydutiesycanyintroduceyseveralyimportantyquestions.yWhatyresponsibilitiesydoymanagers,yperhapsye
speciallyysenioryexecutives,yhaveytoystockholders?yHowymightytheseyresponsibilitiesyconflictywithyt
heiryresponsibilitiesyasyfinancialyprofessionals?yFacebookycaseyalsoycanyfocusydiscussionyonyquestio
nsyofytheysocialyandypoliticalyresponsibilitiesyofybothyindividualsyandycorporations.
Finally,ythisycaseycanyalsoyintroduceytheyquestionyofygovernmentyregulationywithinyaymarketyecono
my.yWhatyisytheyproperyroleyforygovernmentyagencies,ybothyinytermsyoffsettingystandardsytoypreventy
misconductyandyinyenforcingysanctionsyafterytheyfact?yHowydoesythisyinfluenceythey“freeymarket”ysy
stem?yInywhatysenseyareycorporationsy“citizens”yofytheycountriesyinywhichytheyyoperate,yandywhatyres
ponsibilitiesydoesythatyimply?
I. Introduction:yGettingyComfortableywithytheyTopic
Ityisynotyuncommonyforystudentsytoyenteryaybusinessyethicsyclassywithysomeydegreeyofydoubt,yconfusi
on,yandyapprehensionyaboutytheytopic.yThisyopeningychapteryaimsytoyrelieveythoseyconcernsybyyintrod
ucingybusinessyethicsyasyanyunavoidableyandynonthreateningypartyofybusinessy(andylife).
Theytopicyisyintroducedybyyreviewingysomeyofytheypastyandyrecentywell-
knownyscandalsybutyalsoypointingyoutysomeywell-
knownyexamplesyofycommendableycorporateyethics.yItycanybeyworthwhileytoyremindystudentsyofybes
tycaseyexamplesyasyaymeansytoyremindingythemythatybusinessyethicsydoesynotyassumeythatyonlyytheyba
dycasesydeserveyattention.
Weyalsoyremindystudentsythatybusinessyethicsyisynotylimitedytoytheytypeyofymajorycorporateydecisions
ywithydramaticysocial yconsequences. yAtysomeypoint yeveryyworker,yandy certainlyyeveryoneyinyayman
agementyrole,ywillybeyfacedywithyanyissueythatywillyrequireyethicalydecisionymaking.yWeyhaveyalsoye
xpandedythisysectionytoyincludeyaybroaderydiscussionyofytheyroleyethicsyplaysyinymanyylifeyexperienc
esyoutsideyasywellyasyinsideybusiness.
Thisyopeningysectionyidentifiesyfiveygeneralygoalsyforyaybusinessyethicsyclass:
1. Developytheyknowledgeybaseyandyskillsyneededytoyidentifyyethicalyissues.
2. Understandyhowyandywhyypeopleybehaveyunethically.
3. Decidey howy wey shouldy act,y whaty wey shouldy do,y andy they typey ofy persony wey shouldy bey asyin
dividuals.
4. Createyethicalyorganizations.
5. Thinkythroughytheysocial,yeconomic,yandypoliticalypoliciesythatyweyshouldysupportyasycitizens.
1-2
, Chaptery01—EthicsyandyBusiness
II. BusinessyEthicsyasyEthicalyDecisionymaking
Weymovedythisysectionyupytoyanyearlyypointyinythisychapterysoythatystudentsycanybeymoreydire
ctlyyandyimmediatelyyintroducedytoyWHATyethicsyinvolvesyandywhatyityis.ySomeyreviewersy
suggestedythatytheypreviousyorganizationyspentytooymuchytimeytalkingyABOUTyethics,ybefor
eyactuallyysayingywhatyityis.
a. Soywhatyisytheypointyofyaybusinessyethicsycourse?yOurygeneralyapproachythroughoutythi
sytextyisytoyexplainyethicsyasyaymiddleygroundybetweenythoseywhoyunderstandyethicsyinyab
solutistyandycertainyterms,yandythoseywhoydenyyanyyreasonableyoryobjectiveybasisyforyeth
icalyclaims.yThisytextyneitherypreachesydogmaticyethicalytruthsynoryabandonsyhopeyforyet
hicalyprogressyandyrationality.
b. WeyincludeyaydiscussionyofySocratesyandyThrasymachus.yRationalydecisionymakingya
ndypersuasionyversusyimposingyone’syviewyonyothers.yWhileystudentsymightyinitiallyyseey
thisyasyanyaside,ytheycrucialypointyisyworthyemphasizing—
perhapsymoreysoyinylightyofyrecentyU.S.ypoliticalydebates.yThisytexty(likeySocrates)ydoesya
ssumeythatyhumansycanybeyrationalyenoughytoysettleydisagreementsybyythinkingythemythro
ughyandyfindingyrationalyconclusionsythatybindyallypeople.yInyanyysocietyyinywhichypeopl
eydisagreey(andywhereywouldythatynotybe?),ytheyalternativeytoyrationalydiscussion,ypersuas
ion,yandyultimatelyyanyagreementyisypower/forcey(Thrasymachus).
i. Asythey titley ofy thisy booky suggests,y oury approachy toy businessy ethicsy will
emphasizeyethicalydecisionymaking.
ii. HistoricalyContext:yOnyoneyhand,yethicsyrefersytoyanyacademicydisciplineywithyay
centuriesyoldyhistoryyandyweymightyexpectyknowledgeyaboutythisyhistoryytoybeyam
ongytheyprimaryygoalsyofyayclassyinyethics.
1. Thus,yinyanyethicsycourse,ystudentsymightybeyexpectedytoylearnyaboutytheyg
reatyethicistsyofyhistoryysuchyasyAristotle,yJohnyStuartyMill,yandyImmanu
elyKant.yAsyhappensyinymanyyotherycourses,ythisyapproachytoyethicsywoul
dyfocusyonytheyinformationalycontentyofytheyclass.
*ChapteryObjectivey2yAddressedyBelow*
iii. EthicalyBehavior/NormativeyContent:yYet,yaccordingytoysomeyobservers,ylear
ningyaboutyethicalytheoriesyandygainingyknowledgeyaboutytheyhistoryyofyethicsyisy
besideytheypoint.
1. Manyypeople,yrangingyfromybusinessesylookingytoyhireycollegeygraduates
ytoybusiness ystudents yandyteachersythemselves, yexpect yanyethics yclassytoya
ddressyethicalybehavior,ynotyjustyinformationyandyknowledgeyaboutyethi
cs.
2. Afteryall,yshouldynotyanyethicsyclassyhelpypreventyfutureyethicalyscandals?
yEthicsyrefersynot yonlyytoyanyacademicydisciplineybut ytoythatyarenayofyhum
anylifeystudiedybyythisyacademicydiscipline,ynamely,yhowyhumanybeings
yproperlyyshouldyliveytheirylives.
1-3