PLTW-HBS Unit 1 Test Review Exam Questions
with Solutions
Directional Terms: - -
-Anterior - -towards the front (eyes are anterior to the brain) -ventral
-Posterior - -towards the back (the pharynx is posterior to the oral cavity)-dorsal
-Inferior - -below another or closer to the feet -caudal
-Superior - -above another or closer to head -cranial
-Dorsal (posterior) - -towards or at the back of the body; behind
eg.: heart is posterior to the breastbone
-Ventral (anterior) - -toward or at the front of the body; in front of
eg.:breastbone is anterior to the spine
-Medial - -toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of
eg.: heart is medial to the arm
-Lateral - -away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of
eg.: arms are lateral to the chest
-Proximal - -Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the
body trunk. the elbow is proximal to the wrist.
-Distal - -Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the
body trunk. knee is distal to the thigh.
-Superficial (external) - -toward or at the body surface. the skin is superficial to the
skeletal muscles.
-Deep (internal) - -away from the body surface; more internal. Lungs are deep to the skin.
-Regional Terms: - -
-Vertebral - -spinal column
-brachial - -arm
-sternal - -breastbone
with Solutions
Directional Terms: - -
-Anterior - -towards the front (eyes are anterior to the brain) -ventral
-Posterior - -towards the back (the pharynx is posterior to the oral cavity)-dorsal
-Inferior - -below another or closer to the feet -caudal
-Superior - -above another or closer to head -cranial
-Dorsal (posterior) - -towards or at the back of the body; behind
eg.: heart is posterior to the breastbone
-Ventral (anterior) - -toward or at the front of the body; in front of
eg.:breastbone is anterior to the spine
-Medial - -toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of
eg.: heart is medial to the arm
-Lateral - -away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of
eg.: arms are lateral to the chest
-Proximal - -Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the
body trunk. the elbow is proximal to the wrist.
-Distal - -Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the
body trunk. knee is distal to the thigh.
-Superficial (external) - -toward or at the body surface. the skin is superficial to the
skeletal muscles.
-Deep (internal) - -away from the body surface; more internal. Lungs are deep to the skin.
-Regional Terms: - -
-Vertebral - -spinal column
-brachial - -arm
-sternal - -breastbone
