medical and surgical nursing exam questions with complete
solutions
. The nurse is conducting a physical assessment on a client with
anemia. Which of the following clinical manifestations would be
most indicative of the anemia?
A.BP 146/88
B.Respirations 28 shallow
C.Weight gain of 10 pounds in 6 months
D.Pink complexion Correct Answer B.Respirations 28
shallow
1. A client comes into the emergency room in severe pain and
reports that a pot of boiling hot water accidentally spilled on his
lower legs. The assessment reveals blistered, mottled red skin,
and both feet are edematous. Which depth of burn should the
nurse document?
A. Superficial partial thickness.***
B. Deep partial thickness.
C. Full thickness.
First degree Correct Answer A. Superficial partial
thickness.***
1. A client is prescribed Spironolactone (Aldactone), 50 mg
once every day. The nurse knows that Spironolactone
______________.
A. blocks the reabsorption of sodium, thereby increasing urinary
output
B. inhibits renal vasoconstriction, which prevents the release of
Renin
,C. prevents the secretion of epinephrine from the adrenal
medulla
D. interferes with fluid retention by inhibiting Aldosterone***
Correct Answer D. interferes with fluid retention by inhibiting
Aldosterone***
1. A client who has undergone a Cholecystectomy asks the nurse
whether there are any dietary restrictions that must be followed.
The nurse would recognize that the dietary teaching was
understood when the client tells a family member that
__________.
A. "Most people need to eat a high protein diet for 12 months
after surgery"
B. "Most people can tolerate regular diet after this type of
surgery"
C. "I should not eat those foods that upset me before the
surgery"
D. "I should avoid fatty foods as long as I live"*** Correct
Answer D. "I should avoid fatty foods as long as I live"***
1. A common complication of immobility in a spinal cord injury
is _______________.
A. Pneumonia
B. pressure ulcers***
C. thrombophlebitis
D. urinary tract infections Correct Answer B. pressure
ulcers***
,1. A student nurse teaches a client with heart failure to take oral
Furosemide in the morning. The rational for this is to help
___________.
A. Excrete excessive fluids accumulated at night
B. Prevents sleep disturbances during night***
C. Prevention of electrolyte imbalance
D. Retard rapid drug absorption Correct Answer B. Prevents
sleep disturbances during night***
1. A student teaches a client who has been recently diagnosed
with Hepatitis A about untoward signs and symptoms that may
develop. The one that shouldbe reported immediately to the
physician is____________.
A. Nausea
B. Restlessness
C. Yellow urine
D. Clay- colored stools*** Correct Answer D. Clay- colored
stools***
1. All of the following statements concerning genitourinary
system changes in the older adult are true
EXCEPT_______________.
A. the renal filtration rate decreases
B. the acid-base balance is restored more slowly
C. bladder capacity increases with advanced age***
D. urinary frequency, urgency, and incontinence are common
problems. Correct Answer C. bladder capacity increases with
advanced age***
, 1. An 80 year old client who has undergone thoracic surgery has
chest tube connected to a water-seal drainage system attached to
suction. Presence of excessive bubbling is identified in water-
seal chamber, the nurse should _____________.
A. "Strip" the chest tube catheter
B. Check the system for air leaks***
C. Decrease the amount of suction pressure.
D. Recognize the system is functioning correctly. Correct
Answer B. Check the system for air leaks***
1. As a student nurse in a busy regional hospital, you are
learning about evidence-based practice for the first time.
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is __________________.
A. the reasoning that goes into the process of drawing a
conclusion based on evidence
B. the process that nurses use to make clinical decisions and to
answer clinical questions about delivery of care to patients
C. a subset of the problem-solving process that includes
assessment, diagnosis, plan, implementation, evaluation and
modification
D. a scientific process that validates and refines existing
knowledge that directly and indirectly influences clinical
nursing practice*** Correct Answer D. a scientific process
that validates and refines existing knowledge that directly and
indirectly influences clinical nursing practice***
solutions
. The nurse is conducting a physical assessment on a client with
anemia. Which of the following clinical manifestations would be
most indicative of the anemia?
A.BP 146/88
B.Respirations 28 shallow
C.Weight gain of 10 pounds in 6 months
D.Pink complexion Correct Answer B.Respirations 28
shallow
1. A client comes into the emergency room in severe pain and
reports that a pot of boiling hot water accidentally spilled on his
lower legs. The assessment reveals blistered, mottled red skin,
and both feet are edematous. Which depth of burn should the
nurse document?
A. Superficial partial thickness.***
B. Deep partial thickness.
C. Full thickness.
First degree Correct Answer A. Superficial partial
thickness.***
1. A client is prescribed Spironolactone (Aldactone), 50 mg
once every day. The nurse knows that Spironolactone
______________.
A. blocks the reabsorption of sodium, thereby increasing urinary
output
B. inhibits renal vasoconstriction, which prevents the release of
Renin
,C. prevents the secretion of epinephrine from the adrenal
medulla
D. interferes with fluid retention by inhibiting Aldosterone***
Correct Answer D. interferes with fluid retention by inhibiting
Aldosterone***
1. A client who has undergone a Cholecystectomy asks the nurse
whether there are any dietary restrictions that must be followed.
The nurse would recognize that the dietary teaching was
understood when the client tells a family member that
__________.
A. "Most people need to eat a high protein diet for 12 months
after surgery"
B. "Most people can tolerate regular diet after this type of
surgery"
C. "I should not eat those foods that upset me before the
surgery"
D. "I should avoid fatty foods as long as I live"*** Correct
Answer D. "I should avoid fatty foods as long as I live"***
1. A common complication of immobility in a spinal cord injury
is _______________.
A. Pneumonia
B. pressure ulcers***
C. thrombophlebitis
D. urinary tract infections Correct Answer B. pressure
ulcers***
,1. A student nurse teaches a client with heart failure to take oral
Furosemide in the morning. The rational for this is to help
___________.
A. Excrete excessive fluids accumulated at night
B. Prevents sleep disturbances during night***
C. Prevention of electrolyte imbalance
D. Retard rapid drug absorption Correct Answer B. Prevents
sleep disturbances during night***
1. A student teaches a client who has been recently diagnosed
with Hepatitis A about untoward signs and symptoms that may
develop. The one that shouldbe reported immediately to the
physician is____________.
A. Nausea
B. Restlessness
C. Yellow urine
D. Clay- colored stools*** Correct Answer D. Clay- colored
stools***
1. All of the following statements concerning genitourinary
system changes in the older adult are true
EXCEPT_______________.
A. the renal filtration rate decreases
B. the acid-base balance is restored more slowly
C. bladder capacity increases with advanced age***
D. urinary frequency, urgency, and incontinence are common
problems. Correct Answer C. bladder capacity increases with
advanced age***
, 1. An 80 year old client who has undergone thoracic surgery has
chest tube connected to a water-seal drainage system attached to
suction. Presence of excessive bubbling is identified in water-
seal chamber, the nurse should _____________.
A. "Strip" the chest tube catheter
B. Check the system for air leaks***
C. Decrease the amount of suction pressure.
D. Recognize the system is functioning correctly. Correct
Answer B. Check the system for air leaks***
1. As a student nurse in a busy regional hospital, you are
learning about evidence-based practice for the first time.
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is __________________.
A. the reasoning that goes into the process of drawing a
conclusion based on evidence
B. the process that nurses use to make clinical decisions and to
answer clinical questions about delivery of care to patients
C. a subset of the problem-solving process that includes
assessment, diagnosis, plan, implementation, evaluation and
modification
D. a scientific process that validates and refines existing
knowledge that directly and indirectly influences clinical
nursing practice*** Correct Answer D. a scientific process
that validates and refines existing knowledge that directly and
indirectly influences clinical nursing practice***
