ECHO REGISTRY REVIEW QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
The congenital cardiac anomaly seen most frequently in adults is:
A. Ebstein's Anomaly
B. Bicuspid AoV
C. VSD
D. ASD – ANSWER: B
Which is the number and location of the papillary muscles of the normal mitral valve?
A. one; the posteromedial
B. two; the posteromedial and anterolateral
C. two; the inferolateral and posteromedial
D. three; the anterolateral, posteromedial, and inferolateral - ANSWER: B
Clinically, prolapse of the mitral valve is associated with:
A. opening snap and systolic murmur
B. diastolic murmur and third heart sound
C. fixed splitting of the second heart sound
D. midsystolic click and/or late systolic murmur - ANSWER: D
Papillary muscle dysfunction usually results from
A. Dressler's syndrome
B. ischemic heart disease
C. bacterial endocarditis
D. rheumatic heart disease - ANSWER: B
In order to record the vegetations of endocarditis by echocardiography, the vegetation must
have a diameter of at least:
A. 1cm
B. 3mm
C. 3cm
D. 5mm - ANSWER: B
Which M-Mode finding is considered to be a specific indicator of a fenestrated aortic valve?
A. diastolic flutter of the mitral valve
B. premature opening of the aortic valve
C. diastolic flutter of the aortic valve
D. early systolic of the aortic valve - ANSWER: C
, Which cardiac abnormalities are frequently noted on the echocardiogram of patients with
Marfan's Syndrome?
A. MS and pericardial effusion
B. MVP and aortic dilation
C. LV aneurysm and thrombus formation
D. dilation of the pulmonary artery and pulmonic stenosis - ANSWER: B
Which term is used to describe a segment of ventricular wall that exhibits no motion?
A. akinesis
B. dyskinesis
C. hypokinesis
D. hyperkinesis - ANSWER: A
A true aneurysm of the left ventricle can usually be distinguished from a pseudoaneurysm
because a pseudoaneurysm:
A. has a small, more narrow neck than a true aneurysm
B. never contains thrombi whereas a true aneurysm always contains a layered thrombus
C. is always larger in overall size than a true aneurysm - ANSWER: A
which two-dimensional echocardiographic view is best for the assessment of the interatrial
septum?
A. apical long axis
B. apical four chamber
C. parasternal short axis
D. subcostal four chamber - ANSWER: D
The most common type of atrial septal defect is the:
A. ostium primum
B. sinus venosus
C. coronary sinus
D. ostium secundum - ANSWER: D
M-Mode echo demonstration of mid-systolic closure of the pulmonary valve along with a
decreased "a" wave is most consistent with:
A. pulmonary hypertension
B. pulmonary insufficiency
C. valvular pulmonary stenosis
D. infundibular pulmonary stenosis - ANSWER: A
A two-dimensional echocardiogram shows increased thickness of the ventricular walls but
normal LV walls. The myocardium has a speckled appearance. Which type of
cardiomyopathy might this represent?
A. ischemic
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
The congenital cardiac anomaly seen most frequently in adults is:
A. Ebstein's Anomaly
B. Bicuspid AoV
C. VSD
D. ASD – ANSWER: B
Which is the number and location of the papillary muscles of the normal mitral valve?
A. one; the posteromedial
B. two; the posteromedial and anterolateral
C. two; the inferolateral and posteromedial
D. three; the anterolateral, posteromedial, and inferolateral - ANSWER: B
Clinically, prolapse of the mitral valve is associated with:
A. opening snap and systolic murmur
B. diastolic murmur and third heart sound
C. fixed splitting of the second heart sound
D. midsystolic click and/or late systolic murmur - ANSWER: D
Papillary muscle dysfunction usually results from
A. Dressler's syndrome
B. ischemic heart disease
C. bacterial endocarditis
D. rheumatic heart disease - ANSWER: B
In order to record the vegetations of endocarditis by echocardiography, the vegetation must
have a diameter of at least:
A. 1cm
B. 3mm
C. 3cm
D. 5mm - ANSWER: B
Which M-Mode finding is considered to be a specific indicator of a fenestrated aortic valve?
A. diastolic flutter of the mitral valve
B. premature opening of the aortic valve
C. diastolic flutter of the aortic valve
D. early systolic of the aortic valve - ANSWER: C
, Which cardiac abnormalities are frequently noted on the echocardiogram of patients with
Marfan's Syndrome?
A. MS and pericardial effusion
B. MVP and aortic dilation
C. LV aneurysm and thrombus formation
D. dilation of the pulmonary artery and pulmonic stenosis - ANSWER: B
Which term is used to describe a segment of ventricular wall that exhibits no motion?
A. akinesis
B. dyskinesis
C. hypokinesis
D. hyperkinesis - ANSWER: A
A true aneurysm of the left ventricle can usually be distinguished from a pseudoaneurysm
because a pseudoaneurysm:
A. has a small, more narrow neck than a true aneurysm
B. never contains thrombi whereas a true aneurysm always contains a layered thrombus
C. is always larger in overall size than a true aneurysm - ANSWER: A
which two-dimensional echocardiographic view is best for the assessment of the interatrial
septum?
A. apical long axis
B. apical four chamber
C. parasternal short axis
D. subcostal four chamber - ANSWER: D
The most common type of atrial septal defect is the:
A. ostium primum
B. sinus venosus
C. coronary sinus
D. ostium secundum - ANSWER: D
M-Mode echo demonstration of mid-systolic closure of the pulmonary valve along with a
decreased "a" wave is most consistent with:
A. pulmonary hypertension
B. pulmonary insufficiency
C. valvular pulmonary stenosis
D. infundibular pulmonary stenosis - ANSWER: A
A two-dimensional echocardiogram shows increased thickness of the ventricular walls but
normal LV walls. The myocardium has a speckled appearance. Which type of
cardiomyopathy might this represent?
A. ischemic
