MEDSURG 2 FINAL EXAM WITH
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2025
The client reports that a previously sensitive area of skin no longer responds to temperature
changes or painful stimuli. This finding indicates a functional abnormality for which skin layer?
A. Stratum corneum
B. Adipose layer
C. Epidermis
D. Dermis - CORRECT-ANSWERSD. Dermis
During skin inspection the nurse observes three lesions on the client's right knee. The lesions are
round, have a raised border, and are grouped in a "smiley face" pattern. Which descriptors does
the nurse use to document these observations?
A. Annular, circinate, clustered
B. Linear, confluent, vesicular
C. Circumscribed, universal, pustular
D. Serpiginous, coalesced, wheal-like - CORRECT-ANSWERSA. Annular, circinate, clustered
,Which technique for obtaining a specimen for bacterial culture is most correct for the nurse to
use with a client who has crusted skin lesions on the upper back?
A. Remove several crusts, and swab the underlying exudate.
B. Dampen the culture swab with sterile water, and then roll the swab over the central crusts.
C. Apply a gauze bandage to the area, remove it after 1 hour, and send the entire gauze to the
laboratory.
D. Clean the area with an antibacterial solution, remove a crust from the center of the cluster of
lesions, and send it to the laboratory. - CORRECT-ANSWERSA. Remove several crusts, and
swab the underlying exudate.
An 88-year-old man is admitted to the ED from home with weakness and acute confusion.What
is the nurse's priority for his care to maintain client safety?
A. Assess his mental status every 30minutes
B. Ensure that siderails are raised on his stretcher
C. Check his bowel sounds for intestinal obstruction
D. Teach him to move slowly when walking - CORRECT-ANSWERSB. Ensure that siderails
are raised on his stretcher
,A client is admitted to the ED with multiple stab wounds to his chest, abdomen and arms. What
is the nurse's priority upon admission to the ED?
A. Check for bleeding from the stab wounds
B. Assess and maintain the client's airway
C. Start 2 large-bore IV lines
D. Assess the level of consciousness - CORRECT-ANSWERSB. Assess and maintain the
client's airway
An older client with heat stroke is being cooled with a cooling blanket and ice packs under her
arms and behind her neck. What assessment indicates to the nurse that the cooling process is
effective?
A. The client is alert and oriented
B. The client states that she feels cooler
C. The client's temperature is 100 degrees F
D. The client's urinary output is 30 mL/hr - CORRECT-ANSWERSC. The client's temperature is
100 degrees F
, An older client is preparing for a trip to a cold-weather area and asks the nurse how he can
prevent hypothermia while visiting there. Which preventative actions will the nurse include in
the health teaching? Select all that apply.
A. Wear cotton clothing to help absorb moisture
B. Layer clothing to keep heat near the body
C. Avoid skiing if it is snowing heavily
D. Be sure to wear gloves and a hat
E. Do not wear too many pairs of socks - CORRECT-ANSWERSB. Layer clothing to keep heat
near the body
C. Avoid skiing if it is snowing heavily
D. Be sure to wear gloves and a hat
E. Do not wear too many pairs of socks
A client experiences altitude-related illness after visiting a ski resort in Colorado. What is the
nurse's priority action when the client is admitted to the emergency department?
A. Provide supplemental oxygen
B. Place the client on a ventilator
C. Perform an electrocardiogram
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2025
The client reports that a previously sensitive area of skin no longer responds to temperature
changes or painful stimuli. This finding indicates a functional abnormality for which skin layer?
A. Stratum corneum
B. Adipose layer
C. Epidermis
D. Dermis - CORRECT-ANSWERSD. Dermis
During skin inspection the nurse observes three lesions on the client's right knee. The lesions are
round, have a raised border, and are grouped in a "smiley face" pattern. Which descriptors does
the nurse use to document these observations?
A. Annular, circinate, clustered
B. Linear, confluent, vesicular
C. Circumscribed, universal, pustular
D. Serpiginous, coalesced, wheal-like - CORRECT-ANSWERSA. Annular, circinate, clustered
,Which technique for obtaining a specimen for bacterial culture is most correct for the nurse to
use with a client who has crusted skin lesions on the upper back?
A. Remove several crusts, and swab the underlying exudate.
B. Dampen the culture swab with sterile water, and then roll the swab over the central crusts.
C. Apply a gauze bandage to the area, remove it after 1 hour, and send the entire gauze to the
laboratory.
D. Clean the area with an antibacterial solution, remove a crust from the center of the cluster of
lesions, and send it to the laboratory. - CORRECT-ANSWERSA. Remove several crusts, and
swab the underlying exudate.
An 88-year-old man is admitted to the ED from home with weakness and acute confusion.What
is the nurse's priority for his care to maintain client safety?
A. Assess his mental status every 30minutes
B. Ensure that siderails are raised on his stretcher
C. Check his bowel sounds for intestinal obstruction
D. Teach him to move slowly when walking - CORRECT-ANSWERSB. Ensure that siderails
are raised on his stretcher
,A client is admitted to the ED with multiple stab wounds to his chest, abdomen and arms. What
is the nurse's priority upon admission to the ED?
A. Check for bleeding from the stab wounds
B. Assess and maintain the client's airway
C. Start 2 large-bore IV lines
D. Assess the level of consciousness - CORRECT-ANSWERSB. Assess and maintain the
client's airway
An older client with heat stroke is being cooled with a cooling blanket and ice packs under her
arms and behind her neck. What assessment indicates to the nurse that the cooling process is
effective?
A. The client is alert and oriented
B. The client states that she feels cooler
C. The client's temperature is 100 degrees F
D. The client's urinary output is 30 mL/hr - CORRECT-ANSWERSC. The client's temperature is
100 degrees F
, An older client is preparing for a trip to a cold-weather area and asks the nurse how he can
prevent hypothermia while visiting there. Which preventative actions will the nurse include in
the health teaching? Select all that apply.
A. Wear cotton clothing to help absorb moisture
B. Layer clothing to keep heat near the body
C. Avoid skiing if it is snowing heavily
D. Be sure to wear gloves and a hat
E. Do not wear too many pairs of socks - CORRECT-ANSWERSB. Layer clothing to keep heat
near the body
C. Avoid skiing if it is snowing heavily
D. Be sure to wear gloves and a hat
E. Do not wear too many pairs of socks
A client experiences altitude-related illness after visiting a ski resort in Colorado. What is the
nurse's priority action when the client is admitted to the emergency department?
A. Provide supplemental oxygen
B. Place the client on a ventilator
C. Perform an electrocardiogram
