Demonstration and Research Pest Control – Georgia Certification Exam Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct

Demonstration and Research Pest Control – Georgia Certification Exam Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct The degradation and movement of a pesticide in soils depends on these four things _____ - ANSWER -chemistry (reactivity/stability), physical properties (water solubility/volatility), and the biotic and abiotic factors in the soil. a phenomenon where pesticides are degraded more rapidly by populations of organisms who have previously been exposed to the pesticide. This is generally seen as a positive thing although it can happen sometimes so rapidly that it interferes with the pesticides ability to function. Sometimes they are introduced to clean up contaminated soil. - ANSWER -EMD - Enhanced Microbial Degradation Some abiotic factors that influence pesticide degradation are _____ - ANSWER soil composition, moisture content, pH, organic matter, tilth, UV radiation, and pesticide volatilization and the mineral surface area that is in contact with water. Soil mineral surface area can range from a _____ to a _____ square meters per liter. - ANSWER -few hundred to a few thousand EPA has established the _____ and the _____ for the level of pesticides in ground water. - ANSWER -MCL (maximum contaminant level) and the HAL (health advisory level) is the combination of a substance's inherent toxicity and the amount of exposure to that product. - ANSWER -Risk Toxic substances may enter the body through these four routes ____ - ANSWER skin, mouth, eyes, or respiratory system. is the damage a substance can do during a one-time exposure. - ANSWER -Acute toxicity is the standardized way we measure toxicity and it is the Lethal Dose required to kill 50% of the laboratory test animals. - ANSWER -LD50 Lethal dose is usually measured in _____ of toxicant per _____ of body weight and they vary for the same species depending on route of entry, ex dermal vs. oral. - ANSWER -milligrams per kilogram is the lethal concentration and it is used for toxicants in water and air. It is measured in mg/L. - ANSWER -LC50 Signal words for a 'highly toxic' pesticide are _____ and these are dangerous at _____ mg/kg. - ANSWER -(skull/crossbones) & Danger-Poison, 0-50 mg/kg Signal words for a 'moderately toxic' pesticide are _____ and these are dangerous at _____ mg/kg. - ANSWER -Warning, 50-500 mg/kg Signal words for a 'slightly toxic' pesticide are _____ and these are dangerous at _____ mg/kg. - ANSWER -Caution, 500-5000 mg/kg Signal words for a 'relatively non-toxic' pesticide are _____ and these are dangerous at _____ mg/kg. - ANSWER -Caution, 5000 mg/kg is the damage a substance can do upon repeated or continuous exposure over a period of time. - ANSWER -Chronic toxicity is the ability to cause tumors/cancers. - ANSWER -Oncogenicity is the ability to induce a mutation or change a heritable characteristic. - ANSWER -Mutagenicity is the ability to induce injury to a fetus. - ANSWER -Fetotoxicity is the ability to cause birth defects. - ANSWER -Teratogenicity is the ability to damage the nervous system. - ANSWER -Neurotoxicity is the dose in which an obvious toxic effect is produced but does not kill the test animal. - ANSWER -Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) The number of test animals usually exposed to each dosage level is about _____ - ANSWER -50 of each sex. is the dose required to get a negative response and it implies existence of a No Effect Level (NOEL). - ANSWER -Dose Response Concept (DRC) is the belief that a single molecule of an oncogenic agent may be enough to induce some cancers and this invalidates the NOEL. - ANSWER -One-hit theory One part per trillion equals _____ - ANSWER -one grain of salt in an olympic sized swimming pool. is the study of the occurrence and distribution of disease, mortality, or other adverse effects in populations and their relationship to contributing or associated factors. Unlike toxicology, it examines normally-occurring hazards, not ones artificially applied by a researcher. - ANSWER -Epidemiology are studies in which the investigator separates populations according to their degree of exposure to some risk factor and then observes these populations for adverse effects. - ANSWER -Prospective/forward epidemiological studies are studies in which the investigator separates populations according to adverse effects and then looks for associated factors. - ANSWER -Retrospective/backward epidemiological studies management practices that aim at keeping pests at economically insignificant levels. - ANSWER -Integrated Pest Management (IPM) The era of reliance on synthetic pesticides began about the time of _____ - ANSWER -WW2