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NURS 231 Pathophysiology Module 3 Exam FALL 2025

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Explain the challenges of diagnosing autoimmune disorders. 2. Which type of immunity is characterized by the development of a specific response to an antigen? a. Innate Immunity b. Adaptive immunity c. Autoimmunity d. Active immunity 3. What allows the lymphocyte to differentiate between self and foreign molecules? a. Antigen presenting cells b. Regulatory cells c. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule d. Effector cells 4. T-lymphocytes produce what type of immunity? 5. Which immunoglobulin passes immune factors from the mother to the fetus?

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Institution
NURS 231
Course
NURS 231

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1. Explain the challenges of diagnosing autoimmune disorders.

2. Which type of immunity is characterized by the development of a
specific response to an antigen?

a. Innate Immunity

b. Adaptive immunity

c. Autoimmunity

d. Active immunity

3. What allows the lymphocyte to differentiate between self and foreign
molecules?

a. Antigen presenting cells

b. Regulatory cells

c. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule

d. Effector cells

4. T-lymphocytes produce what type of immunity?

5. Which immunoglobulin passes immune factors from the mother to the
fetus?

a. IgM

b. IgA

c. igG

d. igD

e. igE

6. Which cell type is an early responder and the most abundant in the
body?

a. Lymphocytes

b. Eosinophils

c. Basophils

d. Neutrophils

7. Which is NOT a finding consistent with Graves' disease?

, a. Exophthalmos

b. Hypothyroidism

c. Hyperthyroidism

d. Goiter

e. Corneal ulceration

8. A 9-year-old boy with a peanut allergy was exposed to peanuts. He
presents to the emergency room with an anaphylactic reaction. (1)
What symptoms might he present with? (2) Does the quantity of
exposure mean he will have a more severe reaction? (3) What is the
initial immediate treatment? (4) What are 2 things people with
anaphylaxis should always carry?

9. True/False: Following a heart attack, the area of heart muscle that has
undergone necrosis because of lack of blood supply will heal by scar
tissue replacement.

10. Which of the following is an incorrect pairing of a classic
manifestation of acute inflammation with its corresponding cause?

a. Rubor - vasodilation

b. Dolor - inflammatory cells infiltrating sensory nerves. In acute
inflammation, dolor (pain) is caused by increased hydrostatic
pressure in tissues and by chemical mediators.

c. Calor - increased blood flow

d. Tumor - exudation of fluid and cells into extravascular tissues

11. True/False: Lymphocytes are categorized as either granulocytes
or agranulocytes.

12. True/False: Passive immunity is achieved through immunization.

13. True/False: B lymphocytes normally produce antibodies against
host tissues.

14. Antibodies are also known as:

15. Which of the following hypersensitivity reactions can be treated
with the administration of epinephrine?

a. Type I

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NURS 231
Course
NURS 231

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