Neurological disorders
Stroke process
- Cerebral anoxia
- Cerebral infarction
- Cerebral edema
- Cerebral dysfunction
What is a stroke?
- Disruption in braids blood supply- EMERGENCY
- Types
- Ischemic= blockage in a blood vessel
- hemorrhagic= rupture of a blood vessel
- Stroke symptoms
- Sudden weakness
- Numbness
- Difficulty speaking
- Loss of coordination
- Requires prompt intervention
- Minimize brain damage
- Improve recovery chances
Types of stroke
- Hemorrhagic
- Bleeding into brain tissue, ventricles, + subarachnoid space
- #1 RF: HTN
- Intracecal (more common) Vs. subarachnoid
- With rupture, increased ICP
- Ischemic: embolic
- Clot
- Sudden, severe s/s
- Warning signs less common
- Remains conscious
- Headache
- Ischemic: thrombotic
- Plaque
- No decrease in LOC in the first 24 hours
- s/get progressively worse as infarction + edema increases
Transient ischemic attack
- Temporary neurologic deficit resulting from a temporary impairment of blood flow
- This is a warning sign
- Requires urgent assessment
Risk factors
- Non-modifiable
- Age, gender, ethnicity, genetics
- Modifiable
- HTN, atherosclerosis, atrial fibrillation
- Anticoagulation therapy, stress, obesity, oral contraceptives, diabetes mellitus
, Clinical manifestations: different types
- Ischemic stroke
- Sudden, severe headache
- Weakness or numbness
- Trouble speaking, slurred speech, or difficulty understanding speech
- Dizziness, loss of balance, or difficulty walking
- Confusion or changes in consciousness
- Difficulty swallowing
- Facial droop on one side
- Hemorrhagic stroke
- Sudden, severe headache
- Weakness or numbness
- Trouble speaking, slurred speech, or difficulty understanding speech
- Dizziness, loss of balance, or difficulty walking
- Confusion or changes in consciousness
- Nausea and vomiting
- Sudden vision problems
- Seizures
- Transient ischemic attack
- Transient and short-lived symptoms
- Typically, the same symptoms as an ischemic stroke
- Weakness or numbness
- Trouble speaking, slurred speech, or difficulty understanding speech
- Sudden vision problems
- Dizziness, loss of balance, or difficulty walking
- Facial droop on one side
Clinical manifestations: Right Vs. Left
- Stroke on the right side of the brain
- Paralyzed left side: hemiplegia
- Left-sided neglect
- Spatial-perceptual deficits
- Tends to deny or minimize problems
- Rapid performance, short attention span
- Impulsive, safety problems
- Impaired judgment
- Impaired concept of time
- Stoke on the left side of the brain
- Paralyzed right side: hemiplegia
- Impaired speech/language aphasias
- Impaired right/left discrimination
- Slow performance, cautious
- Aware of deficits: depression, anxiety
- Impaired comprehension related to language and math
Stroke process
- Cerebral anoxia
- Cerebral infarction
- Cerebral edema
- Cerebral dysfunction
What is a stroke?
- Disruption in braids blood supply- EMERGENCY
- Types
- Ischemic= blockage in a blood vessel
- hemorrhagic= rupture of a blood vessel
- Stroke symptoms
- Sudden weakness
- Numbness
- Difficulty speaking
- Loss of coordination
- Requires prompt intervention
- Minimize brain damage
- Improve recovery chances
Types of stroke
- Hemorrhagic
- Bleeding into brain tissue, ventricles, + subarachnoid space
- #1 RF: HTN
- Intracecal (more common) Vs. subarachnoid
- With rupture, increased ICP
- Ischemic: embolic
- Clot
- Sudden, severe s/s
- Warning signs less common
- Remains conscious
- Headache
- Ischemic: thrombotic
- Plaque
- No decrease in LOC in the first 24 hours
- s/get progressively worse as infarction + edema increases
Transient ischemic attack
- Temporary neurologic deficit resulting from a temporary impairment of blood flow
- This is a warning sign
- Requires urgent assessment
Risk factors
- Non-modifiable
- Age, gender, ethnicity, genetics
- Modifiable
- HTN, atherosclerosis, atrial fibrillation
- Anticoagulation therapy, stress, obesity, oral contraceptives, diabetes mellitus
, Clinical manifestations: different types
- Ischemic stroke
- Sudden, severe headache
- Weakness or numbness
- Trouble speaking, slurred speech, or difficulty understanding speech
- Dizziness, loss of balance, or difficulty walking
- Confusion or changes in consciousness
- Difficulty swallowing
- Facial droop on one side
- Hemorrhagic stroke
- Sudden, severe headache
- Weakness or numbness
- Trouble speaking, slurred speech, or difficulty understanding speech
- Dizziness, loss of balance, or difficulty walking
- Confusion or changes in consciousness
- Nausea and vomiting
- Sudden vision problems
- Seizures
- Transient ischemic attack
- Transient and short-lived symptoms
- Typically, the same symptoms as an ischemic stroke
- Weakness or numbness
- Trouble speaking, slurred speech, or difficulty understanding speech
- Sudden vision problems
- Dizziness, loss of balance, or difficulty walking
- Facial droop on one side
Clinical manifestations: Right Vs. Left
- Stroke on the right side of the brain
- Paralyzed left side: hemiplegia
- Left-sided neglect
- Spatial-perceptual deficits
- Tends to deny or minimize problems
- Rapid performance, short attention span
- Impulsive, safety problems
- Impaired judgment
- Impaired concept of time
- Stoke on the left side of the brain
- Paralyzed right side: hemiplegia
- Impaired speech/language aphasias
- Impaired right/left discrimination
- Slow performance, cautious
- Aware of deficits: depression, anxiety
- Impaired comprehension related to language and math
