NR 577 Final Exam
Q: What are the clinical presentations of Osgood-Schlatter Disease?
Answer: Pain worsened by activity, palpable lump below the knee, localized erythema, swelling,
and tenderness, may be unilateral or bilateral.
Q: What is the initial diagnostic test for Osgood-Schlatter Disease?
Answer: Plain radiographs, MRI, Ultrasound
Q: What is the management for Osgood-Schlatter Disease?
Answer: Anti-inflammatory medication (ibuprofen), stretching, physical therapy, RICE, and
possibly surgery for persistent pain.
Q: What clinical assessments are included in the examination for scoliosis?
Answer: Gait assessment, Adams forward bend test, leg length discrepancy assessment,
strength of all four extremities, and neurologic assessments.
Q: What is the diagnostic test for scoliosis?
Answer: Plain radiographs measuring for Cobb angle.
Q: What is the management for scoliosis with a Cobb angle < 10 degrees?
Answer: Regular exercise for core strength, no further monitoring required.
Q: What is the management for scoliosis with a Cobb angle 11 to 20 degrees?
Answer: Follow-up radiographs every 4 to 12 months and exercise for core strength.
Q: What is the management for scoliosis with a Cobb angle 21 to 45 degrees?
,Answer: Bracing for 18 hours per day plus exercise for core strength.
Q: What is the management for scoliosis with a Cobb angle > 45 degrees?
Answer: Surgical correction.
Q: What are the characteristics of tension headaches?
Answer: Musculoskeletal origin, bilateral or unilateral, bandlike pressure, episodic (<180
days/year) or chronic (>180 days/year).
Q: What are the risk factors for migraines?
Answer: Family history, caffeine, barometric changes, female gender, obesity, stress, sleep
disorders.
Q: What are the symptoms of a sinus headache?
Answer: Associated with sinusitis, pressure in cheeks/forehead, stuffy nose, fatigue, pain worse
when bending forward.
Q: What are the characteristics of cluster headaches?
Answer: Unilateral around the eye, deep explosive pain, associated with ptosis, miosis,
lacrimation, swollen eyelid, and nasal discharge.
Q: What is a secondary headache?
Answer: A headache resulting from an underlying disease such as hemorrhage or giant cell
arteritis.
Q: What are some pharmacological management options for headaches/migraines?
, Answer: Headache diary, sleep hygiene, hydration, NSAIDs, triptans, tricyclic antidepressants,
stress management.
Q: What are the red flag symptoms for headaches?
Answer: SNOOP: Systemic signs (fever, malignancy), Neurologic symptoms (loss of
consciousness, seizure), new Onset in patients > 50, thunderclap Onset, Papilledema.
Q: How can traumatic brain injuries be classified?
Answer: As blunt, penetrating, or blast injuries based on the causative factor.
Q: What are the leading causes of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) in the United States?
Answer: Motor vehicle accidents (MVA), sports injuries, falls, and assaults.
Q: What is the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) range for a mild injury?
Answer: GCS 13-15.
Q: What GCS range indicates a moderate injury?
Answer: GCS 9-12.
Q: What GCS range indicates a severe injury?
Answer: GCS 3-9.
Q: Glasgow coma scale
Answer: Eye Opening (4-0)
Verbal Response (5-0)
Motor Response (6-0)
Max: 15 pts
Q: What are the clinical presentations of Osgood-Schlatter Disease?
Answer: Pain worsened by activity, palpable lump below the knee, localized erythema, swelling,
and tenderness, may be unilateral or bilateral.
Q: What is the initial diagnostic test for Osgood-Schlatter Disease?
Answer: Plain radiographs, MRI, Ultrasound
Q: What is the management for Osgood-Schlatter Disease?
Answer: Anti-inflammatory medication (ibuprofen), stretching, physical therapy, RICE, and
possibly surgery for persistent pain.
Q: What clinical assessments are included in the examination for scoliosis?
Answer: Gait assessment, Adams forward bend test, leg length discrepancy assessment,
strength of all four extremities, and neurologic assessments.
Q: What is the diagnostic test for scoliosis?
Answer: Plain radiographs measuring for Cobb angle.
Q: What is the management for scoliosis with a Cobb angle < 10 degrees?
Answer: Regular exercise for core strength, no further monitoring required.
Q: What is the management for scoliosis with a Cobb angle 11 to 20 degrees?
Answer: Follow-up radiographs every 4 to 12 months and exercise for core strength.
Q: What is the management for scoliosis with a Cobb angle 21 to 45 degrees?
,Answer: Bracing for 18 hours per day plus exercise for core strength.
Q: What is the management for scoliosis with a Cobb angle > 45 degrees?
Answer: Surgical correction.
Q: What are the characteristics of tension headaches?
Answer: Musculoskeletal origin, bilateral or unilateral, bandlike pressure, episodic (<180
days/year) or chronic (>180 days/year).
Q: What are the risk factors for migraines?
Answer: Family history, caffeine, barometric changes, female gender, obesity, stress, sleep
disorders.
Q: What are the symptoms of a sinus headache?
Answer: Associated with sinusitis, pressure in cheeks/forehead, stuffy nose, fatigue, pain worse
when bending forward.
Q: What are the characteristics of cluster headaches?
Answer: Unilateral around the eye, deep explosive pain, associated with ptosis, miosis,
lacrimation, swollen eyelid, and nasal discharge.
Q: What is a secondary headache?
Answer: A headache resulting from an underlying disease such as hemorrhage or giant cell
arteritis.
Q: What are some pharmacological management options for headaches/migraines?
, Answer: Headache diary, sleep hygiene, hydration, NSAIDs, triptans, tricyclic antidepressants,
stress management.
Q: What are the red flag symptoms for headaches?
Answer: SNOOP: Systemic signs (fever, malignancy), Neurologic symptoms (loss of
consciousness, seizure), new Onset in patients > 50, thunderclap Onset, Papilledema.
Q: How can traumatic brain injuries be classified?
Answer: As blunt, penetrating, or blast injuries based on the causative factor.
Q: What are the leading causes of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) in the United States?
Answer: Motor vehicle accidents (MVA), sports injuries, falls, and assaults.
Q: What is the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) range for a mild injury?
Answer: GCS 13-15.
Q: What GCS range indicates a moderate injury?
Answer: GCS 9-12.
Q: What GCS range indicates a severe injury?
Answer: GCS 3-9.
Q: Glasgow coma scale
Answer: Eye Opening (4-0)
Verbal Response (5-0)
Motor Response (6-0)
Max: 15 pts
