Genetics Exam 1 Study Guide Questions And Correct Answers

Genetics Exam 1 Study Guide Questions A
Answers




What cis ca cgene? c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔a cdistinct csequence cof cnucleotides cforming cpart cof ca cc
cwhich cdetermines cthe corder cof cmonomers cin ca cpolypeptide cor cnucleic cacid cmolecule cwhich ca
csynthesize.
unit cof cheredity cthat cis ctransferred cfrom ca cparent cto coffspring cand cis cheld cto cdetermine csome

Genome? c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Broad c- cA csingle ccopy cof call cof cthe cheritable cgenetic cmaterial
Narrow c- cA csingle ccopy cof call cof cthe cheritable cgenetic cmaterial cfound cin cthe cnucleus c(nuclear
genome) cof ca ceukaryotic corganisms ccell.

What cis cgenome csize cmeasure cin? c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔pg c(picograms)

What cis cthe cphysical cmap cmeasured cin? c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Mb c(megabases)

How cmany cpg c(picograms) cdoes cthe chuman cgenome chave? c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔about c3.2 cp

Non-coding cfeatures cof cgenes: c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔-TRNA c(Transfer cRNA)
-Ribosomal cRNA c(protein cstill cpresent, cbut cprotein's cfunction cis cto cprotect cthe cribosomal cRNA)

How cmany cchromosomes cdo chumans chave? c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔23!!!
-becomes c46 cafter creplication

What care cthe cseveral ctypes cof cgenomes? c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔1.) cEukaryotic
2.) cProkaryotic
3.) cEndosymbionts
4.) cHologenome

Endosymbionts c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ex: cmitochondria c& cchloroplast
-non-nuclear cgenome
-all ceukaryotic corganisms chave cendosymbionts

, q c= clong carm

Telomere c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔terminal

Metacentric cCentromere c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔equal

Submetacentric cCentromere c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔unequal

Acrocentric cCentromere c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔more cextreme cunequal

Telocentric c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Terminal

Holocentric c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Entire c(no ccentromere)

Chloroplast c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔-Single ccircular cchromosome
-about c150 ckb

Mitochondria c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔-Single ccircular cchromosome c
- cabout c15-60 ckb

Typical cplant cgenome c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔-Single c2 ccopies cof cnuclear cgenome
-multi ccopy cendosymbionts cgenomes
-3 cdistinct cgenomes

Common cgenome cfeatures c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔-Genes
-Retroelements
-DNA ctransposon
-Satellite cRepeats

Genes c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔-Protein ccoding
-Non cCoding

Retroelements c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔Makes cup cabout c60% cof cour cgenome c
-Line
-Gypsy
-Copia

DNA cTransposon c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔-Transposon
-Helitron

What care cTransposable cElements? c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔-Referred cto cas ca c"mobile cgenetic cel
-a cvery clarge cportion c(70-90%) cof cmany ceukaryotic cgenomes

Prokaryotes cand cTransposable cElements c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔- cdescribed cas c"insertional celem

Classes cof cTransposable cElements c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔-Class cI c(Retrotransposon)
-Class cII c(Transposon)
-Class cIII c(Helitrons)

Class cI cRetrotransposon c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔"Copy-Paste"
500-15kb
-Structures:
1.Heritable: c(integrase, creverse ctranscriptase, cRnaseH
2. cStructures: c(Primer cbinding csite, cpolypurine ctrack, cLTR c(Long cTerminal cRepeat)