Samenvatting
Inleiding in de Bedrijfskunde
,Inhoudsopgave
H1 Introductie en geschiedenis Bedrijfskunde ........................................................................................................ 4
1.1 Introductie en korte geschiedenis ................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 Bureaucratisch management .......................................................................................................................... 5
1.3 Scientific management .................................................................................................................................... 6
1.4 Human Relations ............................................................................................................................................. 7
1.5 Systeemtheorie................................................................................................................................................ 8
1.6 Netwerktheorie ............................................................................................................................................. 10
H2 Globalisering ...................................................................................................................................................... 12
2.1 Bedrijfsomgeving ........................................................................................................................................... 12
2.2 Technologische context ................................................................................................................................. 12
2.3 Politieke en economische context................................................................................................................. 13
2.4 Sociaal-culturele en ecologische context ...................................................................................................... 14
2.5 Globalisering .................................................................................................................................................. 15
2.6 Multinationals................................................................................................................................................ 17
H3 Institutionele kaders ......................................................................................................................................... 19
3.1 Wat zijn instituties ......................................................................................................................................... 19
3.2 Wat doen instituties ...................................................................................................................................... 19
3.3 Wat doen instituties? .................................................................................................................................... 20
3.4 Waar komen instituties vandaan? ................................................................................................................. 21
3.5 Instituties die zich snel ontwikkelen .............................................................................................................. 26
H4 Culturele kaders................................................................................................................................................. 28
4.1 Wat is cultuur?............................................................................................................................................... 28
4.2 Cultuurniveaus ............................................................................................................................................... 29
4.3 Cultuurdimensies van Hofstede .................................................................................................................... 31
4.4 Culturele interactie ........................................................................................................................................ 32
H5 Organisatie......................................................................................................................................................... 35
5.1 Waarom zijn er organisaties? ........................................................................................................................ 35
5.2 Waarom is er niet een grote organisatie? ..................................................................................................... 35
5.3 Wat is het doel van een organisatie? ............................................................................................................ 36
5.4 Hoe organiseren organisaties zich? ............................................................................................................... 39
5.5 Hoe structureren organisaties zich? .............................................................................................................. 41
H6 Internationale Organisatie ................................................................................................................................ 47
6.1 Internationale expansie ................................................................................................................................. 47
6.2 Locatiekeuze en toetredingsvorm ................................................................................................................. 50
6.3 Organisatie van de multinational .................................................................................................................. 54
H7 Entrepreneurs, eigenaren en managers ........................................................................................................... 59
H8 Bedrijfsethiek..................................................................................................................................................... 63
8.1 Inleiding ......................................................................................................................................................... 63
, 8.2 4 fases van bedrijfsethiek .............................................................................................................................. 63
H9 Stakeholders, CSR(MVO) & Sustainability ........................................................................................................ 65
9.1 Stakeholders .................................................................................................................................................. 65
9.2 CSR & Sustainability ....................................................................................................................................... 66
H10 Strategie ........................................................................................................................................................... 68
10.1 Wat is strategie? .......................................................................................................................................... 68
10.2 Approaches .................................................................................................................................................. 68
10.3 Prescriptie vs descriptie ............................................................................................................................... 70
10.4 Andere approaches...................................................................................................................................... 70
H11 Externe analyse ............................................................................................................................................... 71
11.1 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................................... 71
11.2 PESTEL/SEPTEmber analyse ......................................................................................................................... 71
11.3 Industry lifecycle .......................................................................................................................................... 71
11.3 Vijfkrachtenanalyse ..................................................................................................................................... 73
11.4 Stakeholderanalyse ..................................................................................................................................... 75
H12 Strategieformulering ....................................................................................................................................... 77
12.1 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................................... 77
12.2 Portfolio analyse(BCG Matrix) ..................................................................................................................... 77
12.3 SWOT Confrontatie analyse......................................................................................................................... 78
12.4 Generieke strategie(Porter)......................................................................................................................... 79
12.5 Strategy statements .................................................................................................................................... 80
H13 Global strategy & acquisitions ........................................................................................................................ 82
13.1 Global advantages ....................................................................................................................................... 82
13.2 Global strategies .......................................................................................................................................... 82
13.3 Hoe managen global firms hun overnames? (Managing acquisitions) ....................................................... 83
H14 Changing business in a changing context ....................................................................................................... 85
, H1 Introductie en geschiedenis Bedrijfskunde
1.1 Introductie en korte geschiedenis
De context(omgeving) van bedrijven deed er altijd al toe maar is de afgelopen tijd nog veel belangrijker
geworden, bij Inleiding in de Bedrijfskunde richten we ons op de context van organisaties en hoe we deze
kunnen analyseren en begrijpen. Hieronder is het framework om ons te helpen hierin, de kern bestaat uit ‘het
bedrijf’ zelf. We richten ons vooral op de organisatie en strategische context etc (de andere lagen).
Figuur Framework Bedrijfscontext
Korte geschiedenis over bedrijven(business thinking)
Het denken over bedrijven gebeurde in de context van belangrijke trends en gebeurtenissen in de geschiedenis
zoals de wereldoorlogen, de oprichting van OPAC, ‘the great depression’, globalisering, industrialisering en
digitalisatie. Hierdoor ontstonden andere ideeën over bedrijven en hoe deze werden gestructureerd.
Figuur Tijdlijn business thinking
Er zijn vijf modellen die door gebeurtenissen en ontwikkelingen in de geschiedenis zijn ontstaan en belangrijk
zijn geweest toentertijd en nu nog steeds een grote impact hebben op hoe wij denken over bedrijven.
• Bureaucratisch management
• Scientific management
• Human relations
• Systems theory
• Netwerk theory
Inleiding in de Bedrijfskunde
,Inhoudsopgave
H1 Introductie en geschiedenis Bedrijfskunde ........................................................................................................ 4
1.1 Introductie en korte geschiedenis ................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 Bureaucratisch management .......................................................................................................................... 5
1.3 Scientific management .................................................................................................................................... 6
1.4 Human Relations ............................................................................................................................................. 7
1.5 Systeemtheorie................................................................................................................................................ 8
1.6 Netwerktheorie ............................................................................................................................................. 10
H2 Globalisering ...................................................................................................................................................... 12
2.1 Bedrijfsomgeving ........................................................................................................................................... 12
2.2 Technologische context ................................................................................................................................. 12
2.3 Politieke en economische context................................................................................................................. 13
2.4 Sociaal-culturele en ecologische context ...................................................................................................... 14
2.5 Globalisering .................................................................................................................................................. 15
2.6 Multinationals................................................................................................................................................ 17
H3 Institutionele kaders ......................................................................................................................................... 19
3.1 Wat zijn instituties ......................................................................................................................................... 19
3.2 Wat doen instituties ...................................................................................................................................... 19
3.3 Wat doen instituties? .................................................................................................................................... 20
3.4 Waar komen instituties vandaan? ................................................................................................................. 21
3.5 Instituties die zich snel ontwikkelen .............................................................................................................. 26
H4 Culturele kaders................................................................................................................................................. 28
4.1 Wat is cultuur?............................................................................................................................................... 28
4.2 Cultuurniveaus ............................................................................................................................................... 29
4.3 Cultuurdimensies van Hofstede .................................................................................................................... 31
4.4 Culturele interactie ........................................................................................................................................ 32
H5 Organisatie......................................................................................................................................................... 35
5.1 Waarom zijn er organisaties? ........................................................................................................................ 35
5.2 Waarom is er niet een grote organisatie? ..................................................................................................... 35
5.3 Wat is het doel van een organisatie? ............................................................................................................ 36
5.4 Hoe organiseren organisaties zich? ............................................................................................................... 39
5.5 Hoe structureren organisaties zich? .............................................................................................................. 41
H6 Internationale Organisatie ................................................................................................................................ 47
6.1 Internationale expansie ................................................................................................................................. 47
6.2 Locatiekeuze en toetredingsvorm ................................................................................................................. 50
6.3 Organisatie van de multinational .................................................................................................................. 54
H7 Entrepreneurs, eigenaren en managers ........................................................................................................... 59
H8 Bedrijfsethiek..................................................................................................................................................... 63
8.1 Inleiding ......................................................................................................................................................... 63
, 8.2 4 fases van bedrijfsethiek .............................................................................................................................. 63
H9 Stakeholders, CSR(MVO) & Sustainability ........................................................................................................ 65
9.1 Stakeholders .................................................................................................................................................. 65
9.2 CSR & Sustainability ....................................................................................................................................... 66
H10 Strategie ........................................................................................................................................................... 68
10.1 Wat is strategie? .......................................................................................................................................... 68
10.2 Approaches .................................................................................................................................................. 68
10.3 Prescriptie vs descriptie ............................................................................................................................... 70
10.4 Andere approaches...................................................................................................................................... 70
H11 Externe analyse ............................................................................................................................................... 71
11.1 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................................... 71
11.2 PESTEL/SEPTEmber analyse ......................................................................................................................... 71
11.3 Industry lifecycle .......................................................................................................................................... 71
11.3 Vijfkrachtenanalyse ..................................................................................................................................... 73
11.4 Stakeholderanalyse ..................................................................................................................................... 75
H12 Strategieformulering ....................................................................................................................................... 77
12.1 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................................... 77
12.2 Portfolio analyse(BCG Matrix) ..................................................................................................................... 77
12.3 SWOT Confrontatie analyse......................................................................................................................... 78
12.4 Generieke strategie(Porter)......................................................................................................................... 79
12.5 Strategy statements .................................................................................................................................... 80
H13 Global strategy & acquisitions ........................................................................................................................ 82
13.1 Global advantages ....................................................................................................................................... 82
13.2 Global strategies .......................................................................................................................................... 82
13.3 Hoe managen global firms hun overnames? (Managing acquisitions) ....................................................... 83
H14 Changing business in a changing context ....................................................................................................... 85
, H1 Introductie en geschiedenis Bedrijfskunde
1.1 Introductie en korte geschiedenis
De context(omgeving) van bedrijven deed er altijd al toe maar is de afgelopen tijd nog veel belangrijker
geworden, bij Inleiding in de Bedrijfskunde richten we ons op de context van organisaties en hoe we deze
kunnen analyseren en begrijpen. Hieronder is het framework om ons te helpen hierin, de kern bestaat uit ‘het
bedrijf’ zelf. We richten ons vooral op de organisatie en strategische context etc (de andere lagen).
Figuur Framework Bedrijfscontext
Korte geschiedenis over bedrijven(business thinking)
Het denken over bedrijven gebeurde in de context van belangrijke trends en gebeurtenissen in de geschiedenis
zoals de wereldoorlogen, de oprichting van OPAC, ‘the great depression’, globalisering, industrialisering en
digitalisatie. Hierdoor ontstonden andere ideeën over bedrijven en hoe deze werden gestructureerd.
Figuur Tijdlijn business thinking
Er zijn vijf modellen die door gebeurtenissen en ontwikkelingen in de geschiedenis zijn ontstaan en belangrijk
zijn geweest toentertijd en nu nog steeds een grote impact hebben op hoe wij denken over bedrijven.
• Bureaucratisch management
• Scientific management
• Human relations
• Systems theory
• Netwerk theory
