Nurs-6501 - Advanced Patho- Chapter
5
What is incidence rate? - answer number of new cases of a disease during a specific
period divided by the number of individuals in the population
What is prevalence rate? - answer Proportion of the population affected by a disease at
a specific point in time
What is relative risk? - answer Ratio of the incidence rate of disease among individuals
exposed to a risk factor divided by incidence rate of those not exposed to a risk factor
What influences the risk of aquiring a common disease? - answerAge, gender, diet,
exercise, and family history
What are polygenic traits? - answer traits controlled by two or more genes
What is multifactorial inheritance? - answerTraits controlled by the additive effect of
many genes plus the environment
What are quantitative traits? - answercontinuous values, influenced by many genes and
environment
What is an example of a quantitative trait? - answerBlood pressure
What are examples that correspond to the liability model? - answerPyloric stenosis,
neural tube defects, cl/p, and congenital heart disease
What are empirical risks? - answerrisks based on direct observation of data
What criteria is used to define multifactorial inheritance? - answerHigher recurrence risk
if more than a family member is affected
Higher recurrence risk if expression of disease is severe
Higher recurrencerisk if in less commonly affected sex
Rapid decrease in recurrence risk in remotely related relatives
Can traits be influenced by only genes and only the environment? - answerYes, but
most are influenced by both
What are two research strategies used to estimate the relative influence of genes and
environment lifestyle? - answerTwin studies
Adoption studies
5
What is incidence rate? - answer number of new cases of a disease during a specific
period divided by the number of individuals in the population
What is prevalence rate? - answer Proportion of the population affected by a disease at
a specific point in time
What is relative risk? - answer Ratio of the incidence rate of disease among individuals
exposed to a risk factor divided by incidence rate of those not exposed to a risk factor
What influences the risk of aquiring a common disease? - answerAge, gender, diet,
exercise, and family history
What are polygenic traits? - answer traits controlled by two or more genes
What is multifactorial inheritance? - answerTraits controlled by the additive effect of
many genes plus the environment
What are quantitative traits? - answercontinuous values, influenced by many genes and
environment
What is an example of a quantitative trait? - answerBlood pressure
What are examples that correspond to the liability model? - answerPyloric stenosis,
neural tube defects, cl/p, and congenital heart disease
What are empirical risks? - answerrisks based on direct observation of data
What criteria is used to define multifactorial inheritance? - answerHigher recurrence risk
if more than a family member is affected
Higher recurrence risk if expression of disease is severe
Higher recurrencerisk if in less commonly affected sex
Rapid decrease in recurrence risk in remotely related relatives
Can traits be influenced by only genes and only the environment? - answerYes, but
most are influenced by both
What are two research strategies used to estimate the relative influence of genes and
environment lifestyle? - answerTwin studies
Adoption studies
