Nurs-6501- Advanced Patho - Chapter
1
What is cell differentiation? - answer The process in which cells become specialized.
What are the cellular functions? - answer movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption,
secretion, excretion, respiration, reproduction, communication
What are the general components of eukaryotic cells? - answer Plasma Membrane
Cytoplasm
Intracellular Organelles
What is the function of the nucleus? - answer cell division and control of genetic
information
Where is the nucleus located? - answer center of the cell
What is cytoplasm? - answer fluid inside the cell
Where are the intracellular organelles found? - answer IN the cytoplasm surrounded by
biologic membranes
What is the endoplasmic reticulum? - answera network of membranous tubules within
the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane.
What is the function of the Endoplasmic Reticulum? - answerModifies, packages, and
transports proteins
What organelle is responsible for protein folding? - answerEndoplasmic Reticulum
What is the golgi complex? - answerA network of flattened membrane sacs
What is the function of the Golgi complex? - answermodifies, sorts, packages,
transports proteins from the ER
What are lysosomes? - answersmall organelles filled with enzymes
What is the function of lysosomes? - answerdigestion
What are the pathways of degradation in lysosomes? - answerEndocytosis
Phagocytosis
, Macropinocytosis
Autophagy
What is the mitochondria? - answerPowerhouse of the cell
What are the functions of mitochondria? - answerto carry out cellular respiration, to give
cell usable energy in the form of ATP
What are the functions of cytosol? - answer(1) Intermediary metabolism involving
enzymatic biochemical reactions
(2) Ribosomal protein synthesis- takes place in free ribosomes in the cytosol.
(3) Storage
What is the cytoskeleton? - answera network of fibers extending throughout the
cytoplasm
What is the plasma membrane? - answerthe boundary that separates the living cell from
its surroundings
What are the functions of the plasma membrane? - answerphysical isolation, regulation
of exchange with the environment, sensitivity to the environment, structural support
What is the composition of the plasma membrane? - answerlipids, proteins, and
carbohydrates
What is a protein? - answerchain of amino acids
What is a polypeptide? - answerchain of amino acids
What are methods of protein transport? - answerProtein Translocation
Gated Transport
Vesicular Transport
What is proteostasis? - answerMaintenance of cellular protein activity
What are ligands? - answermolecules that bind to receptors
What is cell to cell adhesion? - answerCells combine together to form tissues and
organs
What are the methods of cell to cell adhesions? - answerExtraceullar Membrane
Cell Adhesion Molecules
Specialized Cell Junctions
What fibers are found in the extracellular matrix? - answerCollagen
Elastin
1
What is cell differentiation? - answer The process in which cells become specialized.
What are the cellular functions? - answer movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption,
secretion, excretion, respiration, reproduction, communication
What are the general components of eukaryotic cells? - answer Plasma Membrane
Cytoplasm
Intracellular Organelles
What is the function of the nucleus? - answer cell division and control of genetic
information
Where is the nucleus located? - answer center of the cell
What is cytoplasm? - answer fluid inside the cell
Where are the intracellular organelles found? - answer IN the cytoplasm surrounded by
biologic membranes
What is the endoplasmic reticulum? - answera network of membranous tubules within
the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane.
What is the function of the Endoplasmic Reticulum? - answerModifies, packages, and
transports proteins
What organelle is responsible for protein folding? - answerEndoplasmic Reticulum
What is the golgi complex? - answerA network of flattened membrane sacs
What is the function of the Golgi complex? - answermodifies, sorts, packages,
transports proteins from the ER
What are lysosomes? - answersmall organelles filled with enzymes
What is the function of lysosomes? - answerdigestion
What are the pathways of degradation in lysosomes? - answerEndocytosis
Phagocytosis
, Macropinocytosis
Autophagy
What is the mitochondria? - answerPowerhouse of the cell
What are the functions of mitochondria? - answerto carry out cellular respiration, to give
cell usable energy in the form of ATP
What are the functions of cytosol? - answer(1) Intermediary metabolism involving
enzymatic biochemical reactions
(2) Ribosomal protein synthesis- takes place in free ribosomes in the cytosol.
(3) Storage
What is the cytoskeleton? - answera network of fibers extending throughout the
cytoplasm
What is the plasma membrane? - answerthe boundary that separates the living cell from
its surroundings
What are the functions of the plasma membrane? - answerphysical isolation, regulation
of exchange with the environment, sensitivity to the environment, structural support
What is the composition of the plasma membrane? - answerlipids, proteins, and
carbohydrates
What is a protein? - answerchain of amino acids
What is a polypeptide? - answerchain of amino acids
What are methods of protein transport? - answerProtein Translocation
Gated Transport
Vesicular Transport
What is proteostasis? - answerMaintenance of cellular protein activity
What are ligands? - answermolecules that bind to receptors
What is cell to cell adhesion? - answerCells combine together to form tissues and
organs
What are the methods of cell to cell adhesions? - answerExtraceullar Membrane
Cell Adhesion Molecules
Specialized Cell Junctions
What fibers are found in the extracellular matrix? - answerCollagen
Elastin
