NR 602 Week 4 Midterm Exam 2025|
Actual Complete Questions and Verified
Answers and Explanations for
Guaranteed Pass
1. Role-play with equipment during the course of a physical examination would be
most beneficial with which of the following groups?
a) Adolescents
b) Preschoolers
c) Infants
d) Toddlers
Correct Answer: b) Preschoolers
Explanation: Role-playing with equipment, such as letting a child handle a stethoscope,
helps reduce fear and increase cooperation in preschoolers, who are developing
imagination and can engage in such activities.
2. What is the Ortolani Sign?
a) A click felt when adducting the hip
b) A click felt when abducting the hip
c) Pain during hip rotation
d) Limited hip extension
Correct Answer: b) A click felt when abducting the hip
Explanation: The Ortolani sign is a physical finding in developmental dysplasia of the
hip, where a palpable "clunk" or click is felt when abducting the hip as a dislocated
femoral head reduces into the acetabulum.
3. When performing a physical examination of a toddler, which of the following body
parts would you examine last?
a) Heart
b) Ears
c) Abdomen
d) Lungs
Correct Answer: b) Ears
Explanation: Toddlers often find ear examinations invasive and uncomfortable.
Examining less invasive areas like the heart or abdomen first helps build trust and
cooperation.
4. What are three findings using Jones criteria for Rheumatic Fever?
a) Fever, rash, and joint swelling
, b) Carditis, polyarthritis, and chorea
c) Chest pain, fatigue, and murmur
d) Sore throat, headache, and erythema
Correct Answer: b) Carditis, polyarthritis, and chorea
Explanation: The Jones criteria for diagnosing rheumatic fever include major
manifestations like carditis, polyarthritis, and Sydenham’s chorea, along with minor
criteria and evidence of streptococcal infection.
5. While examining a 4-month-old boy, you are unable to palpate one of his testes. The
next most appropriate step is:
a) Order an ultrasound
b) Refer to a urologist
c) Reassess in 2 months
d) Perform a surgical exploration
Correct Answer: a) Order an ultrasound
Explanation: An undescended testis (cryptorchidism) in a 4-month-old warrants an
ultrasound to locate the testis and assess for associated abnormalities before considering
referral or surgery.
6. Concurrent Otitis media and Conjunctivitis is likely due to which organism?
a) Streptococcus pneumoniae
b) Haemophilus influenzae
c) Moraxella catarrhalis
d) Staphylococcus aureus
Correct Answer: b) Haemophilus influenzae
Explanation: The combination of otitis media and conjunctivitis (otitis-conjunctivitis
syndrome) is classically associated with non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae.
7. What is the appropriate management of a child with asthma who presents with
acute wheezing and/or coughing?
a) Oral corticosteroids only
b) Inhaled albuterol and corticosteroids
c) Antibiotics and antihistamines
d) Inhaled albuterol alone
Correct Answer: b) Inhaled albuterol and corticosteroids
Explanation: Acute asthma exacerbations are managed with inhaled short-acting beta-
agonists (albuterol) for bronchodilation and corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.
8. Sandra, age 12 years, has several vesicles and honey-colored crusted lesions on her
face above the right nares. She has a history of having a bad scratch in the same
area several days ago. What condition do you suspect?
a) Impetigo
b) Herpes simplex virus
c) Contact dermatitis
d) Folliculitis
, Correct Answer: a) Impetigo
Explanation: Honey-colored crusted lesions following a scratch are characteristic of
impetigo, a bacterial skin infection often caused by Staphylococcus aureus or
Streptococcus pyogenes.
9. The most appropriate management of a 5-year-old with a firm nontender nodule in
the mid-upper eyelid for 3 weeks would be:
a) Surgical excision
b) Topical antibiotics
c) Warm compresses
d) Oral antibiotics
Correct Answer: c) Warm compresses
Explanation: A firm, nontender eyelid nodule is likely a chalazion, which is best
managed initially with conservative measures like warm compresses to promote drainage.
10. A 10-month-old child has been diagnosed with gastroenteritis. He attends a child
care facility. What is the most likely cause of illness?
a) Salmonella
b) Rotavirus
c) Escherichia coli
d) Shigella
Correct Answer: b) Rotavirus
Explanation: Rotavirus is a common cause of gastroenteritis in young children,
especially in child care settings, where it spreads easily.
11. If a child or any patient describes a “pop” in the knee. What is this indicative of?
a) Meniscal tear
b) Patellar dislocation
c) Ligament injury
d) Osteoarthritis
Correct Answer: c) Ligament injury
Explanation: A “pop” in the knee often indicates an acute ligament injury, such as an
anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear, especially during sudden movements.
12. A 7-year-old African American female presents with several hyperkeratotic raised,
periungual lesions on the two middle fingers of her left hand. She has a history of
nail biting. The most likely diagnosis is:
a) Psoriasis
b) Warts
c) Eczema
d) Lichen planus
Correct Answer: b) Warts
Explanation: Hyperkeratotic periungual lesions in a child with a history of nail biting are
most likely warts, caused by human papillomavirus (HPV).
Actual Complete Questions and Verified
Answers and Explanations for
Guaranteed Pass
1. Role-play with equipment during the course of a physical examination would be
most beneficial with which of the following groups?
a) Adolescents
b) Preschoolers
c) Infants
d) Toddlers
Correct Answer: b) Preschoolers
Explanation: Role-playing with equipment, such as letting a child handle a stethoscope,
helps reduce fear and increase cooperation in preschoolers, who are developing
imagination and can engage in such activities.
2. What is the Ortolani Sign?
a) A click felt when adducting the hip
b) A click felt when abducting the hip
c) Pain during hip rotation
d) Limited hip extension
Correct Answer: b) A click felt when abducting the hip
Explanation: The Ortolani sign is a physical finding in developmental dysplasia of the
hip, where a palpable "clunk" or click is felt when abducting the hip as a dislocated
femoral head reduces into the acetabulum.
3. When performing a physical examination of a toddler, which of the following body
parts would you examine last?
a) Heart
b) Ears
c) Abdomen
d) Lungs
Correct Answer: b) Ears
Explanation: Toddlers often find ear examinations invasive and uncomfortable.
Examining less invasive areas like the heart or abdomen first helps build trust and
cooperation.
4. What are three findings using Jones criteria for Rheumatic Fever?
a) Fever, rash, and joint swelling
, b) Carditis, polyarthritis, and chorea
c) Chest pain, fatigue, and murmur
d) Sore throat, headache, and erythema
Correct Answer: b) Carditis, polyarthritis, and chorea
Explanation: The Jones criteria for diagnosing rheumatic fever include major
manifestations like carditis, polyarthritis, and Sydenham’s chorea, along with minor
criteria and evidence of streptococcal infection.
5. While examining a 4-month-old boy, you are unable to palpate one of his testes. The
next most appropriate step is:
a) Order an ultrasound
b) Refer to a urologist
c) Reassess in 2 months
d) Perform a surgical exploration
Correct Answer: a) Order an ultrasound
Explanation: An undescended testis (cryptorchidism) in a 4-month-old warrants an
ultrasound to locate the testis and assess for associated abnormalities before considering
referral or surgery.
6. Concurrent Otitis media and Conjunctivitis is likely due to which organism?
a) Streptococcus pneumoniae
b) Haemophilus influenzae
c) Moraxella catarrhalis
d) Staphylococcus aureus
Correct Answer: b) Haemophilus influenzae
Explanation: The combination of otitis media and conjunctivitis (otitis-conjunctivitis
syndrome) is classically associated with non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae.
7. What is the appropriate management of a child with asthma who presents with
acute wheezing and/or coughing?
a) Oral corticosteroids only
b) Inhaled albuterol and corticosteroids
c) Antibiotics and antihistamines
d) Inhaled albuterol alone
Correct Answer: b) Inhaled albuterol and corticosteroids
Explanation: Acute asthma exacerbations are managed with inhaled short-acting beta-
agonists (albuterol) for bronchodilation and corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.
8. Sandra, age 12 years, has several vesicles and honey-colored crusted lesions on her
face above the right nares. She has a history of having a bad scratch in the same
area several days ago. What condition do you suspect?
a) Impetigo
b) Herpes simplex virus
c) Contact dermatitis
d) Folliculitis
, Correct Answer: a) Impetigo
Explanation: Honey-colored crusted lesions following a scratch are characteristic of
impetigo, a bacterial skin infection often caused by Staphylococcus aureus or
Streptococcus pyogenes.
9. The most appropriate management of a 5-year-old with a firm nontender nodule in
the mid-upper eyelid for 3 weeks would be:
a) Surgical excision
b) Topical antibiotics
c) Warm compresses
d) Oral antibiotics
Correct Answer: c) Warm compresses
Explanation: A firm, nontender eyelid nodule is likely a chalazion, which is best
managed initially with conservative measures like warm compresses to promote drainage.
10. A 10-month-old child has been diagnosed with gastroenteritis. He attends a child
care facility. What is the most likely cause of illness?
a) Salmonella
b) Rotavirus
c) Escherichia coli
d) Shigella
Correct Answer: b) Rotavirus
Explanation: Rotavirus is a common cause of gastroenteritis in young children,
especially in child care settings, where it spreads easily.
11. If a child or any patient describes a “pop” in the knee. What is this indicative of?
a) Meniscal tear
b) Patellar dislocation
c) Ligament injury
d) Osteoarthritis
Correct Answer: c) Ligament injury
Explanation: A “pop” in the knee often indicates an acute ligament injury, such as an
anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear, especially during sudden movements.
12. A 7-year-old African American female presents with several hyperkeratotic raised,
periungual lesions on the two middle fingers of her left hand. She has a history of
nail biting. The most likely diagnosis is:
a) Psoriasis
b) Warts
c) Eczema
d) Lichen planus
Correct Answer: b) Warts
Explanation: Hyperkeratotic periungual lesions in a child with a history of nail biting are
most likely warts, caused by human papillomavirus (HPV).
