1
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM NEWEST VERSION -
2025/2026- 100+ Q AND ANS MOST POPULAR EXAMS
GUARANTEED SUCCESS
When myocardial cells are injured, the function of the Na-K membrane pump may
be impaired. Which of the following may then result?
a.intracellular sodium will increase
b. extracellular potassium will decrease
c. cell volume will decrease
d. all of the above
A
Mr. Forbes is being prepared for open heart surgery when he suffers a myocardial
infarction in which a large part of his left ventricle has suffered lethal cell injury.
What level of prevention is a blood pressure screening program for high school
students who are pregnant?
a. primary
b. secondary
c. tertiary
B
Mr. Forbes' CPK-MB and LDH1, enzymes associated with myocardial cells, are
significantly elevated. What is the best explanation for this?
a. It is a sign that necrotic myocardial cells have released their cytoplasmic
contents into the blood.
b. It is a sign of reversible fatty accumulation in the myocardial cells
, 2
c. It is a sign that the myocardial cells are undergoing hypertrophy.
d. None of the above.
A
Which of the following is(are) true about "symptoms"?
a. objective and measurable
b. the same as "signs"
c. both of the above
d. neither of the above
D
In 1992, there were 980 deaths in a Midwestern city with a population of
1,000,000. At the beginning of that year, 900 cases of AIDS existed in this
population. During the year, 250 new cases of AIDS were diagnosed, and 75
people died of the disease in 1992.
Using the data given above, what was the incidence rate (per 100,000 population)
at the end of 1992 for AIDS?
a. 6
b. 25
c. 88
d. 116
B
Mr. Forbes complains of "indigestion" and becomes sweaty and pale. His wife
takes him to the Emergency Department at Northwestern Memorial Hospital. A
cardiac catheterization 2 days later shows partial blockage of his right coronary
artery (RCA).
, 3
Blockage of the right coronary artery can lead to myocardial cell injury because it
results in which of the following?
a. bilirubin accumulation in myocardial cells
b. alteration in the genetic material of myocardial cells
c. reduced energy production in myocardial cells
d. activation of the complement system
C
If a tissue specimen of myocardial cells were obtained for examination from Mr.
Forbes, which of the following findings would indicate irreversible cell injury?
a. cellular swelling
b. decreased ATP production
c. decreased intracellular calcium
d. dissolution of nuclear material
D
The accumulation of lactic acid that occurs with impaired energy production
results from which of the following?
a. increased intracellular glucose
b. increased anaerobic metabolism
c. decreased metabolic rate
d. increased oxidative phosphorylation
B
A mountain climber is stranded at 23,000 feet in the Swiss Alps and has lost all his
equipment and supplies in an avalanche. Subsequently, he suffers cell injury due
to impaired ATP production. The reason for the decrease in ATP is which of the
following?
, 4
a. enzyme inhibition
b. uncoupling
c. hypoxia
d. none of the above
C
An elderly patient develops an obstruction in his left middle cerebral artery. The
brain tissue supplied by this artery becomes hypoxic. The best explanation for this
is which of the following?
a. the obstruction results in decreased blood flow
b. the obstruction results in decreased hemoglobin in the blood
c. while blood flow stays the same, the obstruction reduces oxygen content in the
blood
d. none of the above explain the reason for the hypoxia
A
Increased mobilization and delivery of free fatty acids to liver cells can result in fat
accumulation. Which of the following problems results in increased mobilization
of free fatty acids?
a. anemia
b. hepatic toxins
c. starvation
d. hypoxia
C
Generalized hypoxia results in a switch to anaerobic metabolism in cells.
Anaerobic metabolism results in which of the following?
a. decreased lactic acid inside cells
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM NEWEST VERSION -
2025/2026- 100+ Q AND ANS MOST POPULAR EXAMS
GUARANTEED SUCCESS
When myocardial cells are injured, the function of the Na-K membrane pump may
be impaired. Which of the following may then result?
a.intracellular sodium will increase
b. extracellular potassium will decrease
c. cell volume will decrease
d. all of the above
A
Mr. Forbes is being prepared for open heart surgery when he suffers a myocardial
infarction in which a large part of his left ventricle has suffered lethal cell injury.
What level of prevention is a blood pressure screening program for high school
students who are pregnant?
a. primary
b. secondary
c. tertiary
B
Mr. Forbes' CPK-MB and LDH1, enzymes associated with myocardial cells, are
significantly elevated. What is the best explanation for this?
a. It is a sign that necrotic myocardial cells have released their cytoplasmic
contents into the blood.
b. It is a sign of reversible fatty accumulation in the myocardial cells
, 2
c. It is a sign that the myocardial cells are undergoing hypertrophy.
d. None of the above.
A
Which of the following is(are) true about "symptoms"?
a. objective and measurable
b. the same as "signs"
c. both of the above
d. neither of the above
D
In 1992, there were 980 deaths in a Midwestern city with a population of
1,000,000. At the beginning of that year, 900 cases of AIDS existed in this
population. During the year, 250 new cases of AIDS were diagnosed, and 75
people died of the disease in 1992.
Using the data given above, what was the incidence rate (per 100,000 population)
at the end of 1992 for AIDS?
a. 6
b. 25
c. 88
d. 116
B
Mr. Forbes complains of "indigestion" and becomes sweaty and pale. His wife
takes him to the Emergency Department at Northwestern Memorial Hospital. A
cardiac catheterization 2 days later shows partial blockage of his right coronary
artery (RCA).
, 3
Blockage of the right coronary artery can lead to myocardial cell injury because it
results in which of the following?
a. bilirubin accumulation in myocardial cells
b. alteration in the genetic material of myocardial cells
c. reduced energy production in myocardial cells
d. activation of the complement system
C
If a tissue specimen of myocardial cells were obtained for examination from Mr.
Forbes, which of the following findings would indicate irreversible cell injury?
a. cellular swelling
b. decreased ATP production
c. decreased intracellular calcium
d. dissolution of nuclear material
D
The accumulation of lactic acid that occurs with impaired energy production
results from which of the following?
a. increased intracellular glucose
b. increased anaerobic metabolism
c. decreased metabolic rate
d. increased oxidative phosphorylation
B
A mountain climber is stranded at 23,000 feet in the Swiss Alps and has lost all his
equipment and supplies in an avalanche. Subsequently, he suffers cell injury due
to impaired ATP production. The reason for the decrease in ATP is which of the
following?
, 4
a. enzyme inhibition
b. uncoupling
c. hypoxia
d. none of the above
C
An elderly patient develops an obstruction in his left middle cerebral artery. The
brain tissue supplied by this artery becomes hypoxic. The best explanation for this
is which of the following?
a. the obstruction results in decreased blood flow
b. the obstruction results in decreased hemoglobin in the blood
c. while blood flow stays the same, the obstruction reduces oxygen content in the
blood
d. none of the above explain the reason for the hypoxia
A
Increased mobilization and delivery of free fatty acids to liver cells can result in fat
accumulation. Which of the following problems results in increased mobilization
of free fatty acids?
a. anemia
b. hepatic toxins
c. starvation
d. hypoxia
C
Generalized hypoxia results in a switch to anaerobic metabolism in cells.
Anaerobic metabolism results in which of the following?
a. decreased lactic acid inside cells
