9/11/25, 11:25 PM Cardiology Nursing 1 Humber Final EXAM Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions |Questions with Correct Answers 2025 l…
Cardiology Nursing 1 Humber Final EXAM
Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions
|Questions with Correct Answers 2025 latest
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Terms in this set (302)
regular rhythm
Set by SA node at 60 to 100
bpm
sinus rhythm P waves normal
normal qrs
PR 0.12 - 0.2
normal qrs less than 0.10
wide qrs is greater than 0.12
100-160 bpm
SA node
Sinus Tachycardia
reduced time for ventricle filling
assess for SOB or chest pain
more prone to arrhythmia
a prolonged QT interval
normal electrical activity, providing synchrony
NSR reflects the heart's
between the atria and the ventricles.
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Sinus tachycardia occurs sinus node discharges impulses too fast (100 - 160
when the beats/minute). All other parameters are normal
Normal response of heart in certain circumstances
(for example exercise)
•Begins and ends gradually in contrast to other
tachycardias
•Usually benign arrhythmia that goes away when
underlying cause is treated
•Common causes: Anxiety, hypoxia, hypovolemia,
Facts about sinus
hypotension, heart failure, pain, drugs that increase
tachycardia
sympathetic tone (epinephrine, norepinephrine,
dopamine, dobutamine, isoproterenol, nitroprusside),
and drugs that decrease parasympathetic tone
(atropine)
•Persistent sinus tachycardia may result in decreased
cardiac output due to a decrease in stroke volume.
Cardiac output = stroke volume ×heart rate. A
decrease in either stroke volume or heart rate may
result in a decrease in cardiac output.
the sinus node discharges
Sinus bradycardia occurs impulses too slow (40 - 60
when beats/minute). All other
parameters are normal.
regular rhythm, rate 40-60 bpm
Normal p waves
Sinus bradycardia features
PR interval normal 0.12 to 0.2
QRS normal less than 0.1
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Normal response of heart in certain circumstances
(for example relaxation, sleep)
•Most common arrhythmia associated with acute
inferior wall myocardial infarction
•Other causes: Reperfusion rhythm following
myocardial reperfusion procedures (thrombolytic
administration, angioplasty); vagal stimulation; sleep
Facts about sinus
apnea; hyperkalemia; increased intracranial pressure;
bradycardia
disease of SA node; and administration of drugs, such
as digitalis, calcium channel blockers, and beta
blockers
•Persistent bradycardia may result in decreased
cardiac output due to a decrease in heart rate.
Cardiac output = stroke volume ×heart rate. A
decrease in either stroke volume or heart rate may
result in a decrease in cardiac output.
No treatment is necessary if patient is asymptomatic.
•Symptomatic bradycardia is initially treated with
Treatment of sinus oxygen and atropine IV push. If unsuccessful, external
bradycardia pacing or transvenous pacing may be used.
•Chronic sinus bradycardia may require a permanent
pacemaker.
the sinus node discharges impulses irregularly. The
Sinus arrhythmia occurs
heart rate may be normal range or slow. All other
when
parameters are normal.
irregular rhythm
rate normal or slow
Sinus arrhythmia ECG
P waves normal
features
PR interval normal 0.12 to 0.20
QRS normal less than 0.1
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Normal phenomenon usually associated with phases
of respiration (heart rate increases with inspiration and
decreases with expiration)
•Most commonly observed in infants, children, and
young adults, although it may occur in any age-group
Facts about sinus
arrhythmia •Frequently occurs along with sinus bradycardia, in
which case it is usually called sinus arrhythmia with a
bradycardic rate
•Treatment: Does not require intervention unless
accompanied by symptomatic bradycardia (follow
symptomatic bradycardia protocols)
A broad term used to describe a sudden pause in the
basic rhythm with one or more missing beats; two
Sinus pause rhythms fall under this category:
Sinus arrest and Sinus exit block
SA node fails to initiate impulse; represents a problem
sinus arrest with SA node automaticity; basic rhythm does not
resume on time following pause.
SA node initiates impulse, but impulse is blocked as it
exits SA node; represents a problem with SA node
Sinus exit block
conductivity; basic rhythm resumes on time following
pause.
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Cardiology Nursing 1 Humber Final EXAM
Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions
|Questions with Correct Answers 2025 latest
update!!
Save
Terms in this set (302)
regular rhythm
Set by SA node at 60 to 100
bpm
sinus rhythm P waves normal
normal qrs
PR 0.12 - 0.2
normal qrs less than 0.10
wide qrs is greater than 0.12
100-160 bpm
SA node
Sinus Tachycardia
reduced time for ventricle filling
assess for SOB or chest pain
more prone to arrhythmia
a prolonged QT interval
normal electrical activity, providing synchrony
NSR reflects the heart's
between the atria and the ventricles.
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,9/11/25, 11:25 PM Cardiology Nursing 1 Humber Final EXAM Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions |Questions with Correct Answers 2025 l…
Sinus tachycardia occurs sinus node discharges impulses too fast (100 - 160
when the beats/minute). All other parameters are normal
Normal response of heart in certain circumstances
(for example exercise)
•Begins and ends gradually in contrast to other
tachycardias
•Usually benign arrhythmia that goes away when
underlying cause is treated
•Common causes: Anxiety, hypoxia, hypovolemia,
Facts about sinus
hypotension, heart failure, pain, drugs that increase
tachycardia
sympathetic tone (epinephrine, norepinephrine,
dopamine, dobutamine, isoproterenol, nitroprusside),
and drugs that decrease parasympathetic tone
(atropine)
•Persistent sinus tachycardia may result in decreased
cardiac output due to a decrease in stroke volume.
Cardiac output = stroke volume ×heart rate. A
decrease in either stroke volume or heart rate may
result in a decrease in cardiac output.
the sinus node discharges
Sinus bradycardia occurs impulses too slow (40 - 60
when beats/minute). All other
parameters are normal.
regular rhythm, rate 40-60 bpm
Normal p waves
Sinus bradycardia features
PR interval normal 0.12 to 0.2
QRS normal less than 0.1
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Normal response of heart in certain circumstances
(for example relaxation, sleep)
•Most common arrhythmia associated with acute
inferior wall myocardial infarction
•Other causes: Reperfusion rhythm following
myocardial reperfusion procedures (thrombolytic
administration, angioplasty); vagal stimulation; sleep
Facts about sinus
apnea; hyperkalemia; increased intracranial pressure;
bradycardia
disease of SA node; and administration of drugs, such
as digitalis, calcium channel blockers, and beta
blockers
•Persistent bradycardia may result in decreased
cardiac output due to a decrease in heart rate.
Cardiac output = stroke volume ×heart rate. A
decrease in either stroke volume or heart rate may
result in a decrease in cardiac output.
No treatment is necessary if patient is asymptomatic.
•Symptomatic bradycardia is initially treated with
Treatment of sinus oxygen and atropine IV push. If unsuccessful, external
bradycardia pacing or transvenous pacing may be used.
•Chronic sinus bradycardia may require a permanent
pacemaker.
the sinus node discharges impulses irregularly. The
Sinus arrhythmia occurs
heart rate may be normal range or slow. All other
when
parameters are normal.
irregular rhythm
rate normal or slow
Sinus arrhythmia ECG
P waves normal
features
PR interval normal 0.12 to 0.20
QRS normal less than 0.1
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Normal phenomenon usually associated with phases
of respiration (heart rate increases with inspiration and
decreases with expiration)
•Most commonly observed in infants, children, and
young adults, although it may occur in any age-group
Facts about sinus
arrhythmia •Frequently occurs along with sinus bradycardia, in
which case it is usually called sinus arrhythmia with a
bradycardic rate
•Treatment: Does not require intervention unless
accompanied by symptomatic bradycardia (follow
symptomatic bradycardia protocols)
A broad term used to describe a sudden pause in the
basic rhythm with one or more missing beats; two
Sinus pause rhythms fall under this category:
Sinus arrest and Sinus exit block
SA node fails to initiate impulse; represents a problem
sinus arrest with SA node automaticity; basic rhythm does not
resume on time following pause.
SA node initiates impulse, but impulse is blocked as it
exits SA node; represents a problem with SA node
Sinus exit block
conductivity; basic rhythm resumes on time following
pause.
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