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PHRM 864 Exam 1 Exam Questions
and Answers A+ Graded (2025)
Carcinoma - CORRECT ANSWER-squamous epithelial
Adenocarcinoma - CORRECT ANSWER-glandular
Sarcoma - CORRECT ANSWER-mesenchymal
Melanoma - CORRECT ANSWER-pigment producing cells
Leukemia/lymphoma - CORRECT ANSWER-tissue
Blastoma - CORRECT ANSWER-precursor cell
Teratoma - CORRECT ANSWER-germ cells of various types
Myeloid leukemia cells - CORRECT ANSWER-Thrombocyte
Erythrocyte
Mast cell
Lymphoid leukemia cells - CORRECT ANSWER-T cell
B cell
NK cells
% of preventable cancers - CORRECT ANSWER-42%
Oncogene - CORRECT ANSWER-capable of promoting tumor growth
Proto-oncogene - CORRECT ANSWER-healthy cell capable of promoting tumor
growth
Cancer is more likely to run in the family if - CORRECT ANSWER-tumor
suppressor gene mutation is heterozygous
Will happen if homozygous mutation
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Limitations and requirements for cycle-specific chemotherapies - CORRECT
ANSWER-Are only able to target cancer cells in certain phases of cycle. Require
longer dosing regimens instead of higher doses
Norton-Simon hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-Rate of cancer cell death in
response to treatment is directly proportional to cancer growth rate. Cancer
should be attacked in shorter, denser durations to keep cell growth rate under
control
4 mechanisms for cancer resistance - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Increased efflux of
drug out of cell
2. Reduced transport of drug into cell
3. Decreased activation of prodrug
4. Increased detox of drug
Cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme - CORRECT ANSWER-Converts
Cholesterol to Pregnenolone
17a-hydroxylase - CORRECT ANSWER-Converts pregnenolone to 17a-
hydroxypregnenolone; Progesterone to 17a-hydroxyprogesterone
17,20 lyase - CORRECT ANSWER-Converts 17a-hydroxypregnenolone to
dehydroepiandosterone; 17a-hydroxyprogesterone to Androstenedione
17B-HSD - CORRECT ANSWER-Converts Dehydroepiandosterone to
Androstenediol; Androstenedione to Testosterone
Aromatase - CORRECT ANSWER-Converts Androstenedione to Estrone;
Testosterone to Estradiol
SERDs - CORRECT ANSWER-Selective Estrogen Receptor Degraders including
Fulvestrant and Elacestrant
5a-reductase - CORRECT ANSWER-Converts Testosterone to DHT
(Dihydrotestosterone)
Most active estrogen - CORRECT ANSWER-Estradiol
Most active testosterone - CORRECT ANSWER-DHT (Dihydrotestosterone)
Common glucocorticoid treatments - CORRECT ANSWER-Include
Methylprednisolone, Prednisolone (CHOP), Dexamethasone
SERMs - CORRECT ANSWER-Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators like
Tamoxifen, Raloxifene, Clomiphene
Active form of tamoxifen - CORRECT ANSWER-4-hydroxytamoxifen (4OH-TAM)
via CYP2D6
PHRM 864 Exam 1 Exam Questions
and Answers A+ Graded (2025)
Carcinoma - CORRECT ANSWER-squamous epithelial
Adenocarcinoma - CORRECT ANSWER-glandular
Sarcoma - CORRECT ANSWER-mesenchymal
Melanoma - CORRECT ANSWER-pigment producing cells
Leukemia/lymphoma - CORRECT ANSWER-tissue
Blastoma - CORRECT ANSWER-precursor cell
Teratoma - CORRECT ANSWER-germ cells of various types
Myeloid leukemia cells - CORRECT ANSWER-Thrombocyte
Erythrocyte
Mast cell
Lymphoid leukemia cells - CORRECT ANSWER-T cell
B cell
NK cells
% of preventable cancers - CORRECT ANSWER-42%
Oncogene - CORRECT ANSWER-capable of promoting tumor growth
Proto-oncogene - CORRECT ANSWER-healthy cell capable of promoting tumor
growth
Cancer is more likely to run in the family if - CORRECT ANSWER-tumor
suppressor gene mutation is heterozygous
Will happen if homozygous mutation
, www.stuvia.com/user/BRAINSCAPE1
Limitations and requirements for cycle-specific chemotherapies - CORRECT
ANSWER-Are only able to target cancer cells in certain phases of cycle. Require
longer dosing regimens instead of higher doses
Norton-Simon hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-Rate of cancer cell death in
response to treatment is directly proportional to cancer growth rate. Cancer
should be attacked in shorter, denser durations to keep cell growth rate under
control
4 mechanisms for cancer resistance - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Increased efflux of
drug out of cell
2. Reduced transport of drug into cell
3. Decreased activation of prodrug
4. Increased detox of drug
Cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme - CORRECT ANSWER-Converts
Cholesterol to Pregnenolone
17a-hydroxylase - CORRECT ANSWER-Converts pregnenolone to 17a-
hydroxypregnenolone; Progesterone to 17a-hydroxyprogesterone
17,20 lyase - CORRECT ANSWER-Converts 17a-hydroxypregnenolone to
dehydroepiandosterone; 17a-hydroxyprogesterone to Androstenedione
17B-HSD - CORRECT ANSWER-Converts Dehydroepiandosterone to
Androstenediol; Androstenedione to Testosterone
Aromatase - CORRECT ANSWER-Converts Androstenedione to Estrone;
Testosterone to Estradiol
SERDs - CORRECT ANSWER-Selective Estrogen Receptor Degraders including
Fulvestrant and Elacestrant
5a-reductase - CORRECT ANSWER-Converts Testosterone to DHT
(Dihydrotestosterone)
Most active estrogen - CORRECT ANSWER-Estradiol
Most active testosterone - CORRECT ANSWER-DHT (Dihydrotestosterone)
Common glucocorticoid treatments - CORRECT ANSWER-Include
Methylprednisolone, Prednisolone (CHOP), Dexamethasone
SERMs - CORRECT ANSWER-Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators like
Tamoxifen, Raloxifene, Clomiphene
Active form of tamoxifen - CORRECT ANSWER-4-hydroxytamoxifen (4OH-TAM)
via CYP2D6
