, GENERA L
ORGANIC
CHEMISTRY
,2 MARKS
Co nt en ts
1. Nomenclature 3
2. Isomerism 33
3. Various Effects 75
4. Reaction Intermediateries 96
5. Acids & Bases 122
GENERAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
, MARKS 3
CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Depending upon the nature of the carbon skeleton, compounds have been broadly divided
two categories. These are :
I. Acyclic or Open chain compounds.
II. Cyclic or Closed chain compounds.
I. Open Chain or Acyclic Compounds : Compounds of carbon having open chain of carbon
atoms, branched or unbranched are caled acyclic compounds or aliphatic compounds.
Butane CH3ă CH ă2 CH ă CH
2 3
CH3ă CH ă CH ă 2CH
Isopentane 3
|
CH3
Open chain compounds are also known as aliphatic compounds since the earlier compounds o
class were obtained either from animals or vegetable fats. (Greek, aliphatos fats
II. Cyclic or Closed Chain or Ring Compounds : Compounds or carbon having closed chain of
carbon as well as of other atoms are called cyclic compounds. Depending upon the constitutio
the ring, these are further divided into the following categories.
1. Homocyclic or carbocyclic compounds.
2. Heterocylic compounds.
1. Carbocyclic or Homocyclic Compounds : Compounds of carbon having closed chain entirely
made up of carbon atoms are called carbocyclic or homocyclic compounds. These are further
divided into two groups.
(i) Alicyclic Compounds : Closed carbon chains except characteristic benzene ring, resemblin
in properties with acyclic compounds.
For example : cycloalkanes, cycloalkenes etc.
Cyclopropane Cyclopentane Cylopenetene Cyclohexene
(ii) Aromatic Compounds : Closed chain of only carbon atoms with alternate single and
double bonds.
For example : Benzene and its derivaties.
Some important examples of monocyclic, bicyclic and triclic compounds are
GENERAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
ORGANIC
CHEMISTRY
,2 MARKS
Co nt en ts
1. Nomenclature 3
2. Isomerism 33
3. Various Effects 75
4. Reaction Intermediateries 96
5. Acids & Bases 122
GENERAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
, MARKS 3
CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Depending upon the nature of the carbon skeleton, compounds have been broadly divided
two categories. These are :
I. Acyclic or Open chain compounds.
II. Cyclic or Closed chain compounds.
I. Open Chain or Acyclic Compounds : Compounds of carbon having open chain of carbon
atoms, branched or unbranched are caled acyclic compounds or aliphatic compounds.
Butane CH3ă CH ă2 CH ă CH
2 3
CH3ă CH ă CH ă 2CH
Isopentane 3
|
CH3
Open chain compounds are also known as aliphatic compounds since the earlier compounds o
class were obtained either from animals or vegetable fats. (Greek, aliphatos fats
II. Cyclic or Closed Chain or Ring Compounds : Compounds or carbon having closed chain of
carbon as well as of other atoms are called cyclic compounds. Depending upon the constitutio
the ring, these are further divided into the following categories.
1. Homocyclic or carbocyclic compounds.
2. Heterocylic compounds.
1. Carbocyclic or Homocyclic Compounds : Compounds of carbon having closed chain entirely
made up of carbon atoms are called carbocyclic or homocyclic compounds. These are further
divided into two groups.
(i) Alicyclic Compounds : Closed carbon chains except characteristic benzene ring, resemblin
in properties with acyclic compounds.
For example : cycloalkanes, cycloalkenes etc.
Cyclopropane Cyclopentane Cylopenetene Cyclohexene
(ii) Aromatic Compounds : Closed chain of only carbon atoms with alternate single and
double bonds.
For example : Benzene and its derivaties.
Some important examples of monocyclic, bicyclic and triclic compounds are
GENERAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
