Survey of Biology - Exam 1 |149 Questions and Answers
atom - -a basic unit of matter that cannot be broken down by normal chemical reactions
-basic science - -science that seeks to expand knowledge regardless of the short-term
application of that knowledge
-biology - -the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their
environments
-biosphere - -a collection of all ecosystems on Earth
-cell - -the smallest fundamental unit of structure and function in living things
-community - -a set of populations inhabiting a particular area
-control - -a part of an experiment that does not change during the experiment
-descriptive science - -a form of science that aims to observe, explore, and find things out
-ecosystem - -all living things in a particular area together with the abiotic, nonliving parts
of that environment
-eukaryote - -an organism with cells that have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles
-evolution - -the process of gradual change in a population that can also lead to new
species arising from older species
-falsifiable - -able to be disproven by experimental results
-homeostasis - -the ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions
-hypothesis - -a suggested explanation for an event, which can be tested
-hypothesis-based science - -a form of science that begins with a specific explanation that
is then tested
-inductive reasoning - -a form of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at
general conclusion
-life science - -a field of science, such as biology, that studies living things
-macromolecule - -a large molecule typically formed by the joining of smaller molecules
, -molecule - -a chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held together by a
chemical bond
-natural science - -a field of science that studies the physical world, its phenomena, and
process
-organ - -a structure formed of tissues operating together to perform a common function
-organ system - -the higher level of organization that consists of functionally related
organs
-organelle - -a membrane-bound organelle or sac w/in a cell.
-organism - -an individual living entity
-peer-reviewed article - -a scientific report that is reviewed by a scientist's colleagues
before publication.
-phylogenetic tree - -a diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among biological
species based on similarities and differences in genetic or physical traits or both.
-physical science - -a field of science, such as astronomy, physics, and chemistry, the
studies nonliving matter.
-population - -all individuals within a species living within a specific area.
-prokaryote - -a unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus or any other membrane-bound
organelle.
-science - -knowledge that covers general truths or the operation of general laws,
especially when acquired and tested by the scientific method.
-scientific law - -a description, often in the form of a mathematical formula, for the
behavior of some aspect of nature under certain specific conditions.
-scientific method - -a method of research with defined steps that include experiments and
careful observation
-scientific theory - -a thoroughly tested and confirmed explanation for observations or
phenomena
-tissue - -a group of similar cells carrying out the same function
-variable - -a part of an experiment that can vary or change.
-acid - -a substance that donates hydrogen ions and therefore lowers pH
atom - -a basic unit of matter that cannot be broken down by normal chemical reactions
-basic science - -science that seeks to expand knowledge regardless of the short-term
application of that knowledge
-biology - -the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their
environments
-biosphere - -a collection of all ecosystems on Earth
-cell - -the smallest fundamental unit of structure and function in living things
-community - -a set of populations inhabiting a particular area
-control - -a part of an experiment that does not change during the experiment
-descriptive science - -a form of science that aims to observe, explore, and find things out
-ecosystem - -all living things in a particular area together with the abiotic, nonliving parts
of that environment
-eukaryote - -an organism with cells that have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles
-evolution - -the process of gradual change in a population that can also lead to new
species arising from older species
-falsifiable - -able to be disproven by experimental results
-homeostasis - -the ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions
-hypothesis - -a suggested explanation for an event, which can be tested
-hypothesis-based science - -a form of science that begins with a specific explanation that
is then tested
-inductive reasoning - -a form of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at
general conclusion
-life science - -a field of science, such as biology, that studies living things
-macromolecule - -a large molecule typically formed by the joining of smaller molecules
, -molecule - -a chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held together by a
chemical bond
-natural science - -a field of science that studies the physical world, its phenomena, and
process
-organ - -a structure formed of tissues operating together to perform a common function
-organ system - -the higher level of organization that consists of functionally related
organs
-organelle - -a membrane-bound organelle or sac w/in a cell.
-organism - -an individual living entity
-peer-reviewed article - -a scientific report that is reviewed by a scientist's colleagues
before publication.
-phylogenetic tree - -a diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among biological
species based on similarities and differences in genetic or physical traits or both.
-physical science - -a field of science, such as astronomy, physics, and chemistry, the
studies nonliving matter.
-population - -all individuals within a species living within a specific area.
-prokaryote - -a unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus or any other membrane-bound
organelle.
-science - -knowledge that covers general truths or the operation of general laws,
especially when acquired and tested by the scientific method.
-scientific law - -a description, often in the form of a mathematical formula, for the
behavior of some aspect of nature under certain specific conditions.
-scientific method - -a method of research with defined steps that include experiments and
careful observation
-scientific theory - -a thoroughly tested and confirmed explanation for observations or
phenomena
-tissue - -a group of similar cells carrying out the same function
-variable - -a part of an experiment that can vary or change.
-acid - -a substance that donates hydrogen ions and therefore lowers pH
