BIO 101 Exam #1 |50 Questions and Answers
What is Biology? - -Study of life; encompasses everything
-biomolecular biology and technology have brought around a new era for biology
-What are the major characteristics of Life? - -1) reproduction (DNA (deoxyribose nucleic
acid); double helix shape; stores genetic info)
2) cellular repsiration (used to creat energy) (metabolism; need it to perform basic
functions of life; food (carbs, proteins, lipids/fats, vitamins/minerals)
3) adaptation/evolve (over large periods of times traits of organizations)
modified
4) growth and development (DNA lays out the "plan")
5) organization (very specific; organization of organs/structure)
6) cells (basic building blocks of life; need only one to be considered living)
7) respond (response to stimuli (light, touch, heat, etc.); need in order to survive)
-What is a cell? - -- basic building blocks of life
- not always apparent; first seen with a microscope
- cells were discovered by Hook in 1655
- first cells discovered were from cork
- theory wasn't generally accepted due to the challenge of trying to convince people of this
drastic change
-What is cell theory? - -- proposed in 1800's
- lowest level of structure perfoms all chracteristics of life
- arise from previously existing cells
-What is metabolism? - -- energy breakdown; needed for food
- glucose is the "best"
- C6H12O6 (formula for glucose)
- breaks (catabolic reaction) down to carbon dioxide and water [ CO2 + H2O]
-Difference between anabolic and catabolic reactions? - -- anabolic- building up of
molcules, etc.
- ie: anabolic steroids (build up muscle)
- catabolic- breaking down of molecules
-Bean Beetle Lab - -- learn how to determine if alive or dead
- if alive, beetles should be giving off carbon dioxide
- if dead, bean beetles may be giving off CO2 but only
because the decomposition process
- CO2 measured in ppm
- calculate amount per bean beetle
x (ppm)/ number of bb = ppm/bb
every 15 mins = [x / # of bb] / 15
, every 1 hour = [x/ #of bb] x 4
every sec = [x / # of bb] / 60
- used loggerpro prgm; used CO2 probe
-Are viruses alive? - -- depends on what you argue
- relies on a host cell to reproduce
-What is science? - -- latin "to know"
- asking questions about nature
- believe questions can be answered
-Steps of the Scientific Method - -1) Make an Observation
2) Ask a question
3) Form a Hypothesis ("if, then" statement)
- accept (agree with conclusions)
- reject (disagree, continue testing)
4) Exeperimental Design/ testing
5) Form a conclusion
-Control in a experiment - -- must always have a control
- does not have variables
- does not change; will not be affected
-What is a scientific theory? - -- not just an explanation for something
- has been developed/tested/scrutinized/challenged/ reviewed, etc.
- generally accepted by whole scientific community
- ie: theory of gravity, atomic theory of matter
-pH - -- measures acids and bases
- scale from 0-14
-acids ( H+ ions): range from 0-6/7
-neutral : 7
- basic (OH- ions) 7/8-14
- most of what we eat or drink is acidic; household cleaners, etc. are most likely basic
- plants tend to use basic compunds as a means of defense against predators
-Who is Francesco Redi? - -- conducted first "controlled" experiment
- tested whether life could arise spontaneously
- living things vs. biogenesis (came from life)
- took 4 different animals and used a control group (covered it from flies)
- findings were not accepted at first; idea of spontaneous life did not go away until Pasteur
-Microscopes - -- windows to the world of cells
- types: compound (light), electron (scanning and transition)
- parts of a microscope
1) eyepiece (what you look through)
What is Biology? - -Study of life; encompasses everything
-biomolecular biology and technology have brought around a new era for biology
-What are the major characteristics of Life? - -1) reproduction (DNA (deoxyribose nucleic
acid); double helix shape; stores genetic info)
2) cellular repsiration (used to creat energy) (metabolism; need it to perform basic
functions of life; food (carbs, proteins, lipids/fats, vitamins/minerals)
3) adaptation/evolve (over large periods of times traits of organizations)
modified
4) growth and development (DNA lays out the "plan")
5) organization (very specific; organization of organs/structure)
6) cells (basic building blocks of life; need only one to be considered living)
7) respond (response to stimuli (light, touch, heat, etc.); need in order to survive)
-What is a cell? - -- basic building blocks of life
- not always apparent; first seen with a microscope
- cells were discovered by Hook in 1655
- first cells discovered were from cork
- theory wasn't generally accepted due to the challenge of trying to convince people of this
drastic change
-What is cell theory? - -- proposed in 1800's
- lowest level of structure perfoms all chracteristics of life
- arise from previously existing cells
-What is metabolism? - -- energy breakdown; needed for food
- glucose is the "best"
- C6H12O6 (formula for glucose)
- breaks (catabolic reaction) down to carbon dioxide and water [ CO2 + H2O]
-Difference between anabolic and catabolic reactions? - -- anabolic- building up of
molcules, etc.
- ie: anabolic steroids (build up muscle)
- catabolic- breaking down of molecules
-Bean Beetle Lab - -- learn how to determine if alive or dead
- if alive, beetles should be giving off carbon dioxide
- if dead, bean beetles may be giving off CO2 but only
because the decomposition process
- CO2 measured in ppm
- calculate amount per bean beetle
x (ppm)/ number of bb = ppm/bb
every 15 mins = [x / # of bb] / 15
, every 1 hour = [x/ #of bb] x 4
every sec = [x / # of bb] / 60
- used loggerpro prgm; used CO2 probe
-Are viruses alive? - -- depends on what you argue
- relies on a host cell to reproduce
-What is science? - -- latin "to know"
- asking questions about nature
- believe questions can be answered
-Steps of the Scientific Method - -1) Make an Observation
2) Ask a question
3) Form a Hypothesis ("if, then" statement)
- accept (agree with conclusions)
- reject (disagree, continue testing)
4) Exeperimental Design/ testing
5) Form a conclusion
-Control in a experiment - -- must always have a control
- does not have variables
- does not change; will not be affected
-What is a scientific theory? - -- not just an explanation for something
- has been developed/tested/scrutinized/challenged/ reviewed, etc.
- generally accepted by whole scientific community
- ie: theory of gravity, atomic theory of matter
-pH - -- measures acids and bases
- scale from 0-14
-acids ( H+ ions): range from 0-6/7
-neutral : 7
- basic (OH- ions) 7/8-14
- most of what we eat or drink is acidic; household cleaners, etc. are most likely basic
- plants tend to use basic compunds as a means of defense against predators
-Who is Francesco Redi? - -- conducted first "controlled" experiment
- tested whether life could arise spontaneously
- living things vs. biogenesis (came from life)
- took 4 different animals and used a control group (covered it from flies)
- findings were not accepted at first; idea of spontaneous life did not go away until Pasteur
-Microscopes - -- windows to the world of cells
- types: compound (light), electron (scanning and transition)
- parts of a microscope
1) eyepiece (what you look through)
