BIO 101 Exam 4 WVU Salihu |61 questions and answers
Gregor Mendel - -father of genetics, mid 1800s
-selective breeding - -developing a desired phenotype in offspring by selecting which f/m
to mate
-qualities of model organisms used in genetic studies - --short life cycles
-easy to maintain
-easy to breed
-easily distinguishable traits (2 forms)
-true breeding populations - -only one trait is expressed when mixed
-alleles - -alternate forms of a gene
-homologous chromosomes and alleles - -have same gene but can have different alleles
(like one w/ A and one w/ a)
-number of gene copies we posses - -2 copies
-phenotype - -outward appearance of an individual
-genotype - -the individual's genetic composition
-law of segregation - -you have 2 copies of each gene but only meiosis helps put only 1
copy in each sperm or egg (gamete)
-inheritance is the outcome of - -1) gamete formation
2) sexual reproduction (random fusion of gametes)
-law of independent assortment - -states most traits are passed on as independent
features, one trait doesn't influence another trait
-inheritance - -passing of characteristics from one generation to the next; child gets one
set of chromosomes from each parents (2 copies of each gene)
-test cross - -
-test cross - -1. take an individual exhibiting a dominant trait w an unknown genotype
2. cross individual with homozygous recessive individual
3. look at phenotypes: will all either be heterozygous if original indiv is homozygous, if
original indiv is heterozygous there could be offspring that's homozygous recessive
-generations - --P - parents (two individuals that are crossed to begin with)
Gregor Mendel - -father of genetics, mid 1800s
-selective breeding - -developing a desired phenotype in offspring by selecting which f/m
to mate
-qualities of model organisms used in genetic studies - --short life cycles
-easy to maintain
-easy to breed
-easily distinguishable traits (2 forms)
-true breeding populations - -only one trait is expressed when mixed
-alleles - -alternate forms of a gene
-homologous chromosomes and alleles - -have same gene but can have different alleles
(like one w/ A and one w/ a)
-number of gene copies we posses - -2 copies
-phenotype - -outward appearance of an individual
-genotype - -the individual's genetic composition
-law of segregation - -you have 2 copies of each gene but only meiosis helps put only 1
copy in each sperm or egg (gamete)
-inheritance is the outcome of - -1) gamete formation
2) sexual reproduction (random fusion of gametes)
-law of independent assortment - -states most traits are passed on as independent
features, one trait doesn't influence another trait
-inheritance - -passing of characteristics from one generation to the next; child gets one
set of chromosomes from each parents (2 copies of each gene)
-test cross - -
-test cross - -1. take an individual exhibiting a dominant trait w an unknown genotype
2. cross individual with homozygous recessive individual
3. look at phenotypes: will all either be heterozygous if original indiv is homozygous, if
original indiv is heterozygous there could be offspring that's homozygous recessive
-generations - --P - parents (two individuals that are crossed to begin with)
