Grade 11 Biology Exam Review Questions with Answers
What are the three levels of biodiversity - -1) species diversity
2) genetic diversity
3) ecosystem diversity
-Genes - -Units of inherited information that determine specific characteristics or
functions
-Biodiversity - -The variety of life in the world
-Genetic diversity - -The sum of all the different forms of genes present in a particular
species. It also helps the survival of species
-Species - -A population whose members can breed freely in nature and produce fertile
offspring
-Why do farmers grow a single type of corn? - -It allows farmers to use the same
equipment, fertilizers and techniques on their land
-Monocultures - -Genetically uniform farms, that usually have little or no biodiversity
-Species diversity - -The variety of species and relative abundance of the species in a given
area. This allows ecosystems to survive environmental changes such as droughts, plagues
or disease outbreaks
-Ecosystem diversity - -The diverse range of habitats, the various organisms that live in
the habitats and the relationships that connect them
-What kind of organisms or processes does biodiversity help maintain? - -1) ecosystem
cycle carbon, nitrogen and oxygen
2) micro-organisms make nutrients available and break down toxic substances in water
and soil
3) insects, bats, and other animals pollinate flowering plants and crops
4) ecosystems clean air, purify water, control erosion,more vent floods and modify climate
-Keystone species - -Species that have a disproportionately large effect on the ecosystem
in which they live, such as a honeybee
-What is malaria - -A deadly disease that is spread through mosquitoes infecting people. It
is called by a microscopic parasite called plasmodium, that transmits this disease through
it's bite
-Why use scientific naming for animals? - -To reduce confusion among different languages
around the world, and to have a universal scientific name to each known species
,-Dichotomous key - -A tool used by scientists and non-scientists to identify organisms
with which they are unfamiliar
-What does the work "dichotomous" mean in Greek? - -"To cut in two"
-What does a dichotomous key posses - -It possesses a series of questions about an
organism, and each question asks users to choose between two possible characteristics
that the organism may have
-Taxonomy - -The science of naming, identifying, and classifying species
-Binomial nomenclature - -A system for naming specific species, which became the most
used classification system in biology, invented in 1750 by the Swedish botanist Carolus
Linnaeus
-What are the two main parts of the binomial nomenclature - -1) a two-part Latin name
2) a hierarchy or ordering of the species into broader and broader groups
-Binomial - -The two-part Latin name that is part of the binomial nomenclature
-Genus - -The first part of the specie's name, to which the species belongs
-What are the 8 groups of the binomial nomenclature - -1) domain
2) kingdom
3) phylum
4) class
5) Order
6) family
7) genus
8) species
-Biodiversity - -The variety of life in the world or a particular habitat or ecosystem
-Ecosystem - -a specie's environment
-Taxonomy - -Science of naming, identifying and classifying species
-Protist - -Eukaryotic organisms that do not fit into the animal, plant or fungi kingdoms
-Cilia - -Short, hair-like structures protruding from a cell that move fluid and particles over
the cell's surface; sometimes used for movement and food gathering
-Flagella - -Long, whip-like structures that some cells use for movement
, -Pseudopodia - -Cellular extensions of streaming cytoplasm that enable a cell to move in
the direction of that extensions
-Mycorrhizae - -Fungus that forms a mutualistic association with roots of a plant
-Phylogenetic tree - -A branching diagram that represents the evolutionary relationships
among species or groups
-Clade - -An evolutionary branch on a phylogentic tree
-Phylogeny - -The evolutionary development and history of a species or group of
organisms
-Morphology - -Study of form and structure of organisms
-Habitat loss - -The greatest threat to biodiversity, where animals loos their homes
-Fragmentation - -splitting a habitat into fragments, which may prevent species from
using resources in all parts of the habitat
-Deforestration - -Clear-cutting trees
-Transpiration-pull - -Force that pulls water up a woody stem
-Radial symmetry - -Arrangement having body parts like pieces of a pie around an
imaginary central axis
-Bilateral symmetry - -Arrangement having mirror-image right and left sides
-Asymmetric - -Having no symmetry
-Genetically modified organism - -An organisms with genetic material that has been
altered thought genetic engineering
-Restriction fragment - -Pieces of DNA made by cutting it with restriction enzymes
-Cell cycle - -Orderly sequence of event in a eukaryotic cell's life
-Role of mitosis - -Used for cell division
-Role of meiosis - -Used to reproduce 4 cells
-Deoxyribonucleic acid - -Molecule that composes the genetic material
-Gamete - -Sex cells; eggs and sperms
What are the three levels of biodiversity - -1) species diversity
2) genetic diversity
3) ecosystem diversity
-Genes - -Units of inherited information that determine specific characteristics or
functions
-Biodiversity - -The variety of life in the world
-Genetic diversity - -The sum of all the different forms of genes present in a particular
species. It also helps the survival of species
-Species - -A population whose members can breed freely in nature and produce fertile
offspring
-Why do farmers grow a single type of corn? - -It allows farmers to use the same
equipment, fertilizers and techniques on their land
-Monocultures - -Genetically uniform farms, that usually have little or no biodiversity
-Species diversity - -The variety of species and relative abundance of the species in a given
area. This allows ecosystems to survive environmental changes such as droughts, plagues
or disease outbreaks
-Ecosystem diversity - -The diverse range of habitats, the various organisms that live in
the habitats and the relationships that connect them
-What kind of organisms or processes does biodiversity help maintain? - -1) ecosystem
cycle carbon, nitrogen and oxygen
2) micro-organisms make nutrients available and break down toxic substances in water
and soil
3) insects, bats, and other animals pollinate flowering plants and crops
4) ecosystems clean air, purify water, control erosion,more vent floods and modify climate
-Keystone species - -Species that have a disproportionately large effect on the ecosystem
in which they live, such as a honeybee
-What is malaria - -A deadly disease that is spread through mosquitoes infecting people. It
is called by a microscopic parasite called plasmodium, that transmits this disease through
it's bite
-Why use scientific naming for animals? - -To reduce confusion among different languages
around the world, and to have a universal scientific name to each known species
,-Dichotomous key - -A tool used by scientists and non-scientists to identify organisms
with which they are unfamiliar
-What does the work "dichotomous" mean in Greek? - -"To cut in two"
-What does a dichotomous key posses - -It possesses a series of questions about an
organism, and each question asks users to choose between two possible characteristics
that the organism may have
-Taxonomy - -The science of naming, identifying, and classifying species
-Binomial nomenclature - -A system for naming specific species, which became the most
used classification system in biology, invented in 1750 by the Swedish botanist Carolus
Linnaeus
-What are the two main parts of the binomial nomenclature - -1) a two-part Latin name
2) a hierarchy or ordering of the species into broader and broader groups
-Binomial - -The two-part Latin name that is part of the binomial nomenclature
-Genus - -The first part of the specie's name, to which the species belongs
-What are the 8 groups of the binomial nomenclature - -1) domain
2) kingdom
3) phylum
4) class
5) Order
6) family
7) genus
8) species
-Biodiversity - -The variety of life in the world or a particular habitat or ecosystem
-Ecosystem - -a specie's environment
-Taxonomy - -Science of naming, identifying and classifying species
-Protist - -Eukaryotic organisms that do not fit into the animal, plant or fungi kingdoms
-Cilia - -Short, hair-like structures protruding from a cell that move fluid and particles over
the cell's surface; sometimes used for movement and food gathering
-Flagella - -Long, whip-like structures that some cells use for movement
, -Pseudopodia - -Cellular extensions of streaming cytoplasm that enable a cell to move in
the direction of that extensions
-Mycorrhizae - -Fungus that forms a mutualistic association with roots of a plant
-Phylogenetic tree - -A branching diagram that represents the evolutionary relationships
among species or groups
-Clade - -An evolutionary branch on a phylogentic tree
-Phylogeny - -The evolutionary development and history of a species or group of
organisms
-Morphology - -Study of form and structure of organisms
-Habitat loss - -The greatest threat to biodiversity, where animals loos their homes
-Fragmentation - -splitting a habitat into fragments, which may prevent species from
using resources in all parts of the habitat
-Deforestration - -Clear-cutting trees
-Transpiration-pull - -Force that pulls water up a woody stem
-Radial symmetry - -Arrangement having body parts like pieces of a pie around an
imaginary central axis
-Bilateral symmetry - -Arrangement having mirror-image right and left sides
-Asymmetric - -Having no symmetry
-Genetically modified organism - -An organisms with genetic material that has been
altered thought genetic engineering
-Restriction fragment - -Pieces of DNA made by cutting it with restriction enzymes
-Cell cycle - -Orderly sequence of event in a eukaryotic cell's life
-Role of mitosis - -Used for cell division
-Role of meiosis - -Used to reproduce 4 cells
-Deoxyribonucleic acid - -Molecule that composes the genetic material
-Gamete - -Sex cells; eggs and sperms
