1904-1905 (the war itself)
causes:
- Begun as an attempt to ignite nationalism
- Russian expansionist policy
- Warm water port
- Deflect public attention from domestic problems
- Earn back ‘great power’ reputation
- Underestimated Japan
Events:
- Attacked by Japan in Mukden, 89,000 Russian casualties to Japan's 71,000 even
though Russia had 100,000 more men.
- January 1905 port Arthur fell to japanese
- Around 850,000 trained Japanese soldiers ready to fight (and many more untrained
reserves) but only around 100,000 Russians locally available.
- Failure of the Russian navy, evident in Battle of Tsushima were the Baltic fleet which
had sailed around the world for 6 months was defeated in under an hour ⅔ of the
Russian fleet sank and ⅓ took refuge in neutral ports. OR The Battle of Yellow Sea in
1904 where the entire Russian navy was defeated.
consequences:
- Highlighted incompetence of Tsar Nicholas and his government to fight a modern war
- Destroyed nationalism
- Government unpopular
- History repeating itself
- National zemstvo called and delegates ordered to make change
- Increased military spending by 50% despite the economy becoming worse
- Showcased a fundamental and desperate need for change.
Bloody sunday
Sunday 9th January 1905
- Anti-governmental feelings were running high
- Working conditions consisted of 12 hour days, very poor pay, no welfare, the
employers refused to discuss demands with them
- Strikes began regarding wages and working conditions which grew from a small
strike to one that drew in hundreds of thousands of people and suddenly the situation
became tense
- Father Gapon led around 150,000 unarmed people to protest at the winter palace,
asking for an 8 hour day, minimum wage of 1 rouble a day and more dignified
treatment. Around 1,000 people were wounded or killed (although it’s estimated it
was more like 200)
Consequences:
- Tsar Nicholas II’s nickname was changed from ‘The Little Father’ to ‘Nicholas the
Bloody’. With some proclaiming that now ‘There is no tsar’ Thus his public image is
ruined
- After this, the workers rioted, looted and constructed barricades, demonstrating their
deep unhappiness with the tsar and his actions and support for the protestors.
Although there was a lack of strong leadership in these strikes.
causes:
- Begun as an attempt to ignite nationalism
- Russian expansionist policy
- Warm water port
- Deflect public attention from domestic problems
- Earn back ‘great power’ reputation
- Underestimated Japan
Events:
- Attacked by Japan in Mukden, 89,000 Russian casualties to Japan's 71,000 even
though Russia had 100,000 more men.
- January 1905 port Arthur fell to japanese
- Around 850,000 trained Japanese soldiers ready to fight (and many more untrained
reserves) but only around 100,000 Russians locally available.
- Failure of the Russian navy, evident in Battle of Tsushima were the Baltic fleet which
had sailed around the world for 6 months was defeated in under an hour ⅔ of the
Russian fleet sank and ⅓ took refuge in neutral ports. OR The Battle of Yellow Sea in
1904 where the entire Russian navy was defeated.
consequences:
- Highlighted incompetence of Tsar Nicholas and his government to fight a modern war
- Destroyed nationalism
- Government unpopular
- History repeating itself
- National zemstvo called and delegates ordered to make change
- Increased military spending by 50% despite the economy becoming worse
- Showcased a fundamental and desperate need for change.
Bloody sunday
Sunday 9th January 1905
- Anti-governmental feelings were running high
- Working conditions consisted of 12 hour days, very poor pay, no welfare, the
employers refused to discuss demands with them
- Strikes began regarding wages and working conditions which grew from a small
strike to one that drew in hundreds of thousands of people and suddenly the situation
became tense
- Father Gapon led around 150,000 unarmed people to protest at the winter palace,
asking for an 8 hour day, minimum wage of 1 rouble a day and more dignified
treatment. Around 1,000 people were wounded or killed (although it’s estimated it
was more like 200)
Consequences:
- Tsar Nicholas II’s nickname was changed from ‘The Little Father’ to ‘Nicholas the
Bloody’. With some proclaiming that now ‘There is no tsar’ Thus his public image is
ruined
- After this, the workers rioted, looted and constructed barricades, demonstrating their
deep unhappiness with the tsar and his actions and support for the protestors.
Although there was a lack of strong leadership in these strikes.
