Russia-alexander-ii-flash-cards
Russia-nicholas-revolution-and-reform-flash-cards
Russia-a-level-1916-17-end-of-tsardom-up-to-october-rev-flash-cards
Russia-bolsheviks-in-power-flash-cards
Khrushchev-flash-cards
Russia-gorbachev-flash-cards
Russia-a-level-breadth-agriculture-flash-cards
Alexander II
Crimean war --- 1853-1856
Judicial reforms --- 1864
Vera Zasulich case --- 1878
Local government reforms and zemstvo statute --- 1864
Military reforms --- 1861
Reforms of education --- 1854
Reforms of the press --- 1865
St Petersburg 55-60% literate --- 1860
Who fought against Russia in Crimea? --- France, Britain and Ottoman Empire
What battle were Russia defeated at in Crimea and what year was it --- Battle of Alma - 1854
Where did Russia refuse to withdraw from in Crimea after a costly year long siege ---
Sevastopol base
What treaty was Alexander II forced to sign to end Crimean war --- treaty of Paris
How many wounded in Crimea --- 400,000
how many died in Crimea --- 80,000
when had Russia defeated Napoleon --- 1812
how many soldiers defended Sevastopol base --- 100,000
how big was the army during Crimean war --- 1.8 million
how much of the governments income went on the army during Crimea --- 1/3
what group/ ideological group wanted to maintain slavic tradition --- Slavophiles
what ideology felt traditional russian ways could hold back progress --- westernisers
Name two of alexanders advisors who were military men --- General Rotovsev and Dimitry
Milyutin
what was the conscription time before army reforms --- 25 years
what was conscription time reduced to --- 15 years
how much of the population who were eligible would be chosen to serve after reforms --- 1/4
what age did people become eligible for conscription after the reforms --- 21
what social classes could be conscripted after reforms --- All
how many districts was military administration reorganised into --- 15
what courts worked quickly, cost nothing to those involved and helped protect 'the small man'
against local officials --- Justice of Peace courts
who did Vera Zasulich shoot and wound (name - job) --- Trepov - governor of St Petersburg
what courts had exceptions to normal judicial reforms --- church, military, government and
revolutionary
what did villages become a part of --- volost
, between how many household would 1 representative be sent within villages --- 10
how much of district zemstva were nobility --- 40%
How much of district councils were nobility --- 70%
In what percentage of provinces was zemstvo introduced --- under 50%
where was zemstvo not allowed as it was considered a 'troublesome' province --- polish
border
what article allowed the governor to veto any decisions made --- article 9
what happened to pupil numbers in the first decade of Alexanders reign --- doubled
what perctange of university professors left their posts 1854-1862 --- 50%
Name an enlightened liberal thinker who was appointed as a university professor --- Nicholai
Pirogov
name two popular periodicals --- The Contemporary and the Russian world
what was the political awakening of Russia due to reforms of the press called ---
obshchestvennost
who coined the term 'land and liberty' in an article in 'The Bell' criticising emancipation of the
serfs --- Alexander Herzens
how many warnings did alexanders government issue to the press --- 177
how many orders to cease publication did alexanders government issue to the press --- 52
When were 'The contemporary' and 'the Russian world' forced to close down --- 1866
Who in Alexanders government devised a military solution to student's violent revolutionary
action that focused on removing the lower class from education --- Admiral Putyatin
whose education measures did Alexander II vote for that replaced science with classics,
focused on memorisation not learning and put university discipline in hands of the police ---
Tolstois
proportion of judegs who were illiterate prior to reforms --- over half
example of someone who used law court to spread revolutionary ideas --- Sergei Nechaev -
1871
number of doctors employed by zemstva by 1870 --- 613
what article allowed the provincial governor to veto any zemstvo descion seen as
'troublesome' for the state --- article 9
anti-autocracy spirit and impatience for change --- zeitgeist
student uprising example (year and place) where 400 were punished for meeting to discuss
government policy --- 1861 - Bezdna
percentage of students with education subsidies by 1861 --- 65%
what year was st petersburg university closed twice due to disturbances --- 1862
who replaces putyatin as education minister (more liberal) in 1861 --- Golovnin
name an anti-tsarist publication prompting student unrest --- young russia
univeristy statute date --- 1863
how many student subsidies were returned in university statute --- 40%
assasination attempt --- april 1966
who attempted to assasinate the tsar in april 1966 --- former student of kazan and moscow
universities
who replaced Golvnin as education minister and in what year --- Tolstoi - 1866
when were tolstois changes to university statute --- 1871
russian name for the political awakening spirit --- obshchestvennost
what was the military budget in 1860s (biggest in europe) --- 1/3
number of russian soldeirs fighting in crimean war --- over 1.8 million
minister of war 1861 - forced through military reforms --- milyutin
Russia-nicholas-revolution-and-reform-flash-cards
Russia-a-level-1916-17-end-of-tsardom-up-to-october-rev-flash-cards
Russia-bolsheviks-in-power-flash-cards
Khrushchev-flash-cards
Russia-gorbachev-flash-cards
Russia-a-level-breadth-agriculture-flash-cards
Alexander II
Crimean war --- 1853-1856
Judicial reforms --- 1864
Vera Zasulich case --- 1878
Local government reforms and zemstvo statute --- 1864
Military reforms --- 1861
Reforms of education --- 1854
Reforms of the press --- 1865
St Petersburg 55-60% literate --- 1860
Who fought against Russia in Crimea? --- France, Britain and Ottoman Empire
What battle were Russia defeated at in Crimea and what year was it --- Battle of Alma - 1854
Where did Russia refuse to withdraw from in Crimea after a costly year long siege ---
Sevastopol base
What treaty was Alexander II forced to sign to end Crimean war --- treaty of Paris
How many wounded in Crimea --- 400,000
how many died in Crimea --- 80,000
when had Russia defeated Napoleon --- 1812
how many soldiers defended Sevastopol base --- 100,000
how big was the army during Crimean war --- 1.8 million
how much of the governments income went on the army during Crimea --- 1/3
what group/ ideological group wanted to maintain slavic tradition --- Slavophiles
what ideology felt traditional russian ways could hold back progress --- westernisers
Name two of alexanders advisors who were military men --- General Rotovsev and Dimitry
Milyutin
what was the conscription time before army reforms --- 25 years
what was conscription time reduced to --- 15 years
how much of the population who were eligible would be chosen to serve after reforms --- 1/4
what age did people become eligible for conscription after the reforms --- 21
what social classes could be conscripted after reforms --- All
how many districts was military administration reorganised into --- 15
what courts worked quickly, cost nothing to those involved and helped protect 'the small man'
against local officials --- Justice of Peace courts
who did Vera Zasulich shoot and wound (name - job) --- Trepov - governor of St Petersburg
what courts had exceptions to normal judicial reforms --- church, military, government and
revolutionary
what did villages become a part of --- volost
, between how many household would 1 representative be sent within villages --- 10
how much of district zemstva were nobility --- 40%
How much of district councils were nobility --- 70%
In what percentage of provinces was zemstvo introduced --- under 50%
where was zemstvo not allowed as it was considered a 'troublesome' province --- polish
border
what article allowed the governor to veto any decisions made --- article 9
what happened to pupil numbers in the first decade of Alexanders reign --- doubled
what perctange of university professors left their posts 1854-1862 --- 50%
Name an enlightened liberal thinker who was appointed as a university professor --- Nicholai
Pirogov
name two popular periodicals --- The Contemporary and the Russian world
what was the political awakening of Russia due to reforms of the press called ---
obshchestvennost
who coined the term 'land and liberty' in an article in 'The Bell' criticising emancipation of the
serfs --- Alexander Herzens
how many warnings did alexanders government issue to the press --- 177
how many orders to cease publication did alexanders government issue to the press --- 52
When were 'The contemporary' and 'the Russian world' forced to close down --- 1866
Who in Alexanders government devised a military solution to student's violent revolutionary
action that focused on removing the lower class from education --- Admiral Putyatin
whose education measures did Alexander II vote for that replaced science with classics,
focused on memorisation not learning and put university discipline in hands of the police ---
Tolstois
proportion of judegs who were illiterate prior to reforms --- over half
example of someone who used law court to spread revolutionary ideas --- Sergei Nechaev -
1871
number of doctors employed by zemstva by 1870 --- 613
what article allowed the provincial governor to veto any zemstvo descion seen as
'troublesome' for the state --- article 9
anti-autocracy spirit and impatience for change --- zeitgeist
student uprising example (year and place) where 400 were punished for meeting to discuss
government policy --- 1861 - Bezdna
percentage of students with education subsidies by 1861 --- 65%
what year was st petersburg university closed twice due to disturbances --- 1862
who replaces putyatin as education minister (more liberal) in 1861 --- Golovnin
name an anti-tsarist publication prompting student unrest --- young russia
univeristy statute date --- 1863
how many student subsidies were returned in university statute --- 40%
assasination attempt --- april 1966
who attempted to assasinate the tsar in april 1966 --- former student of kazan and moscow
universities
who replaced Golvnin as education minister and in what year --- Tolstoi - 1866
when were tolstois changes to university statute --- 1871
russian name for the political awakening spirit --- obshchestvennost
what was the military budget in 1860s (biggest in europe) --- 1/3
number of russian soldeirs fighting in crimean war --- over 1.8 million
minister of war 1861 - forced through military reforms --- milyutin
