NURS 8022 Exam 1 Flashcards
Osmotic Pressure - answer The pressure that drives water movement through
semipermeable membranes.
Active Transport - answer The movement of substances against their electrochemical
gradient using energy (ATP).
Sodium Potassium Pump – answer Na+ K+ ATPase, maintains ion balance by pumping
Na+ out and K+ in.
Hydrogen Ion Concentration – answer H+ ATPase concentrates hydrogen ions for
physiological processes.
Secondary Active Transport – answer Co-transport driven by the electrochemical
gradient from primary active transport.
Nernst Potential - answer The potential at which the diffusion potential balances,
resulting in no net ion movement.
Resting Membrane Potential - answerThe potential difference in a non-signaling neuron,
typically -70 to -90 mV.
Facilitated Diffusion - answerPassive transport that does not require energy and moves
substances down their gradient.
Apoptosis - answerProgrammed cell death that removes cellular debris without
inflammation.
Necrosis - answerCell death characterized by swelling, membrane rupture, and
inflammation.
Autophagy - answerThe process of degrading cellular components to maintain
homeostasis.
Metaplasia - answerThe reversible change where one mature cell type is replaced by
another.
Cancer Cell Morphogenesis - answerThe process involving genetic alterations and
dysfunction of tumor suppressor genes.
Benign Tumors - answerTumors that are encapsulated with well-differentiated cells and
do not invade surrounding tissues.
Osmotic Pressure - answer The pressure that drives water movement through
semipermeable membranes.
Active Transport - answer The movement of substances against their electrochemical
gradient using energy (ATP).
Sodium Potassium Pump – answer Na+ K+ ATPase, maintains ion balance by pumping
Na+ out and K+ in.
Hydrogen Ion Concentration – answer H+ ATPase concentrates hydrogen ions for
physiological processes.
Secondary Active Transport – answer Co-transport driven by the electrochemical
gradient from primary active transport.
Nernst Potential - answer The potential at which the diffusion potential balances,
resulting in no net ion movement.
Resting Membrane Potential - answerThe potential difference in a non-signaling neuron,
typically -70 to -90 mV.
Facilitated Diffusion - answerPassive transport that does not require energy and moves
substances down their gradient.
Apoptosis - answerProgrammed cell death that removes cellular debris without
inflammation.
Necrosis - answerCell death characterized by swelling, membrane rupture, and
inflammation.
Autophagy - answerThe process of degrading cellular components to maintain
homeostasis.
Metaplasia - answerThe reversible change where one mature cell type is replaced by
another.
Cancer Cell Morphogenesis - answerThe process involving genetic alterations and
dysfunction of tumor suppressor genes.
Benign Tumors - answerTumors that are encapsulated with well-differentiated cells and
do not invade surrounding tissues.
