NURS 8022 Module 3
What maintains the osmolality and acid-base balance of the blood - answer Electrolytes
and proteins
Functions of blood - answer provide nutrients to cells, provide oxygen for cellular
metabolism, removes by-products, carries the cells that protect the body against
infection and invading organisms
3 groups of plasma proteins - answer albumin, clotting factors (mostly fibrinogen),
lipoproteins (triglycerides, cholesterol, fatty acids)
Albumin - answer function as carrier and control plasma oncotic pressure
serum - answerplasma without clotting factors
pluripotential cells - answerin the bone marrow and can differentiate into major blood
cells (red, white, platelets)
Erythrocytes - answerred blood cells
Leukocytes - answerwhite blood cells
Thrombocytes - answerplatelets
Most abundant cells of the body - answererythrocytes
Functions of Erythrocytes - answerresponsible for tissue oxygenation, contain
hemoglobin and carry gases and electrolytes, have biconcavity and reversible deformity
Life cycle of erythrocytes - answer120 days, spleen replaces
Normal platelet count - answer150,000-400,000
Platelets are formed from - answerthe fragmentation of megakaryocytes
Platelets are produced, stored, and removed by what - answerproduced by the bone
marrow, stored and removed by the spleen
life span of platelets - answer5-9 days
function of platelets - answeressential for blood coagulation and the control of bleeding
, lymphoid organs - answersites of residence, proliferation, differentiation, and function of
lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes, link to the hematologic and immune system
primary lymphoid organs - answerthymus and bone marrow
secondary lymphoid organs - answerSpleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, and Peyer Patches
of the small intestine
Hematopoiesis - answerprocess of blood cell production in adult bone marrow or in the
liver/spleen of fetus
2 stages of hematopoiesis - answerMitosis (proliferation) cells divide
Maturation (differentiation) cells mature
bone marrow - answerprimary site of residence of hematopoietic stem cells, also called
myeloid tissue
2 types of bone marrow - answerred marrow (produce RBCs) and yellow marrow (do
not produce RBCs)
Stem cell pool - answerThe product of self-renewal that maintains the number of
pluripotent stem cells and partially committed progenitor cells
Bone marrow pool - answer-contains cells that are proliferating and maturing in
preparation for release into the circulation
-mature cells are stored for later release into the peripheral blood
3 factors that increase Hematopoiesis - answer(1) conversion of yellow bone marrow,
which does not produce blood cells, to hematopoietic red marrow by the actions of
erythropoietin (a hormone that stimulates erythrocyte production); (2) faster
differentiation of progenitor cells; and (3) faster proliferation of stem cells into progenitor
cells
Erythropoiesis - answerproduction of red blood cells
Erythrocytes derived from - answererythroblasts
Erythrocyte maturation stimulated by - answererythropoietin
how does a erythroid progenitor cell become an erythrocyte - answererythropoietin
stimulates progenitor cells into forming committed proerythroblasts, then into
normoblasts, into reticulocytes, into erythrocytes
Erythropoietin - answerhormone released from the kidney in response to low renal
oxygenation, produced in the peritubular interstitial cells of the kidney
What maintains the osmolality and acid-base balance of the blood - answer Electrolytes
and proteins
Functions of blood - answer provide nutrients to cells, provide oxygen for cellular
metabolism, removes by-products, carries the cells that protect the body against
infection and invading organisms
3 groups of plasma proteins - answer albumin, clotting factors (mostly fibrinogen),
lipoproteins (triglycerides, cholesterol, fatty acids)
Albumin - answer function as carrier and control plasma oncotic pressure
serum - answerplasma without clotting factors
pluripotential cells - answerin the bone marrow and can differentiate into major blood
cells (red, white, platelets)
Erythrocytes - answerred blood cells
Leukocytes - answerwhite blood cells
Thrombocytes - answerplatelets
Most abundant cells of the body - answererythrocytes
Functions of Erythrocytes - answerresponsible for tissue oxygenation, contain
hemoglobin and carry gases and electrolytes, have biconcavity and reversible deformity
Life cycle of erythrocytes - answer120 days, spleen replaces
Normal platelet count - answer150,000-400,000
Platelets are formed from - answerthe fragmentation of megakaryocytes
Platelets are produced, stored, and removed by what - answerproduced by the bone
marrow, stored and removed by the spleen
life span of platelets - answer5-9 days
function of platelets - answeressential for blood coagulation and the control of bleeding
, lymphoid organs - answersites of residence, proliferation, differentiation, and function of
lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes, link to the hematologic and immune system
primary lymphoid organs - answerthymus and bone marrow
secondary lymphoid organs - answerSpleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, and Peyer Patches
of the small intestine
Hematopoiesis - answerprocess of blood cell production in adult bone marrow or in the
liver/spleen of fetus
2 stages of hematopoiesis - answerMitosis (proliferation) cells divide
Maturation (differentiation) cells mature
bone marrow - answerprimary site of residence of hematopoietic stem cells, also called
myeloid tissue
2 types of bone marrow - answerred marrow (produce RBCs) and yellow marrow (do
not produce RBCs)
Stem cell pool - answerThe product of self-renewal that maintains the number of
pluripotent stem cells and partially committed progenitor cells
Bone marrow pool - answer-contains cells that are proliferating and maturing in
preparation for release into the circulation
-mature cells are stored for later release into the peripheral blood
3 factors that increase Hematopoiesis - answer(1) conversion of yellow bone marrow,
which does not produce blood cells, to hematopoietic red marrow by the actions of
erythropoietin (a hormone that stimulates erythrocyte production); (2) faster
differentiation of progenitor cells; and (3) faster proliferation of stem cells into progenitor
cells
Erythropoiesis - answerproduction of red blood cells
Erythrocytes derived from - answererythroblasts
Erythrocyte maturation stimulated by - answererythropoietin
how does a erythroid progenitor cell become an erythrocyte - answererythropoietin
stimulates progenitor cells into forming committed proerythroblasts, then into
normoblasts, into reticulocytes, into erythrocytes
Erythropoietin - answerhormone released from the kidney in response to low renal
oxygenation, produced in the peritubular interstitial cells of the kidney
