Patho Exam 4. GI
Enzyme that converts starch to maltose – answer amylase
Enzymes that digest disaccharides (3) – answer sucrase, lactase, maltase
malabsorption of disaccharides - answerlactose intolerance
difference between short reflexes and long reflexes - answerlong reflexes connect to
CNS, short reflexes are interconnected in GI tract
most common esophageal problem - answerGERD
difficulty swallowing - answerdysphagia
lack of rhythmic esophageal contractions due to incomplete relaxation of esophageal
sphincter - answerachalasia
stomach herniates into thorax due to tear or weakness in diaphragm - answerhiatal
hernia
chest pain, palpitations, shortness of breath, heartburn, dyspnea - answers/s hiatal
hernia
insufficient lipase or bile leads to - answermalabsorption of lipids
denature proteins in the stomach - answerhydrochloric acid and pepsin
inflammation of esophagus - answeresophagitis
inflammatory disorder in young people where wall of esophagus becomes filled with
eosinophils as a result of an allergic reaction - answereosinophilic esophagitis
inflammation and ulceration of esophagus due to chronic acid reflux - answererosive
esophagitis
backflow of gastric/duodenal contents into esophagus past lower esophageal sphincter -
answerGERD
abnormal relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter due to increased abdominal
pressure, hiatal hernia, or certain meds - answerGERD
acute epigastric pain or heart burn right after meal - answerGERD
, upper esophageal cancer - answersquamous cell carcinoma
lower esophageal cancer - answeradenocarcinoma
risk factor for lower esophageal cancer - answerBarrett's Esophagus
cells lining intestine come up to line esophagus- intestinal metaplasia - answerBarrett's
Esophagus
esophageal lacerations or tears that do not penetrate the esophageal wall -
answerMallory-Weiss syndrome
inflammation of mucosal lining of the stomach - answergastritis
lack of intrinsic factor leads to - answerpernicious anemia
intrinsic factor - answernormally produced by the stomach to help absorb vitamin b12
Pain, bloating, nausea/vomiting, pernicious anemia - answers/s gastritis
2 types of gastritis - answerH pylori infection and autoimmune
most common ulcer of GI tract - answerpeptic ulcer disease
causes of peptic ulcer disease (3) - answerH pylori or nsaids or (rare) gastrin-secreting
tumors (Zollinger-ellison syndrome)
most common location of peptic ulcers - answerduodenum
infection with H pylori, activates immune mast cells which produce a lot of histamine,
which stimulates acid production - answerpeptic ulcer disease
responsible for leading cause of cancer deaths - answerstomach cancer
inflammation of GI tract usually the small intestine - answergastroenteritis
causes of gastroenteritis (3) - answerrotavirus (kids), e. coli, campylobacter
blood in stool hallmark sign of what type of gasteroenteritis - answerbacterial
high risk of dehydration due to diarrhea and vomiting associated with... -
answergastroenteritis
IBS vs IBD - answerIBS - Irritable bowel syndrome= NONinflammatory
IBD- inflammatory bowel disease= chronic inflammatory process
Enzyme that converts starch to maltose – answer amylase
Enzymes that digest disaccharides (3) – answer sucrase, lactase, maltase
malabsorption of disaccharides - answerlactose intolerance
difference between short reflexes and long reflexes - answerlong reflexes connect to
CNS, short reflexes are interconnected in GI tract
most common esophageal problem - answerGERD
difficulty swallowing - answerdysphagia
lack of rhythmic esophageal contractions due to incomplete relaxation of esophageal
sphincter - answerachalasia
stomach herniates into thorax due to tear or weakness in diaphragm - answerhiatal
hernia
chest pain, palpitations, shortness of breath, heartburn, dyspnea - answers/s hiatal
hernia
insufficient lipase or bile leads to - answermalabsorption of lipids
denature proteins in the stomach - answerhydrochloric acid and pepsin
inflammation of esophagus - answeresophagitis
inflammatory disorder in young people where wall of esophagus becomes filled with
eosinophils as a result of an allergic reaction - answereosinophilic esophagitis
inflammation and ulceration of esophagus due to chronic acid reflux - answererosive
esophagitis
backflow of gastric/duodenal contents into esophagus past lower esophageal sphincter -
answerGERD
abnormal relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter due to increased abdominal
pressure, hiatal hernia, or certain meds - answerGERD
acute epigastric pain or heart burn right after meal - answerGERD
, upper esophageal cancer - answersquamous cell carcinoma
lower esophageal cancer - answeradenocarcinoma
risk factor for lower esophageal cancer - answerBarrett's Esophagus
cells lining intestine come up to line esophagus- intestinal metaplasia - answerBarrett's
Esophagus
esophageal lacerations or tears that do not penetrate the esophageal wall -
answerMallory-Weiss syndrome
inflammation of mucosal lining of the stomach - answergastritis
lack of intrinsic factor leads to - answerpernicious anemia
intrinsic factor - answernormally produced by the stomach to help absorb vitamin b12
Pain, bloating, nausea/vomiting, pernicious anemia - answers/s gastritis
2 types of gastritis - answerH pylori infection and autoimmune
most common ulcer of GI tract - answerpeptic ulcer disease
causes of peptic ulcer disease (3) - answerH pylori or nsaids or (rare) gastrin-secreting
tumors (Zollinger-ellison syndrome)
most common location of peptic ulcers - answerduodenum
infection with H pylori, activates immune mast cells which produce a lot of histamine,
which stimulates acid production - answerpeptic ulcer disease
responsible for leading cause of cancer deaths - answerstomach cancer
inflammation of GI tract usually the small intestine - answergastroenteritis
causes of gastroenteritis (3) - answerrotavirus (kids), e. coli, campylobacter
blood in stool hallmark sign of what type of gasteroenteritis - answerbacterial
high risk of dehydration due to diarrhea and vomiting associated with... -
answergastroenteritis
IBS vs IBD - answerIBS - Irritable bowel syndrome= NONinflammatory
IBD- inflammatory bowel disease= chronic inflammatory process
