ASPEN SELF-STUDY CNSC EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE
SOLUTION ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT DETAILED
BEST GRADED A+ FOR SUCCESS
A more recent study suggests that caloric beverages (milk, juice, sweetened beverages) consumed by
children were complementary to each other, and that more of a focus needs to be on total caloric intake
for weight management, and promoting balanced nutrient intake. Other recent findings claim that over
consumption of juice in particular is not necessarily associated with decreased intake of milk and other
food groups. It remains important to adhere to age appropriate recommendations for such beverages to
ensure that proper nutrition is practices.
What is the AAP recommendation for juice intake? - CORRECT ANSWERS The American
Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggests 4 to 6 ounces of 100% juice per day in children one to six years of
age and up to 12 ounces per day in children ages seven to eighteen years old
What is the AAP recommendation for milk intake? - CORRECT ANSWERS The AAP also states
that drinking 3 8 ounce glasses of milk per day (or equivalent in other non-dairy sources) will achieve the
recommended adequate intake of calcium in children 4-8 years of age and four 8-10 ounce glasses of
milk (or equivalent) will provide the adequate calcium intake for adolescents
A child with cerebral palsy and a gastric feeding tube is admitted to the hospital for a fundoplication.
This procedure is used to treat
1. gastroesophageal reflux
2. oral/motor dysfunction
3. malnutrition
4. esophagitis - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. gastroesophageal reflux
What are neurologically impaired children at risk for aspiration and pneumonia from? Is medical therapy
effective? - CORRECT ANSWERS Severe gastroesophageal reflux
Medical therapy for these children is not very effective, however vigorous trials of aggressive medical
therapy including anti-reflux medication, proton pump inhibitors, dietary adjustments and positioning
should be tried before a child undergoes an anti-reflux procedure
,ASPEN SELF-STUDY CNSC EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE
SOLUTION ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT DETAILED
BEST GRADED A+ FOR SUCCESS
What are the most common surgical techniques used in the treatment of severe reflux? - CORRECT
ANSWERS In the United States are the Thai and Nissen fundoplications which are performed via
open or laporoscopic approach
The chronic use of steroids in premature infants has been associated with:
1. osteopenia
2. cholestasis
3. nephrolithiasis
4. hypoglycemia - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. osteopenia
What is dexamethasone? - CORRECT ANSWERS a potent steroid used to assist with ventilator
weaning of premature infants
What negative impacts on nutritional status are associated with chronic steroid use (all of which lead to
osteopenia)? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Steroids interfere with calcium and vitamin D metabolism
2. Increase protein catabolism
3. Alter bone formation and resorption
4. Interfere with the growth-insulin-like growth factor axis
When used in assessment of critically ill children, how do predictive equations compare to indirect
calorimetry?
1. No consistent comparison can be found
2. Equations typically overestimate needs
,ASPEN SELF-STUDY CNSC EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE
SOLUTION ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT DETAILED
BEST GRADED A+ FOR SUCCESS
3. Equations typically underestimate needs
4. Equations correlate well with indirect calorimetry - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. No consistent
comparison can be found
How do predictive equations compare with actual measurements using indirect calorimetry when
predicting energy expenditure in children? - CORRECT ANSWERS Most equations are
significantly different both overestimating and underestimating, no consistent comparison can be found
A 13-year-old boy whose body mass index (BMI) is at the 97th percentile on the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention growth chart for age and sex would be classified as:
1. underweight
2. healthy weight
3. overweight
4. obese - CORRECT ANSWERS 4. obese
What is BMI? - CORRECT ANSWERS Body mass index is a screening tool used to identify children
over 2 years of age and adolescents who are outside of their healthy weight ranges
What BMI indicates overweight in children? - CORRECT ANSWERS Children with age and sex
specific BMIs between the 85th and 94th percentile are classified as obese
What BMI indicates obesity in children? - CORRECT ANSWERS Children with age and sex specific
BMIs greater than or equal to 95th percentile are classified as obese
Which of the following is NOT associated with a delayed bone age in a child with short stature?
, ASPEN SELF-STUDY CNSC EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE
SOLUTION ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT DETAILED
BEST GRADED A+ FOR SUCCESS
1. Hyperthyroidism
2. Precocious puberty
3. Cushing syndrome
4. Growth hormone deficiency - CORRECT ANSWERS 2. Precocious puberty
What is one of the most useful diagnostic tests in assessing a child with abnormal growth? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Bone age
How is bone age evaluated? - CORRECT ANSWERS The bone age is evaluated by a radiography
of the patient's knees or left wrist. Using established norms for different ages and sexes, a trained
observer can estimate the degree of maturation of the bones
What bone age is associated with precocious puberty? - CORRECT ANSWERS Precocious
puberty is usually associated with an advanced bone age
What bone age is associated with genetic short stature? - CORRECT ANSWERS Genetic short
stature typically is associated with a bone age similar to their chronological age
What 3 conditions are associated with a delayed bone age? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1.
Hypothyroidism
2. Growth hormone deficiency
3. Cushing syndrome
Which of the following preterm growth charts allows for comparison for preterm infants from 22 weeks
gestational age up through 10 weeks post term age?
1. Fenton
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE
SOLUTION ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT DETAILED
BEST GRADED A+ FOR SUCCESS
A more recent study suggests that caloric beverages (milk, juice, sweetened beverages) consumed by
children were complementary to each other, and that more of a focus needs to be on total caloric intake
for weight management, and promoting balanced nutrient intake. Other recent findings claim that over
consumption of juice in particular is not necessarily associated with decreased intake of milk and other
food groups. It remains important to adhere to age appropriate recommendations for such beverages to
ensure that proper nutrition is practices.
What is the AAP recommendation for juice intake? - CORRECT ANSWERS The American
Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggests 4 to 6 ounces of 100% juice per day in children one to six years of
age and up to 12 ounces per day in children ages seven to eighteen years old
What is the AAP recommendation for milk intake? - CORRECT ANSWERS The AAP also states
that drinking 3 8 ounce glasses of milk per day (or equivalent in other non-dairy sources) will achieve the
recommended adequate intake of calcium in children 4-8 years of age and four 8-10 ounce glasses of
milk (or equivalent) will provide the adequate calcium intake for adolescents
A child with cerebral palsy and a gastric feeding tube is admitted to the hospital for a fundoplication.
This procedure is used to treat
1. gastroesophageal reflux
2. oral/motor dysfunction
3. malnutrition
4. esophagitis - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. gastroesophageal reflux
What are neurologically impaired children at risk for aspiration and pneumonia from? Is medical therapy
effective? - CORRECT ANSWERS Severe gastroesophageal reflux
Medical therapy for these children is not very effective, however vigorous trials of aggressive medical
therapy including anti-reflux medication, proton pump inhibitors, dietary adjustments and positioning
should be tried before a child undergoes an anti-reflux procedure
,ASPEN SELF-STUDY CNSC EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE
SOLUTION ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT DETAILED
BEST GRADED A+ FOR SUCCESS
What are the most common surgical techniques used in the treatment of severe reflux? - CORRECT
ANSWERS In the United States are the Thai and Nissen fundoplications which are performed via
open or laporoscopic approach
The chronic use of steroids in premature infants has been associated with:
1. osteopenia
2. cholestasis
3. nephrolithiasis
4. hypoglycemia - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. osteopenia
What is dexamethasone? - CORRECT ANSWERS a potent steroid used to assist with ventilator
weaning of premature infants
What negative impacts on nutritional status are associated with chronic steroid use (all of which lead to
osteopenia)? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Steroids interfere with calcium and vitamin D metabolism
2. Increase protein catabolism
3. Alter bone formation and resorption
4. Interfere with the growth-insulin-like growth factor axis
When used in assessment of critically ill children, how do predictive equations compare to indirect
calorimetry?
1. No consistent comparison can be found
2. Equations typically overestimate needs
,ASPEN SELF-STUDY CNSC EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE
SOLUTION ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT DETAILED
BEST GRADED A+ FOR SUCCESS
3. Equations typically underestimate needs
4. Equations correlate well with indirect calorimetry - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. No consistent
comparison can be found
How do predictive equations compare with actual measurements using indirect calorimetry when
predicting energy expenditure in children? - CORRECT ANSWERS Most equations are
significantly different both overestimating and underestimating, no consistent comparison can be found
A 13-year-old boy whose body mass index (BMI) is at the 97th percentile on the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention growth chart for age and sex would be classified as:
1. underweight
2. healthy weight
3. overweight
4. obese - CORRECT ANSWERS 4. obese
What is BMI? - CORRECT ANSWERS Body mass index is a screening tool used to identify children
over 2 years of age and adolescents who are outside of their healthy weight ranges
What BMI indicates overweight in children? - CORRECT ANSWERS Children with age and sex
specific BMIs between the 85th and 94th percentile are classified as obese
What BMI indicates obesity in children? - CORRECT ANSWERS Children with age and sex specific
BMIs greater than or equal to 95th percentile are classified as obese
Which of the following is NOT associated with a delayed bone age in a child with short stature?
, ASPEN SELF-STUDY CNSC EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE
SOLUTION ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT DETAILED
BEST GRADED A+ FOR SUCCESS
1. Hyperthyroidism
2. Precocious puberty
3. Cushing syndrome
4. Growth hormone deficiency - CORRECT ANSWERS 2. Precocious puberty
What is one of the most useful diagnostic tests in assessing a child with abnormal growth? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Bone age
How is bone age evaluated? - CORRECT ANSWERS The bone age is evaluated by a radiography
of the patient's knees or left wrist. Using established norms for different ages and sexes, a trained
observer can estimate the degree of maturation of the bones
What bone age is associated with precocious puberty? - CORRECT ANSWERS Precocious
puberty is usually associated with an advanced bone age
What bone age is associated with genetic short stature? - CORRECT ANSWERS Genetic short
stature typically is associated with a bone age similar to their chronological age
What 3 conditions are associated with a delayed bone age? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1.
Hypothyroidism
2. Growth hormone deficiency
3. Cushing syndrome
Which of the following preterm growth charts allows for comparison for preterm infants from 22 weeks
gestational age up through 10 weeks post term age?
1. Fenton
