Lesson 5
Data Architecture
LO
1. You explain the significance of data organization to businesses.
2. You know the two basic concepts of data organization and can describe
them.
3. You know the methods and principles of file organization and can explain
them.
4. You understand the aspects of business data and can describe them.
5. You know the four types of business data and can explain them.
6. You know the basic structure of database systems and can describe them.
7. You know the requirements that a database management system (DBMS)
must meet and can explain them.
8. You understand the procedure in the development and implementation of
a database system and can describe this procedure.
9. You know the three steps of data modeling and can apply them.
,Lesson 5
1. Significance of Data Organization
Organisations create and use data
• in business processes
• in application software
• in exchange with other organizations
Data has to be ...
• stored securely, reliably and
• retrieved and accessed easily
Insufficient data organisation leads to ...
• redundancies: data is duplicate and triplicate
• inconsistencies: redundant data is contradictory, or data is missing
• miscalculations: because data was captured incorrectly
• extra work: time-consuming troubleshooting and clean-up
,Lesson 5
2. Two Concepts of Data Organization
File System
One or more applications directly access data
stored in files.
• data processing with files
• usage mainly by application software
(e.g., Word, Excel, Powerpoint,
• Photoshop)
• data stored individually in separate files
• storage and management via a file system
, Lesson 5
Database
One or more applications indirectly access
data stored in databases.
• usage mainly by ERP systems and
other complex software systems
• data stored in logical structures
• storage and management by
database management systems
Data Architecture
LO
1. You explain the significance of data organization to businesses.
2. You know the two basic concepts of data organization and can describe
them.
3. You know the methods and principles of file organization and can explain
them.
4. You understand the aspects of business data and can describe them.
5. You know the four types of business data and can explain them.
6. You know the basic structure of database systems and can describe them.
7. You know the requirements that a database management system (DBMS)
must meet and can explain them.
8. You understand the procedure in the development and implementation of
a database system and can describe this procedure.
9. You know the three steps of data modeling and can apply them.
,Lesson 5
1. Significance of Data Organization
Organisations create and use data
• in business processes
• in application software
• in exchange with other organizations
Data has to be ...
• stored securely, reliably and
• retrieved and accessed easily
Insufficient data organisation leads to ...
• redundancies: data is duplicate and triplicate
• inconsistencies: redundant data is contradictory, or data is missing
• miscalculations: because data was captured incorrectly
• extra work: time-consuming troubleshooting and clean-up
,Lesson 5
2. Two Concepts of Data Organization
File System
One or more applications directly access data
stored in files.
• data processing with files
• usage mainly by application software
(e.g., Word, Excel, Powerpoint,
• Photoshop)
• data stored individually in separate files
• storage and management via a file system
, Lesson 5
Database
One or more applications indirectly access
data stored in databases.
• usage mainly by ERP systems and
other complex software systems
• data stored in logical structures
• storage and management by
database management systems
