Page 1 of 56
KAPLAN FUNDAMENTALS REAL
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED SOLUTIONS NEWLY
MODIFIED TESTED AND APPROVED!!!
Change dressings when -- ANSWER--They become wet
How can you promote healing with any wound? -- ANSWER--Keep it moist,
clean, and free from debris
Tips for removing an old dressing -- ANSWER--Wear gown, face shield, and
gloves
Loosen by holding patient's skin and pulling dressing toward the wound
Slowly remove
Loosen with sterile normal saline
Observe dressing for drainage color, odor, etc
Discard dressing and gloves in waterprofoof trash
,Page 2 of 56
Caring for a wound -- ANSWER--Sterile procedure if fresh wound or open
wound
Saturate sterile gauze pads with cleaning agent
Wipe incision closest to open wound and then away to least clean area
Check for signs of infection, like heat, redness, swelling, odor
Irrigate as ordered
Pack the wound if ordered
Describe an airborne precautions room -- ANSWER--private room with
monitored negative air pressure with 6 to 12 changes per hour, keep door closed
and client in room, can place client with another but only if same organism,
place mask on client if being transported
Describe when airborne precautions are used -- ANSWER--used with pathogens
transmitted by airborne route that are less than 5 microns. They remain
suspended in the air.
Name diseases that would require airborne precautions (4) -- ANSWER-
measles, varicella, tuberculosis, and shingles until the lesions are crusted over.
,Page 3 of 56
What does nurse wear into an airborne precautions room? -- ANSWER--Use
respiratory protection, like a protective mask, that is fit-tested. Do not share
with other providers.
How do you ambulate with a cane? -- ANSWER--Cane should be held in hand
opposite affected extremity. Advance cane and affected leg, about 4 to 12
inches. To go upstairs, step up with good extremity and then place cane and
affected extremity on step. Reverse when going downstairs.
Before ambulation, what should you assess? -- ANSWER--Activity tolerance of
the patient, strength, mobility status, mental status, degree of personnel and
equipment assistance needed. Assess safety of environment and adequacy of
clothing, including nonslip shoes.
Before ambulation, what should you talk to the patient about? -- ANSWER-
Inform patient of rationale and specific goals for walking. Tell them to report
any dizziness, weakness, or shortness of breath.
Describe how to ambulate in progressive stages -- ANSWER--First sit on the
bed and dangle, then stand to side of bed, then progressively walking. Nurse can
use gait belt to support patient. If patient is dizzy or unsteady, return patient to
close bed, chair, or gently lower to the floor.
, Page 4 of 56
Name some ambulatory assistance devices -- ANSWER--Gait belt, crutches,
walker, cane
Purpose of ambulation -- ANSWER--Allows for muscle movement and joint
flexibility. Improves respiratory and GI function. Rules risk of complications of
immobility.
Nursing proper body mechanics to prevent injury -- ANSWER--Bed to proper
working height
Lower side rail on side of patient contact
Bend knees when lifting
Assess weight before lifting
Determine if assistance needed
Hold lifted object close to body
Don't twist
Push rather than pull
Low center of gravity
Wide base of support
Is informed consent required for bone marrow biopsy? -- ANSWER--yes
KAPLAN FUNDAMENTALS REAL
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED SOLUTIONS NEWLY
MODIFIED TESTED AND APPROVED!!!
Change dressings when -- ANSWER--They become wet
How can you promote healing with any wound? -- ANSWER--Keep it moist,
clean, and free from debris
Tips for removing an old dressing -- ANSWER--Wear gown, face shield, and
gloves
Loosen by holding patient's skin and pulling dressing toward the wound
Slowly remove
Loosen with sterile normal saline
Observe dressing for drainage color, odor, etc
Discard dressing and gloves in waterprofoof trash
,Page 2 of 56
Caring for a wound -- ANSWER--Sterile procedure if fresh wound or open
wound
Saturate sterile gauze pads with cleaning agent
Wipe incision closest to open wound and then away to least clean area
Check for signs of infection, like heat, redness, swelling, odor
Irrigate as ordered
Pack the wound if ordered
Describe an airborne precautions room -- ANSWER--private room with
monitored negative air pressure with 6 to 12 changes per hour, keep door closed
and client in room, can place client with another but only if same organism,
place mask on client if being transported
Describe when airborne precautions are used -- ANSWER--used with pathogens
transmitted by airborne route that are less than 5 microns. They remain
suspended in the air.
Name diseases that would require airborne precautions (4) -- ANSWER-
measles, varicella, tuberculosis, and shingles until the lesions are crusted over.
,Page 3 of 56
What does nurse wear into an airborne precautions room? -- ANSWER--Use
respiratory protection, like a protective mask, that is fit-tested. Do not share
with other providers.
How do you ambulate with a cane? -- ANSWER--Cane should be held in hand
opposite affected extremity. Advance cane and affected leg, about 4 to 12
inches. To go upstairs, step up with good extremity and then place cane and
affected extremity on step. Reverse when going downstairs.
Before ambulation, what should you assess? -- ANSWER--Activity tolerance of
the patient, strength, mobility status, mental status, degree of personnel and
equipment assistance needed. Assess safety of environment and adequacy of
clothing, including nonslip shoes.
Before ambulation, what should you talk to the patient about? -- ANSWER-
Inform patient of rationale and specific goals for walking. Tell them to report
any dizziness, weakness, or shortness of breath.
Describe how to ambulate in progressive stages -- ANSWER--First sit on the
bed and dangle, then stand to side of bed, then progressively walking. Nurse can
use gait belt to support patient. If patient is dizzy or unsteady, return patient to
close bed, chair, or gently lower to the floor.
, Page 4 of 56
Name some ambulatory assistance devices -- ANSWER--Gait belt, crutches,
walker, cane
Purpose of ambulation -- ANSWER--Allows for muscle movement and joint
flexibility. Improves respiratory and GI function. Rules risk of complications of
immobility.
Nursing proper body mechanics to prevent injury -- ANSWER--Bed to proper
working height
Lower side rail on side of patient contact
Bend knees when lifting
Assess weight before lifting
Determine if assistance needed
Hold lifted object close to body
Don't twist
Push rather than pull
Low center of gravity
Wide base of support
Is informed consent required for bone marrow biopsy? -- ANSWER--yes
