Page 1 of 67
NEW APHY101 PRACTICE EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED
SOLUTIONS
Define ion -- ANSWER--When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become ions.
Define synthesis reaction -- ANSWER--Two or more atoms or molecules are
joined together
Define decomposition reaction -- ANSWER--Larger molecules are broken down
into smaller ones
Define exchange reaction -- ANSWER--Parts of molecules trade places
Define reactant -- ANSWER--The starting materials of the reaction - the atoms,
ions, or molecules
Define product -- ANSWER--Substances formed at the end of the chemical
reaction
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Define catalyst -- ANSWER--influence the rates of chemical reactions
What is an acid? -- ANSWER--Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in water
What is a base? -- ANSWER--Electrolytes that release ions that combine with
hydrogen ions in water
What is a salt? -- ANSWER--Acids and bases that react to form water and
electrolytes
What is a pH scale? -- ANSWER--represents the concentration of hydrogen ions
[H+] in solution
Neutral solution -- ANSWER--pH 7;
indicates equal concentrations of H+
and OH-
Acidic solution -- ANSWER--pH less than
7; indicates a greater concentration of H+
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Basic solution -- ANSWER--pH greater than 7; indicates a greater concentration
of OH-
What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? -- ANSWER-
Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts, whereas physiology is the
study of the function of body parts
What are the levels of organization? -- ANSWER--subatomic particles, atom,
molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
What are the requirements of life? -- ANSWER--Water, food, oxygen, heat,
pressure
What are the characteristics of life? -- ANSWER--Movement (internal or gross);
Responsiveness (reaction to internal or external change); Growth (increase in
size without change in shape); Reproduction (new organisms or new cells);
Respiration (use of oxygen; removal of CO2); Digestion (breakdown of food);
Absorption (movement of substances through membranes and into fluids);
Circulation (movement within body fluids); Assimilation (changing nutrients
into chemically different forms); Excretion (removal of metabolic wastes)
Define homeostasis -- ANSWER--Body's maintenance of a stable environment
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What is a homeostatic mechanism? -- ANSWER--the body maintains
homeostasis through a number of self-regulating control systems; examples are
regulating body temperature and pressure sensitive receptors to regulate body
pressure
Define matter -- ANSWER--Anything that takes up space and has mass
(weight). It is composed of elements.
Define element -- ANSWER--fundamental substance composed of chemically
identical atoms
Define atoms -- ANSWER--smallest particle of an element; basic unit of matter
What is the structure of an atom? -- ANSWER--An atom consists of a nucleus
containing protons and neutrons, with electrons in orbit around the nucleus.
Atomic nucleus -- ANSWER--the nucleus contains protons and neutrons
Proton -- ANSWER--subatomic particle that has a positive charge
NEW APHY101 PRACTICE EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED
SOLUTIONS
Define ion -- ANSWER--When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become ions.
Define synthesis reaction -- ANSWER--Two or more atoms or molecules are
joined together
Define decomposition reaction -- ANSWER--Larger molecules are broken down
into smaller ones
Define exchange reaction -- ANSWER--Parts of molecules trade places
Define reactant -- ANSWER--The starting materials of the reaction - the atoms,
ions, or molecules
Define product -- ANSWER--Substances formed at the end of the chemical
reaction
,Page 2 of 67
Define catalyst -- ANSWER--influence the rates of chemical reactions
What is an acid? -- ANSWER--Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in water
What is a base? -- ANSWER--Electrolytes that release ions that combine with
hydrogen ions in water
What is a salt? -- ANSWER--Acids and bases that react to form water and
electrolytes
What is a pH scale? -- ANSWER--represents the concentration of hydrogen ions
[H+] in solution
Neutral solution -- ANSWER--pH 7;
indicates equal concentrations of H+
and OH-
Acidic solution -- ANSWER--pH less than
7; indicates a greater concentration of H+
,Page 3 of 67
Basic solution -- ANSWER--pH greater than 7; indicates a greater concentration
of OH-
What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? -- ANSWER-
Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts, whereas physiology is the
study of the function of body parts
What are the levels of organization? -- ANSWER--subatomic particles, atom,
molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
What are the requirements of life? -- ANSWER--Water, food, oxygen, heat,
pressure
What are the characteristics of life? -- ANSWER--Movement (internal or gross);
Responsiveness (reaction to internal or external change); Growth (increase in
size without change in shape); Reproduction (new organisms or new cells);
Respiration (use of oxygen; removal of CO2); Digestion (breakdown of food);
Absorption (movement of substances through membranes and into fluids);
Circulation (movement within body fluids); Assimilation (changing nutrients
into chemically different forms); Excretion (removal of metabolic wastes)
Define homeostasis -- ANSWER--Body's maintenance of a stable environment
, Page 4 of 67
What is a homeostatic mechanism? -- ANSWER--the body maintains
homeostasis through a number of self-regulating control systems; examples are
regulating body temperature and pressure sensitive receptors to regulate body
pressure
Define matter -- ANSWER--Anything that takes up space and has mass
(weight). It is composed of elements.
Define element -- ANSWER--fundamental substance composed of chemically
identical atoms
Define atoms -- ANSWER--smallest particle of an element; basic unit of matter
What is the structure of an atom? -- ANSWER--An atom consists of a nucleus
containing protons and neutrons, with electrons in orbit around the nucleus.
Atomic nucleus -- ANSWER--the nucleus contains protons and neutrons
Proton -- ANSWER--subatomic particle that has a positive charge
