NYU pharmacology exam 2 EXAM Questions & Answers | Latest Alread
Graded A+ UPDATE 2025|2026 !!
1. Narrow spectrum penicillin amoxicillin, used for staphylococcus infections
2. Broad spectrum penicillin ampicillin, used for gram + and gram -
3. Extended spectrum penicillin Piperacillin, used for more gram -
bone, joint, skin, soft tissue, respiratory tract, urinary tract
infections
4. Penicillin MOA interferes with cell wall synthesis, bactericidal
5. Penicillin Adverse reactions GI distress, superinfection, 5%-10% of pts have allergy
6. Penicillin contrainciations hx of allergy/anaphylaxis; renal insufficiency
7. Bactericidal kills bacteria
8. Bacteriostatic inhibits bacterial growth
9. Beta lactamase inhibitor Tazobactam
10. tazobactam use treat bite wound infections, bloodstream infections, DM
foot infections, intra-abdominal infections, pneumonia,
sepsis
11. Tazobactam Adverse reactions GI distress, superinfection, headache, insomina
12. Cephalosporins MOA inhibit cell wall synthesis; bactericidal
13. Cephalosporins adverse effects GI distress, nephrotoxicity, decresed seizure threshold,
5%-10% allergic
14. 1st generation cephalosporins Cephalexin; only gram +
15. 2nd generation cephalosporins Cefaclor; gram - but not psudomonas
, NYU pharmacology exam 2 EXAM Questions & Answers | Latest Alread
Graded A+ UPDATE 2025|2026 !!
16. 3rd generation cephalosporins ceftrixane; more gram - and crosses the blood brain barrier
17. 4th generation cephalosporins Cefepime; gram - and gram + includes pseudomonas
18. 5th generation cephalosporins Ceftaroline; treatment for MRSA
19. Macrolides Erythromycin
20. Erythromycin MOA inhibits protein synthesis; bacteriostatic and can be bacte-
ricidal in large doses
21. Erythromycin uses Respiratory (upper), GI tract, mycoplasma, chlamydia, le-
gionella
22. Erythromycin adverse reactions GI distress, superinfection, hepatotoxicity (excreted by the
liver)/ototoxicity, prolonged QT interval
23. Erythromycin considerations -Contraindicated with Statins
-Decreases effectiveness of oral contraceptives
24. Lincosamides Clindamycin
25. Clindamycin MOA inhibits protein synthesis; bacteriostatic and bactericidal
26. Clindamycin uses Osteomyelitis and Toxic shock syndrome
-also severe PID, post-partum endometriosis, septic arthri-
tis, skin and soft tissue infection
27. Clindamycin side effects C. diff because its so broad spectrum
28. Glycopeptides Vancomycin
29. Vancomycin MOA inhibits cell wall synthesis; primarily active against gram +
MRSA and C.diff
, NYU pharmacology exam 2 EXAM Questions & Answers | Latest Alread
Graded A+ UPDATE 2025|2026 !!
30. Vancomycin Uses Oral: C.diff; IV: MRSA
31. Vancomycin considerations -75% excreted by the kidneys (very nephrotoxic)
-very caustic to the veins (rotate access/IV sites and monitor
for infiltration/phlebitis)
32. red man syndrome Due to rapid infusion of vancomycin (go slow to prevent
-causes flush and rash
-let the provider know
-differentiate between this and hypersensitivity
33. Tetracycline MOA inhibits protein synthesis; bacteriostatic
34. tetracycline Uses Broad spectrum antibiotic for gram + and gram -; used for
atypical bacteria; H.Pylori, acne vulgaris, anthrax
35. Tetracycline adverse reactions -photosensitivity (avoid sun and use sunscreen)
-teratogenic
-GI distress
-causes tooth discoloration and impacts long bones in chil-
dren under 8
36. Aminoglycosides Gentamicin
37. Gentamicin MOA inhibits protein synthesis; broad spectrum bactericidal
38. Gentamicin uses Severe gram - infections
39. gentamicin adverse reactions -superinfection
-nephrotoxicity/ototoxicity (pt will need dialysis)
-thrombocytopenia
40. Gentamicin considerations
Graded A+ UPDATE 2025|2026 !!
1. Narrow spectrum penicillin amoxicillin, used for staphylococcus infections
2. Broad spectrum penicillin ampicillin, used for gram + and gram -
3. Extended spectrum penicillin Piperacillin, used for more gram -
bone, joint, skin, soft tissue, respiratory tract, urinary tract
infections
4. Penicillin MOA interferes with cell wall synthesis, bactericidal
5. Penicillin Adverse reactions GI distress, superinfection, 5%-10% of pts have allergy
6. Penicillin contrainciations hx of allergy/anaphylaxis; renal insufficiency
7. Bactericidal kills bacteria
8. Bacteriostatic inhibits bacterial growth
9. Beta lactamase inhibitor Tazobactam
10. tazobactam use treat bite wound infections, bloodstream infections, DM
foot infections, intra-abdominal infections, pneumonia,
sepsis
11. Tazobactam Adverse reactions GI distress, superinfection, headache, insomina
12. Cephalosporins MOA inhibit cell wall synthesis; bactericidal
13. Cephalosporins adverse effects GI distress, nephrotoxicity, decresed seizure threshold,
5%-10% allergic
14. 1st generation cephalosporins Cephalexin; only gram +
15. 2nd generation cephalosporins Cefaclor; gram - but not psudomonas
, NYU pharmacology exam 2 EXAM Questions & Answers | Latest Alread
Graded A+ UPDATE 2025|2026 !!
16. 3rd generation cephalosporins ceftrixane; more gram - and crosses the blood brain barrier
17. 4th generation cephalosporins Cefepime; gram - and gram + includes pseudomonas
18. 5th generation cephalosporins Ceftaroline; treatment for MRSA
19. Macrolides Erythromycin
20. Erythromycin MOA inhibits protein synthesis; bacteriostatic and can be bacte-
ricidal in large doses
21. Erythromycin uses Respiratory (upper), GI tract, mycoplasma, chlamydia, le-
gionella
22. Erythromycin adverse reactions GI distress, superinfection, hepatotoxicity (excreted by the
liver)/ototoxicity, prolonged QT interval
23. Erythromycin considerations -Contraindicated with Statins
-Decreases effectiveness of oral contraceptives
24. Lincosamides Clindamycin
25. Clindamycin MOA inhibits protein synthesis; bacteriostatic and bactericidal
26. Clindamycin uses Osteomyelitis and Toxic shock syndrome
-also severe PID, post-partum endometriosis, septic arthri-
tis, skin and soft tissue infection
27. Clindamycin side effects C. diff because its so broad spectrum
28. Glycopeptides Vancomycin
29. Vancomycin MOA inhibits cell wall synthesis; primarily active against gram +
MRSA and C.diff
, NYU pharmacology exam 2 EXAM Questions & Answers | Latest Alread
Graded A+ UPDATE 2025|2026 !!
30. Vancomycin Uses Oral: C.diff; IV: MRSA
31. Vancomycin considerations -75% excreted by the kidneys (very nephrotoxic)
-very caustic to the veins (rotate access/IV sites and monitor
for infiltration/phlebitis)
32. red man syndrome Due to rapid infusion of vancomycin (go slow to prevent
-causes flush and rash
-let the provider know
-differentiate between this and hypersensitivity
33. Tetracycline MOA inhibits protein synthesis; bacteriostatic
34. tetracycline Uses Broad spectrum antibiotic for gram + and gram -; used for
atypical bacteria; H.Pylori, acne vulgaris, anthrax
35. Tetracycline adverse reactions -photosensitivity (avoid sun and use sunscreen)
-teratogenic
-GI distress
-causes tooth discoloration and impacts long bones in chil-
dren under 8
36. Aminoglycosides Gentamicin
37. Gentamicin MOA inhibits protein synthesis; broad spectrum bactericidal
38. Gentamicin uses Severe gram - infections
39. gentamicin adverse reactions -superinfection
-nephrotoxicity/ototoxicity (pt will need dialysis)
-thrombocytopenia
40. Gentamicin considerations
