Page 1 of 75
ONCC| ONS CHEMOTHERAPY
IMMUNOTHERAPY CERTIFICATION PRACTICE
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What are the two most nephrotoxic drugs? -- ANSWER--streptozocin and
semustine
What are the most common side effects of antimetabolites? -- ANSWER--
myelosuppresion, GI toxicities, photosensitivity, hand foot syndrome,
What kind of chemo therapy require life time doses? -- ANSWER--antitumor
antibiotics
What are examples of anthracyclines that? -- ANSWER--doxorubicin,
daunarubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin
What are lifetime doses needed for anthrcyclines? -- ANSWER--cardiotoxicity
What are classes of antitumor antibiotics? -- ANSWER--anthracyclines and
nonanthracyclines
What are examples of non-anthracyclines? -- ANSWER--actinomycin d,
mitomycin c, bleomycin
, Page 2 of 75
What is the role of innate immunity? -- ANSWER--is to mount a non-specific
response to a non-self entity that does not retain memory of the entity
What types of things does innate immunity respond to? -- ANSWER--skin,
mucous membranes, normal flora of the skin and gut as barrier or bacterial
protection against foreign substances AND cellular components such as
phagocytes, natural killer cells, granulocytes, and macrophages
If innate immunity proves to be insufficient, what is mobilized? -- ANSWER--
adaptive immunity
Adaptive immunity leads to what? -- ANSWER--immune system memory
related to a pathogen or foreign substance
What are the three parts of adaptive immunity? -- ANSWER--humoral
immunity, cell mediated immunity, regulatory t-cells
What is the p53 gene also called? -- ANSWER--suicide gene
What does neoadjuvant therapy refer to? -- ANSWER--treatment given as a first
step to shrink a tumor before the main treatment
, Page 3 of 75
What is adjuvant therapy? -- ANSWER--additional cancer treatment given after
the primary treatment to lower the risk that cancer will occur
How do alkylating agents function? -- ANSWER--by causing a break in the
DNA helix strand, causing interference with DNA replication, which results in
cell death
What are the three most common alkylating agent chemo's? -- ANSWER--
cytoxan, ifos, bendamustine
How are alkylating agents and platinum based chemo's different? -- ANSWER--
platinum based chemo's do not have the molecule to to attach to and destroy
DNA
What is humoral immunity made up of? -- ANSWER--b lymphocytes, memory
b cells, and plasma to produce immunoglobulins or antibodies
What is cell mediated immunity dependent on? -- ANSWER--cytotoxic t-cells,
helper t-cells and their cytokines
What are regulatory t-cells also known as? -- ANSWER--supressor t-cells
What do regulatory t-cells do? -- ANSWER--regulate the immune response to
prevent autoimmune reactions and limit inflammatory responses
, Page 4 of 75
What are cytokines? -- ANSWER--cytokines are secreted by lymphocytes with
the intention of stimulating macrophages and cytotoxic t lymphocytes to
identify and kill pathogen infected cells or tumor cells
What do proto-oncogenes do? -- ANSWER--regulate normal cell growth and
division.
What are proto-oncogenes? -- ANSWER--they are a large family of genes that
code for proteins and enzymes that turn on the cell cycle
If a mistake in copies of DNA occur next to a porto-oncogene, it can "turn on"
and become what? -- ANSWER--oncogene
What are two examples of an oncogene? -- ANSWER--EGFR/Erb- B1 and Erb-
B2/HER2
What is a very important tumor suppressor gene? -- ANSWER--p53
The stem cell divides, producing undifferentiated stem cells that are of what
lineage? -- ANSWER--myeloid or lymphoid
What cells do myeloid precursors turn into? -- ANSWER--red blood cells, white
blood cells, and platelets
ONCC| ONS CHEMOTHERAPY
IMMUNOTHERAPY CERTIFICATION PRACTICE
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What are the two most nephrotoxic drugs? -- ANSWER--streptozocin and
semustine
What are the most common side effects of antimetabolites? -- ANSWER--
myelosuppresion, GI toxicities, photosensitivity, hand foot syndrome,
What kind of chemo therapy require life time doses? -- ANSWER--antitumor
antibiotics
What are examples of anthracyclines that? -- ANSWER--doxorubicin,
daunarubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin
What are lifetime doses needed for anthrcyclines? -- ANSWER--cardiotoxicity
What are classes of antitumor antibiotics? -- ANSWER--anthracyclines and
nonanthracyclines
What are examples of non-anthracyclines? -- ANSWER--actinomycin d,
mitomycin c, bleomycin
, Page 2 of 75
What is the role of innate immunity? -- ANSWER--is to mount a non-specific
response to a non-self entity that does not retain memory of the entity
What types of things does innate immunity respond to? -- ANSWER--skin,
mucous membranes, normal flora of the skin and gut as barrier or bacterial
protection against foreign substances AND cellular components such as
phagocytes, natural killer cells, granulocytes, and macrophages
If innate immunity proves to be insufficient, what is mobilized? -- ANSWER--
adaptive immunity
Adaptive immunity leads to what? -- ANSWER--immune system memory
related to a pathogen or foreign substance
What are the three parts of adaptive immunity? -- ANSWER--humoral
immunity, cell mediated immunity, regulatory t-cells
What is the p53 gene also called? -- ANSWER--suicide gene
What does neoadjuvant therapy refer to? -- ANSWER--treatment given as a first
step to shrink a tumor before the main treatment
, Page 3 of 75
What is adjuvant therapy? -- ANSWER--additional cancer treatment given after
the primary treatment to lower the risk that cancer will occur
How do alkylating agents function? -- ANSWER--by causing a break in the
DNA helix strand, causing interference with DNA replication, which results in
cell death
What are the three most common alkylating agent chemo's? -- ANSWER--
cytoxan, ifos, bendamustine
How are alkylating agents and platinum based chemo's different? -- ANSWER--
platinum based chemo's do not have the molecule to to attach to and destroy
DNA
What is humoral immunity made up of? -- ANSWER--b lymphocytes, memory
b cells, and plasma to produce immunoglobulins or antibodies
What is cell mediated immunity dependent on? -- ANSWER--cytotoxic t-cells,
helper t-cells and their cytokines
What are regulatory t-cells also known as? -- ANSWER--supressor t-cells
What do regulatory t-cells do? -- ANSWER--regulate the immune response to
prevent autoimmune reactions and limit inflammatory responses
, Page 4 of 75
What are cytokines? -- ANSWER--cytokines are secreted by lymphocytes with
the intention of stimulating macrophages and cytotoxic t lymphocytes to
identify and kill pathogen infected cells or tumor cells
What do proto-oncogenes do? -- ANSWER--regulate normal cell growth and
division.
What are proto-oncogenes? -- ANSWER--they are a large family of genes that
code for proteins and enzymes that turn on the cell cycle
If a mistake in copies of DNA occur next to a porto-oncogene, it can "turn on"
and become what? -- ANSWER--oncogene
What are two examples of an oncogene? -- ANSWER--EGFR/Erb- B1 and Erb-
B2/HER2
What is a very important tumor suppressor gene? -- ANSWER--p53
The stem cell divides, producing undifferentiated stem cells that are of what
lineage? -- ANSWER--myeloid or lymphoid
What cells do myeloid precursors turn into? -- ANSWER--red blood cells, white
blood cells, and platelets
