Page 1 of 77
NEW MODIFIED ESSENTIALS OF SOCIOLOGY
HENSLIN
ESSENTIALS OF SOCIOLOGY HENSLIN WITH
CHAPTERS 1,6,9,12,14 NEW EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Concrete Operational stage -- ANSWER--Piaget's third stage of development;
we can now understand numbers, size, causation, and speed and we are able to
take the role of others
conflict theory -- ANSWER--a theoretical framework in which society is viewed
as composed of groups that are competing for scare resources
conventional stage -- ANSWER--follow rules because it's the right thing to do
counterculture -- ANSWER--a group whose values, beliefs, norms, and related
behaviors place its members in opposition to the broader culture
cultural diffusion -- ANSWER--the spread of cultural traits from one group to
another; includes both material and nonmaterial cultural traits.
, Page 2 of 77
cultural lag -- ANSWER--Ogburn's term for human behavior lagging behind
technological innovations.
Auguste Comte -- ANSWER--the father of sociology. began to analyze the
bases of the social order; stressed that the scientific method should be applied to
the study of society, he did not apply it himself
achieved status -- ANSWER--a position that is earned, accomplished, or
involves at least some effort or activity on the individual's part
agents of socialization -- ANSWER--individuals or groups that affect our self-
concept, attitudes, behaviors, or other orientations toward life
American values -- ANSWER--Achievement & success; individualism, hard
work, efficiency & practicality; material comfort; freedom; democracy, equality;
group superiority; education, religiousity, romantic love
Karl Marx -- ANSWER--Developer of class conflict/class theory. Active agent
of change.
, Page 3 of 77
applied sociology -- ANSWER--the use of sociology to solve problems--from
the micro level of family relationships to the macro level of global pollution
hypothesis -- ANSWER--a position an individual either inherits at birth or
receives involuntarily later in life, possible explanation for a set of observations
or possible answer to a scientific question
Social Research Processes -- ANSWER--1. Define the problem
A. Select a topic
B. Define Key concepts
II Review the literature
Don't do what has already been done
III Form an hypothesis
A. Predicted Relationship
B Use operational definition
IV Choose a Research Design or Method
Research processes -- ANSWER--A. Collect data
B. Analyze data
C. Draw Conclusion
, Page 4 of 77
basic (pure) sociology -- ANSWER--sociological research for the purpose of
making discoveries about life in human groups, not for making changes in those
groups.
body language -- ANSWER--the ways in which people use their bodies to give
messages to others
bourgeoisie -- ANSWER--Marx' term for capitalists; those who own the means
of production
C. Wright Mills -- ANSWER--a controversial figure in sociology because of his
analysis of the role of the power elite in US society. Today, his analysis is taken
for granted by many sociologists and members of the public.
class conflict -- ANSWER--Marx' term for the struggle between capitalists and
workers
common sense -- ANSWER--those things that "everyone knows" are true
NEW MODIFIED ESSENTIALS OF SOCIOLOGY
HENSLIN
ESSENTIALS OF SOCIOLOGY HENSLIN WITH
CHAPTERS 1,6,9,12,14 NEW EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Concrete Operational stage -- ANSWER--Piaget's third stage of development;
we can now understand numbers, size, causation, and speed and we are able to
take the role of others
conflict theory -- ANSWER--a theoretical framework in which society is viewed
as composed of groups that are competing for scare resources
conventional stage -- ANSWER--follow rules because it's the right thing to do
counterculture -- ANSWER--a group whose values, beliefs, norms, and related
behaviors place its members in opposition to the broader culture
cultural diffusion -- ANSWER--the spread of cultural traits from one group to
another; includes both material and nonmaterial cultural traits.
, Page 2 of 77
cultural lag -- ANSWER--Ogburn's term for human behavior lagging behind
technological innovations.
Auguste Comte -- ANSWER--the father of sociology. began to analyze the
bases of the social order; stressed that the scientific method should be applied to
the study of society, he did not apply it himself
achieved status -- ANSWER--a position that is earned, accomplished, or
involves at least some effort or activity on the individual's part
agents of socialization -- ANSWER--individuals or groups that affect our self-
concept, attitudes, behaviors, or other orientations toward life
American values -- ANSWER--Achievement & success; individualism, hard
work, efficiency & practicality; material comfort; freedom; democracy, equality;
group superiority; education, religiousity, romantic love
Karl Marx -- ANSWER--Developer of class conflict/class theory. Active agent
of change.
, Page 3 of 77
applied sociology -- ANSWER--the use of sociology to solve problems--from
the micro level of family relationships to the macro level of global pollution
hypothesis -- ANSWER--a position an individual either inherits at birth or
receives involuntarily later in life, possible explanation for a set of observations
or possible answer to a scientific question
Social Research Processes -- ANSWER--1. Define the problem
A. Select a topic
B. Define Key concepts
II Review the literature
Don't do what has already been done
III Form an hypothesis
A. Predicted Relationship
B Use operational definition
IV Choose a Research Design or Method
Research processes -- ANSWER--A. Collect data
B. Analyze data
C. Draw Conclusion
, Page 4 of 77
basic (pure) sociology -- ANSWER--sociological research for the purpose of
making discoveries about life in human groups, not for making changes in those
groups.
body language -- ANSWER--the ways in which people use their bodies to give
messages to others
bourgeoisie -- ANSWER--Marx' term for capitalists; those who own the means
of production
C. Wright Mills -- ANSWER--a controversial figure in sociology because of his
analysis of the role of the power elite in US society. Today, his analysis is taken
for granted by many sociologists and members of the public.
class conflict -- ANSWER--Marx' term for the struggle between capitalists and
workers
common sense -- ANSWER--those things that "everyone knows" are true
