TEST BANK
RADIATION PROTECTION IN MEDICALRADIOGRAPHY 9TH EDITION
By Mary Alice Statkiewicz Sherer
, TABLE OF CONTENT12 12
Chapter121.12Introduction12to12Radiation12Protection
Chapter122.1 2 Radiation:1 2 Types,12Sources,12and1 2 Doses12Recei
ved2C
1 hapter123.12Interaction12of12X-Radiation12with12Matter
Chapter124.12Radiation12Quantities12and12Un
its2C
1 hapter125.12Radiation12Monitoring
Chapter126.1 2 Overview12of12Cell12Biology
Chapter127.12Molecular12and12Cellular12Radiation12Biology
Chapter128.12Early12Tissue12Reactions12and12Their12Effects12on12Organ12Systems12C
hapter129.12Stochastic12Effects12and12Late12Tissue12Reactions12of12Radiation12in12Or
gan2S
1 ystems
Chapter1210.12Dose12Limits12for12Exposure12to12Ionizing12Radia
tion2C
1 hapter1211.12 Equipment12Design12for12 Radiation12 Protecti
on
Chapter1212.12Management12of12Patient12Radiation12Dose12During12Diagnostic12X
-Ray2P
1 rocedures
Chapter1213.1 2 Radiation1 2 Safety12in1 2 Computed12Tomography12and1 2 Mammogra
phy2C
1 hapter1214.12Management12of12Imaging12Personnel12Radiation12Dose12Duri
ng12Diagnostic12X-Ray12Procedures
Chapter1215.12Radioisotopes12and12Radiation12 Protection
Chapter1 2 01:12 Introduction1 2 to12 Radiation1 2 Protection
Sherer:1 2 Radiation1 2 Protection12in12Medical1 2 Radiography,1 2 9th1 2 Edition
MULTIPLE12 CHOIC
E
1. Consequences12of12ionization1 2 in12 human1 2 cells1 2 include
1. creation12of12unstable1 2 atoms.
2. production1 2 of12free1 2 electrons.
3. creation12of12highly12reactive12free12molecules12(called12free12radicals)12capable12of12produci
ng12substances1 2 poisonous1 2 to12 the1 2 cell.
4. creation12of12new12biologic1 2 molecules1 2 detrimental1 2 to12the12living1 2 cell.
5. injury12to12the1 2 cell1 2 that1 2 may12 manifest1 2 itself1 2 as12abnormal1 2 function1 2 or12loss1 2 of12function.
6. production12of12low-energy12 x-ray12photons.
a. 1,122,123,12and12412only
b. 2,123,124,12and12512only
c. 3,124,125,12and12612only
d. All12the12options
ANS:12D
,2. Which1 2 of12the1 2 following12is1 2 a12form1 2 of12radiation12that1 2 is1 2 capable1 2 of12creating12electrically1
2charged12particles12by12removing12orbital12electrons12from12the12atom12of12normal12matter12through1
2which12it12passes?
a. Ionizing1 2 radiation
b. Nonionizing1 2 radiation
c. Subatomic1 2 radiation
d. Ultrasonic1 2 radiation
ANS:12A
3. Regarding1 2 exposure1 2 to12ionizing1 2 radiation,12patients1 2 who1 2 are12educated1 2 to12understand1 2 the
12 medical12benefit1 2 of12an12imaging1 2 procedure1 2 are1 2 more12 likely1 2 to
a. assume12a12small12chance12of12biologic12damage12but12not12suppress12any12radiation12ph
obia12they1 2 may1 2 have.
b. cancel1 2 their1 2 scheduled12 procedure1 2 because1 2 they1 2 are1 2 not12 willing12 to1 2 assume
12 a12small12chance1 2 of12 biologic1 2 damage.
c. suppress1 2 any12radiation12phobia1 2 but12not1 2 risk1 2 a12small1 2 chance1 2 of12possible12
12 biologic12damage.
d. suppress1 2 any1 2 radiation12 phobia1 2 and1 2 be12willing12 to12assume1 2 a12small12chance1 2 of1
2possible12biologic1 2 damage.
ANS:12D
4. The12millisievert1 2 (mSv)12 is12equal12to
a. 1/1012of12a12sievert.
b. 1/10012of12a12sievert.
c. 1/100012of12a12sievert.
d. 1/10,00012of12a12sievert.
ANS:12C
5. The1 2 advantages12of12the1 2 BERT1 2 method1 2 are
1. BERT1 2 does12not1 2 imply12radiation1 2 risk;1 2 it1 2 is1 2 simply1 2 a12means1 2 for12 comparison.
2. BERT1 2 emphasizes1 2 that1 2 radiation1 2 is1 2 an12innate1 2 part12of12the12environment.
3. BERT1 2 provides1 2 an12answer1 2 that1 2 is1 2 easy12for1 2 the1 2 patient1 2 to12comprehend.
a. 112and12212only
b. 112and12312only
c. 212and12312only
d. All12the12options
ANS:12D
6. If12a12patient12asks12a12radiographer12a12question12about12how12much12radiation12he12or12she12will12r
eceive12from1 2 a12specific12x-ray12procedure,1 2 the1 2 radiographer1 2 can
a. respond1 2 by12using12 an12estimation12 based12on12the1 2 comparison1 2 of12radiation12receive
d1 2 from12the12x-ray12 to12natural1 2 background1 2 radiation1 2 received.
b. avoid1 2 the12patient’s1 2 question1 2 by12changing1 2 the12subject.
c. tell12the12patient12that12it12is12unethical1 2 to12discuss12 such12concerns.
d. refuse1 2 to12answer1 2 the12 question1 2 and12 recommend1 2 that1 2 he12 or12she1 2 speak1
2with1 2 the12referring1 2 physician.
ANS:12A
7. Why12 should1 2 the1 2 selection12of12technical1 2 exposure1 2 factors1 2 for1 2 all12medical1 2 imaging1 2 p
rocedures12always1 2 follow12ALARA?
a. So12that12referring12physicians12ordering12imaging12procedures12do12not12have12to12a
ccept12responsibility1 2 for12patient1 2 radiation1 2 safety.
b. So12that1 2 radiographers1 2 and1 2 radiologists1 2 do12not1 2 have1 2 to12accept12 responsibility1 2 for
, patient12 radiation1 2 safety.
c. Because1 2 radiation-
induced1 2 cancer1 2 does12not1 2 appear12to1 2 have1 2 a12fixed1 2 threshold,1 2 that1 2 is,12a12dose12l
12
evel12below12which12a12person12would12have12no12chance12of12developing12this12diseas
e.
d. Because1 2 radiation-
12induced1 2 cancer1 2 does12have1 2 a12dose12level1 2 at12 which1 2 individuals12would1 2 ha
ve1 2 a12chance1 2 of12developing1 2 this1 2 disease.
ANS:12C
8. The12cardinal12 principles1 2 of12radiation1 2 protection1 2 include1 2 which1 2 of12the12following?
a. Time
b. Distance
c. Shielding
d. All12the12options
ANS:12D
9. In12a12hospital1 2 setting,1 2 which1 2 of12the1 2 following12professionals1 2 is1 2 expressly1 2 charged1 2 by12th
e1 2 hospital12administration12with12being12directly12responsible12for12the12execution,12enforcement,
12and12maintenance12 of12the1 2 ALARA1 2 program?
a. Assistant12administrator1 2 of12the1 2 facility
b. Chief12of12staff
c. Radiation1 2 Safety12Officer
d. Student12radiologic1 2 technologist
ANS:12C
10. Why1 2 is12 a12question12concerning12the1 2 amount1 2 of12radiation12a12patient1 2 will1 2 receive1 2 during1
a specific12x-ray12procedure1 2 difficult12 to12answer?
2 12
1. Because1 2 the1 2 received1 2 dose12is1 2 specified1 2 in12 a12number1 2 of12different1 2 units1 2 of12measure.
2. Because1 2 the1 2 scientific1 2 units1 2 for1 2 radiation1 2 dose12are1 2 normally1 2 not1 2 comprehensible1 2 by12
a12patient.
3. Because12 the12 patient1 2 should1 2 not12receive1 2 any12information1 2 about12radiation1 2 dose.
a. 112and12212only
b. 112and12312only
c. 212and12312only
d. All12the12options
ANS:12A
11. X-rays1 2 are12a12form1 2 of12which1 2 of12the12following1 2 kinds1 2 of12radiation?
a. Environmental
b. Ionizing
c. Internal
d. Nonionizing
ANS:12B
12. What12 unit1 2 is1 2 used12to12measure1 2 radiation1 2 exposure1 2 in1 2 the12metric1 2 International1 2 System1 2 of
Units?
12
a. Coulomb12 per12kilogram
b. Milligray
c. Millisievert
d. Sievert
ANS:12A
13. What12organization12was12founded12in12200712that12continues12their12pursuit12to12raise12awarenes
s12of12the12need12for12dose12reduction12protocols12by12promoting12pediatric-
RADIATION PROTECTION IN MEDICALRADIOGRAPHY 9TH EDITION
By Mary Alice Statkiewicz Sherer
, TABLE OF CONTENT12 12
Chapter121.12Introduction12to12Radiation12Protection
Chapter122.1 2 Radiation:1 2 Types,12Sources,12and1 2 Doses12Recei
ved2C
1 hapter123.12Interaction12of12X-Radiation12with12Matter
Chapter124.12Radiation12Quantities12and12Un
its2C
1 hapter125.12Radiation12Monitoring
Chapter126.1 2 Overview12of12Cell12Biology
Chapter127.12Molecular12and12Cellular12Radiation12Biology
Chapter128.12Early12Tissue12Reactions12and12Their12Effects12on12Organ12Systems12C
hapter129.12Stochastic12Effects12and12Late12Tissue12Reactions12of12Radiation12in12Or
gan2S
1 ystems
Chapter1210.12Dose12Limits12for12Exposure12to12Ionizing12Radia
tion2C
1 hapter1211.12 Equipment12Design12for12 Radiation12 Protecti
on
Chapter1212.12Management12of12Patient12Radiation12Dose12During12Diagnostic12X
-Ray2P
1 rocedures
Chapter1213.1 2 Radiation1 2 Safety12in1 2 Computed12Tomography12and1 2 Mammogra
phy2C
1 hapter1214.12Management12of12Imaging12Personnel12Radiation12Dose12Duri
ng12Diagnostic12X-Ray12Procedures
Chapter1215.12Radioisotopes12and12Radiation12 Protection
Chapter1 2 01:12 Introduction1 2 to12 Radiation1 2 Protection
Sherer:1 2 Radiation1 2 Protection12in12Medical1 2 Radiography,1 2 9th1 2 Edition
MULTIPLE12 CHOIC
E
1. Consequences12of12ionization1 2 in12 human1 2 cells1 2 include
1. creation12of12unstable1 2 atoms.
2. production1 2 of12free1 2 electrons.
3. creation12of12highly12reactive12free12molecules12(called12free12radicals)12capable12of12produci
ng12substances1 2 poisonous1 2 to12 the1 2 cell.
4. creation12of12new12biologic1 2 molecules1 2 detrimental1 2 to12the12living1 2 cell.
5. injury12to12the1 2 cell1 2 that1 2 may12 manifest1 2 itself1 2 as12abnormal1 2 function1 2 or12loss1 2 of12function.
6. production12of12low-energy12 x-ray12photons.
a. 1,122,123,12and12412only
b. 2,123,124,12and12512only
c. 3,124,125,12and12612only
d. All12the12options
ANS:12D
,2. Which1 2 of12the1 2 following12is1 2 a12form1 2 of12radiation12that1 2 is1 2 capable1 2 of12creating12electrically1
2charged12particles12by12removing12orbital12electrons12from12the12atom12of12normal12matter12through1
2which12it12passes?
a. Ionizing1 2 radiation
b. Nonionizing1 2 radiation
c. Subatomic1 2 radiation
d. Ultrasonic1 2 radiation
ANS:12A
3. Regarding1 2 exposure1 2 to12ionizing1 2 radiation,12patients1 2 who1 2 are12educated1 2 to12understand1 2 the
12 medical12benefit1 2 of12an12imaging1 2 procedure1 2 are1 2 more12 likely1 2 to
a. assume12a12small12chance12of12biologic12damage12but12not12suppress12any12radiation12ph
obia12they1 2 may1 2 have.
b. cancel1 2 their1 2 scheduled12 procedure1 2 because1 2 they1 2 are1 2 not12 willing12 to1 2 assume
12 a12small12chance1 2 of12 biologic1 2 damage.
c. suppress1 2 any12radiation12phobia1 2 but12not1 2 risk1 2 a12small1 2 chance1 2 of12possible12
12 biologic12damage.
d. suppress1 2 any1 2 radiation12 phobia1 2 and1 2 be12willing12 to12assume1 2 a12small12chance1 2 of1
2possible12biologic1 2 damage.
ANS:12D
4. The12millisievert1 2 (mSv)12 is12equal12to
a. 1/1012of12a12sievert.
b. 1/10012of12a12sievert.
c. 1/100012of12a12sievert.
d. 1/10,00012of12a12sievert.
ANS:12C
5. The1 2 advantages12of12the1 2 BERT1 2 method1 2 are
1. BERT1 2 does12not1 2 imply12radiation1 2 risk;1 2 it1 2 is1 2 simply1 2 a12means1 2 for12 comparison.
2. BERT1 2 emphasizes1 2 that1 2 radiation1 2 is1 2 an12innate1 2 part12of12the12environment.
3. BERT1 2 provides1 2 an12answer1 2 that1 2 is1 2 easy12for1 2 the1 2 patient1 2 to12comprehend.
a. 112and12212only
b. 112and12312only
c. 212and12312only
d. All12the12options
ANS:12D
6. If12a12patient12asks12a12radiographer12a12question12about12how12much12radiation12he12or12she12will12r
eceive12from1 2 a12specific12x-ray12procedure,1 2 the1 2 radiographer1 2 can
a. respond1 2 by12using12 an12estimation12 based12on12the1 2 comparison1 2 of12radiation12receive
d1 2 from12the12x-ray12 to12natural1 2 background1 2 radiation1 2 received.
b. avoid1 2 the12patient’s1 2 question1 2 by12changing1 2 the12subject.
c. tell12the12patient12that12it12is12unethical1 2 to12discuss12 such12concerns.
d. refuse1 2 to12answer1 2 the12 question1 2 and12 recommend1 2 that1 2 he12 or12she1 2 speak1
2with1 2 the12referring1 2 physician.
ANS:12A
7. Why12 should1 2 the1 2 selection12of12technical1 2 exposure1 2 factors1 2 for1 2 all12medical1 2 imaging1 2 p
rocedures12always1 2 follow12ALARA?
a. So12that12referring12physicians12ordering12imaging12procedures12do12not12have12to12a
ccept12responsibility1 2 for12patient1 2 radiation1 2 safety.
b. So12that1 2 radiographers1 2 and1 2 radiologists1 2 do12not1 2 have1 2 to12accept12 responsibility1 2 for
, patient12 radiation1 2 safety.
c. Because1 2 radiation-
induced1 2 cancer1 2 does12not1 2 appear12to1 2 have1 2 a12fixed1 2 threshold,1 2 that1 2 is,12a12dose12l
12
evel12below12which12a12person12would12have12no12chance12of12developing12this12diseas
e.
d. Because1 2 radiation-
12induced1 2 cancer1 2 does12have1 2 a12dose12level1 2 at12 which1 2 individuals12would1 2 ha
ve1 2 a12chance1 2 of12developing1 2 this1 2 disease.
ANS:12C
8. The12cardinal12 principles1 2 of12radiation1 2 protection1 2 include1 2 which1 2 of12the12following?
a. Time
b. Distance
c. Shielding
d. All12the12options
ANS:12D
9. In12a12hospital1 2 setting,1 2 which1 2 of12the1 2 following12professionals1 2 is1 2 expressly1 2 charged1 2 by12th
e1 2 hospital12administration12with12being12directly12responsible12for12the12execution,12enforcement,
12and12maintenance12 of12the1 2 ALARA1 2 program?
a. Assistant12administrator1 2 of12the1 2 facility
b. Chief12of12staff
c. Radiation1 2 Safety12Officer
d. Student12radiologic1 2 technologist
ANS:12C
10. Why1 2 is12 a12question12concerning12the1 2 amount1 2 of12radiation12a12patient1 2 will1 2 receive1 2 during1
a specific12x-ray12procedure1 2 difficult12 to12answer?
2 12
1. Because1 2 the1 2 received1 2 dose12is1 2 specified1 2 in12 a12number1 2 of12different1 2 units1 2 of12measure.
2. Because1 2 the1 2 scientific1 2 units1 2 for1 2 radiation1 2 dose12are1 2 normally1 2 not1 2 comprehensible1 2 by12
a12patient.
3. Because12 the12 patient1 2 should1 2 not12receive1 2 any12information1 2 about12radiation1 2 dose.
a. 112and12212only
b. 112and12312only
c. 212and12312only
d. All12the12options
ANS:12A
11. X-rays1 2 are12a12form1 2 of12which1 2 of12the12following1 2 kinds1 2 of12radiation?
a. Environmental
b. Ionizing
c. Internal
d. Nonionizing
ANS:12B
12. What12 unit1 2 is1 2 used12to12measure1 2 radiation1 2 exposure1 2 in1 2 the12metric1 2 International1 2 System1 2 of
Units?
12
a. Coulomb12 per12kilogram
b. Milligray
c. Millisievert
d. Sievert
ANS:12A
13. What12organization12was12founded12in12200712that12continues12their12pursuit12to12raise12awarenes
s12of12the12need12for12dose12reduction12protocols12by12promoting12pediatric-
