,TESTBANK FOR Introduction to Contemporary
Special Education New Horizons, 3rd edition
Deborah Deutsch Smith
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you few pages sample.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel sheet
if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make update
at every time. There are many new editions
waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file You
can contact us at every time, we can replace it
with true one.
Our email:
, Chapter 1
Test Item File
Introduction to Contemporary Special
Education
3rd Edition
Authors
Deborah Deutsch Smith
Claremont Graduate University
Kimberly Garner Skow
Peabody College, Vanderbilt University
Naomi Chowdhuri Tyler
Peabody College, Vanderbilt University
(Prepared by Karen Cole, Raye Lakey)
,This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for
the use of instructors in teaching their courses and assessing student learning.
Dissemination or sale of any part of this work (including on the World Wide Web)
will destroy the integrity of the work and is not permitted. The work and materials
from it should never be made available to students except by instructors using
the accompanying text in their classes. All recipients of this work are expected to
abide by these restrictions and to honor the intended pedagogical purposes and
the needs of other instructors who rely on these materials.
Product Manager: Drew Bennett
Content Analyst: Rebecca Fox-Gieg
Content Producer: Deepali Malhotra
Copyright © 2025, 2021, 2017, by Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights
Reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected
by copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any
prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by
any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise. For
information regarding permissions, request forms, and the appropriate contacts within
the Pearson Education Global Rights and Permissions department, please visit
www.pearsoned.com/permissions/.
PEARSON are exclusive trademarks owned by Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates
in the U.S. and/or other countries.
Unless otherwise indicated herein, any third-party trademarks, logos, or icons that may
appear in this work are the property of their respective owners, and any references to
third-party trademarks, logos, icons, or other trade dress are for demonstrative or
descriptive purposes only. Such references are not intended to imply any sponsorship,
endorsement, authorization, or promotion of Pearson’s products by the owners of such
marks, or any relationship between the owner and Pearson Education, Inc., or its
affiliates, authors, licensees, or distributors.
ii
Copyright © 2025, 2021, 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
, Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Thinking About Exceptionalities 1
Learning Objective Quizzes 1
Application Exercises 15
Test Items 22
Test Answer Key 27
iii
Copyright © 2025, 2021, 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
, Chapter 1: Thinking About Exceptionalities
Chapter 1 Learning Objective Quizzes
Learning Objective 1.1: Compare the demographics of today’s schools and students
with those of the past, explain the special education disability categories and how their
prevalence varies, and provide reasons for inconsistencies across the country in
services provided to students who are gifted and talented.
[Q1]
Which statement about the demographics of students enrolled in U.S. schools is
accurate?
1. The demographics of students enrolled in U.S. schools have remained relatively
constant over the past 25 years.
2. Demographic information provided by the federal government excludes students
who attend charter schools because charter schools are privately run.
3. The majority of students in America’s public schools are White.
4. The majority of Latinx children currently enrolled in public schools are American-
born. [correct]
[Feedback for Answer Choice 1]
This statement is inaccurate. The demographics regarding students enrolled in U.S.
public schools has changed dramatically in the last two decades, with more than half of
enrolled students now identified as being of a racial/ethnic heritage other than White.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 2]
This statement is inaccurate. Federal demographic information includes students
enrolled in charter schools because charter schools are considered public schools.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 3]
This statement is inaccurate. While White students comprise the largest single
racial/ethnic group enrolled in U.S. schools (46%), the number of students identified as
belonging to a racial/ethnic group other than White totals 54%.
[Feedback for Correct Answer 4]
Although their parents might be immigrants, 90% of Hispanic/Latinx students are U.S.
citizens.
[Q2]
Which of the following statements about the prevalence of students with disabilities is
false?
1. Prevalence rates for each disability category have largely remained consistent over
the last two decades. [correct]
1
Copyright © 2025, 2021, 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
,2. Determining exact prevalence rates is difficult, in part because students who have
more than one disability are counted in only one category.
3. The number of students receiving special education services and the categories
under which they are served vary widely from state to state.
4. Efforts to reduce the number of Black and Latinx students misidentified as having
disabilities are paying off.
[Feedback for Correct Answer 1]
As definitions and identification procedures change, and as our understandings of
medicine and education advance, prevalence rates shift among categories. For
instance, the number of students identified as having autism spectrum disorder has
increased substantially in recent years.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 2]
This statement is true. The primary disability is the one that is counted, leading to
prevalence rates that do not fully reflect the number of students who may be served in a
given area.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 3]
This statement is true. Further, there are puzzling categorical differences between
states in almost every special education category.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 4]
This statement is true. Significant attention for the past two decades has focused on
reducing the overidentification of students from diverse backgrounds, particularly in the
categories of intellectual disability and emotional/behavioral disorders.
[Q3]
Braxton is a student with a disability. Statistically, which of the following disabilities is he
most likely to have?
1. A hearing impairment
2. A specific learning disability [correct]
3. A traumatic brain injury
4. A behavioral or emotional disorder
[Feedback for Answer Choice 1]
Hearing impairments are considered low-incidence disabilities.
[Feedback for Correct Answer 2]
Specific learning disabilities are high-incidence disabilities, second in number only to
speech/language impairments.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 3]
Traumatic brain injuries are low-incidence disabilities.
2
Copyright © 2025, 2021, 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
,[Feedback for Answer Choice 4]
Blindness is a low-incidence disability.
[Q4]
Which of the following statements about services for gifted and talented students is
accurate?
1. Policies and practices in gifted education are consistent across the country.
2. Roughly 15% of students across the nation participate in gifted programs.
3. The latest reauthorization of IDEA provided funding to ensure that gifted students
are provided with appropriate educational opportunities.
4. Exceptionally bright and talented students who have coexisting disabilities are often
excluded from gifted programming. [correct]
[Feedback for Answer Choice 1]
This statement is inaccurate. There is no national standard for consistency regarding
gifted education. In fact, in some states, students with special gifts and talents do not
receive any accommodations, services, or supports.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 2]
This statement is inaccurate. Experts estimate that between 6 and 10% of all students
should receive special educational programming because of their high levels of
intelligence, creativity, and/or extraordinary talents, but the number of students served
varies widely in accordance with state policies.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 3]
This statement is inaccurate. IDEA does not protect or fund the education of gifted and
talented students.
[Feedback for Correct Answer 4]
Twice-exceptional students—those with disabilities who are also gifted—are often
overlooked because their disabilities mask their giftedness.
[Q5]
Which of the following statements best describes the excellence gap?
1. Services provided for gifted students vary from state to state, leaving gaps in some
students’ educational experiences.
2. Students with special gifts and talents far surpass their same-age peers in
achievement, resulting in the need for highly-differentiated instruction.
3. In an effort to ensure all students reach required proficiency levels, teachers focus
on low-achieving students at the expense of gifted ones. [correct]
4. Underachieving gifted students receive fewer special services than their more task-
oriented gifted peers.
3
Copyright © 2025, 2021, 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
,[Feedback for Answer Choice 1]
While it’s true that gifted students’ educational experiences vary widely from state to
state, the term excellence gap refers to the fact that gifted students’ needs are often
overlooked as teachers concentrate on struggling students in an effort to close the
achievement gap.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 2]
It is common for gifted students’ performance to exceed that of their peers, but this
phenomenon does not reflect an excellence gap. The term excellence gap refers to the
fact that gifted students’ needs are often overlooked as teachers concentrate on
struggling students in an effort to close the achievement gap.
[Feedback for Correct Answer 3]
When teachers prioritize closing the achievement gap and raising the performance of
students who attend poor, underperforming schools, the needs of gifted students can go
unmet.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 4]
While it’s true that underachieving gifted students are likely to be overlooked for referral
to gifted programming, this phenomenon does not reflect an excellence gap. The term
excellence gap refers to the fact that gifted students’ needs are often overlooked as
teachers concentrate on struggling students in an effort to close the achievement gap.
Learning Objective 1.2: Document instances of bias and discrimination experienced by
people with disabilities and explain how rights to inclusive education and community
presence were won.
[Q1]
What important change in the treatment of individuals with disabilities occurred after
Christmas in Purgatory was published?
1. Fewer people with disabilities were institutionalized. [correct]
2. People with disabilities were allowed to temporarily leave institutions and spend the
holidays with their families.
3. People with disabilities were given the choice of whether they wanted to be
sterilized.
4. Residential institutions began providing educational and vocational programs.
[Feedback for Correct Answer 1]
Christmas in Purgatory, a photographic essay, chronicled the treatment of people with
intellectual disabilities in state institutions and brought public attention to the horrific
conditions in those facilities.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 2]
4
Copyright © 2025, 2021, 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
, Christmas in Purgatory, a photographic essay, chronicled the treatment of people with
intellectual disabilities in state institutions and brought public attention to the horrific
conditions in those facilities. Its publication raised public awareness so fewer people
with disabilities were institutionalized.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 3]
Christmas in Purgatory, a photographic essay, chronicled the treatment of people with
intellectual disabilities in state institutions and brought public attention to the horrific
conditions in those facilities. Its publication raised public awareness so fewer people
with disabilities were institutionalized.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 4]
Christmas in Purgatory, a photographic essay, chronicled the treatment of people with
intellectual disabilities in state institutions and brought public attention to the horrific
conditions in those facilities. Its publication raised public awareness so fewer people
with disabilities were institutionalized.
[Q2]
Which statement about the way mainstream media portrays individuals with disabilities
is inaccurate?
1. The notion of disability was completely absent from early films, indicating it was
considered a social stigma and taboo topic.
2. Current movies and TV shows have, in recent years, begun to feature characters
with disabilities without focusing on their disabilities at all.
3. In current popular media, characters with disabilities are most frequently played by
actors who have disabilities. [correct]
4. Historically in entertainment media, people with disabilities were depicted as evil,
villainous, self-pitying, or bitter.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 1]
This statement is accurate. Thankfully, society’s views about disability have changed
over time; these changes are reflected in the increasing presence of individuals with
disabilities in movies and television and in the positive light in which they are portrayed.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 2]
This statement is accurate. The presence of cast members with disabilities serves to
heighten society’s acceptance of disabilities as a normal aspect of the human condition.
[Feedback for Correct Answer 3]
Unfortunately, actors without disabilities have often portrayed characters with
disabilities. However, the entertainment industry is actively seeking to increase
opportunities for auditions and casting of performers with disabilities.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 4]
5
Copyright © 2025, 2021, 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Special Education New Horizons, 3rd edition
Deborah Deutsch Smith
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you few pages sample.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel sheet
if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make update
at every time. There are many new editions
waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file You
can contact us at every time, we can replace it
with true one.
Our email:
, Chapter 1
Test Item File
Introduction to Contemporary Special
Education
3rd Edition
Authors
Deborah Deutsch Smith
Claremont Graduate University
Kimberly Garner Skow
Peabody College, Vanderbilt University
Naomi Chowdhuri Tyler
Peabody College, Vanderbilt University
(Prepared by Karen Cole, Raye Lakey)
,This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for
the use of instructors in teaching their courses and assessing student learning.
Dissemination or sale of any part of this work (including on the World Wide Web)
will destroy the integrity of the work and is not permitted. The work and materials
from it should never be made available to students except by instructors using
the accompanying text in their classes. All recipients of this work are expected to
abide by these restrictions and to honor the intended pedagogical purposes and
the needs of other instructors who rely on these materials.
Product Manager: Drew Bennett
Content Analyst: Rebecca Fox-Gieg
Content Producer: Deepali Malhotra
Copyright © 2025, 2021, 2017, by Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights
Reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected
by copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any
prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by
any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise. For
information regarding permissions, request forms, and the appropriate contacts within
the Pearson Education Global Rights and Permissions department, please visit
www.pearsoned.com/permissions/.
PEARSON are exclusive trademarks owned by Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates
in the U.S. and/or other countries.
Unless otherwise indicated herein, any third-party trademarks, logos, or icons that may
appear in this work are the property of their respective owners, and any references to
third-party trademarks, logos, icons, or other trade dress are for demonstrative or
descriptive purposes only. Such references are not intended to imply any sponsorship,
endorsement, authorization, or promotion of Pearson’s products by the owners of such
marks, or any relationship between the owner and Pearson Education, Inc., or its
affiliates, authors, licensees, or distributors.
ii
Copyright © 2025, 2021, 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
, Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Thinking About Exceptionalities 1
Learning Objective Quizzes 1
Application Exercises 15
Test Items 22
Test Answer Key 27
iii
Copyright © 2025, 2021, 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
, Chapter 1: Thinking About Exceptionalities
Chapter 1 Learning Objective Quizzes
Learning Objective 1.1: Compare the demographics of today’s schools and students
with those of the past, explain the special education disability categories and how their
prevalence varies, and provide reasons for inconsistencies across the country in
services provided to students who are gifted and talented.
[Q1]
Which statement about the demographics of students enrolled in U.S. schools is
accurate?
1. The demographics of students enrolled in U.S. schools have remained relatively
constant over the past 25 years.
2. Demographic information provided by the federal government excludes students
who attend charter schools because charter schools are privately run.
3. The majority of students in America’s public schools are White.
4. The majority of Latinx children currently enrolled in public schools are American-
born. [correct]
[Feedback for Answer Choice 1]
This statement is inaccurate. The demographics regarding students enrolled in U.S.
public schools has changed dramatically in the last two decades, with more than half of
enrolled students now identified as being of a racial/ethnic heritage other than White.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 2]
This statement is inaccurate. Federal demographic information includes students
enrolled in charter schools because charter schools are considered public schools.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 3]
This statement is inaccurate. While White students comprise the largest single
racial/ethnic group enrolled in U.S. schools (46%), the number of students identified as
belonging to a racial/ethnic group other than White totals 54%.
[Feedback for Correct Answer 4]
Although their parents might be immigrants, 90% of Hispanic/Latinx students are U.S.
citizens.
[Q2]
Which of the following statements about the prevalence of students with disabilities is
false?
1. Prevalence rates for each disability category have largely remained consistent over
the last two decades. [correct]
1
Copyright © 2025, 2021, 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
,2. Determining exact prevalence rates is difficult, in part because students who have
more than one disability are counted in only one category.
3. The number of students receiving special education services and the categories
under which they are served vary widely from state to state.
4. Efforts to reduce the number of Black and Latinx students misidentified as having
disabilities are paying off.
[Feedback for Correct Answer 1]
As definitions and identification procedures change, and as our understandings of
medicine and education advance, prevalence rates shift among categories. For
instance, the number of students identified as having autism spectrum disorder has
increased substantially in recent years.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 2]
This statement is true. The primary disability is the one that is counted, leading to
prevalence rates that do not fully reflect the number of students who may be served in a
given area.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 3]
This statement is true. Further, there are puzzling categorical differences between
states in almost every special education category.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 4]
This statement is true. Significant attention for the past two decades has focused on
reducing the overidentification of students from diverse backgrounds, particularly in the
categories of intellectual disability and emotional/behavioral disorders.
[Q3]
Braxton is a student with a disability. Statistically, which of the following disabilities is he
most likely to have?
1. A hearing impairment
2. A specific learning disability [correct]
3. A traumatic brain injury
4. A behavioral or emotional disorder
[Feedback for Answer Choice 1]
Hearing impairments are considered low-incidence disabilities.
[Feedback for Correct Answer 2]
Specific learning disabilities are high-incidence disabilities, second in number only to
speech/language impairments.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 3]
Traumatic brain injuries are low-incidence disabilities.
2
Copyright © 2025, 2021, 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
,[Feedback for Answer Choice 4]
Blindness is a low-incidence disability.
[Q4]
Which of the following statements about services for gifted and talented students is
accurate?
1. Policies and practices in gifted education are consistent across the country.
2. Roughly 15% of students across the nation participate in gifted programs.
3. The latest reauthorization of IDEA provided funding to ensure that gifted students
are provided with appropriate educational opportunities.
4. Exceptionally bright and talented students who have coexisting disabilities are often
excluded from gifted programming. [correct]
[Feedback for Answer Choice 1]
This statement is inaccurate. There is no national standard for consistency regarding
gifted education. In fact, in some states, students with special gifts and talents do not
receive any accommodations, services, or supports.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 2]
This statement is inaccurate. Experts estimate that between 6 and 10% of all students
should receive special educational programming because of their high levels of
intelligence, creativity, and/or extraordinary talents, but the number of students served
varies widely in accordance with state policies.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 3]
This statement is inaccurate. IDEA does not protect or fund the education of gifted and
talented students.
[Feedback for Correct Answer 4]
Twice-exceptional students—those with disabilities who are also gifted—are often
overlooked because their disabilities mask their giftedness.
[Q5]
Which of the following statements best describes the excellence gap?
1. Services provided for gifted students vary from state to state, leaving gaps in some
students’ educational experiences.
2. Students with special gifts and talents far surpass their same-age peers in
achievement, resulting in the need for highly-differentiated instruction.
3. In an effort to ensure all students reach required proficiency levels, teachers focus
on low-achieving students at the expense of gifted ones. [correct]
4. Underachieving gifted students receive fewer special services than their more task-
oriented gifted peers.
3
Copyright © 2025, 2021, 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
,[Feedback for Answer Choice 1]
While it’s true that gifted students’ educational experiences vary widely from state to
state, the term excellence gap refers to the fact that gifted students’ needs are often
overlooked as teachers concentrate on struggling students in an effort to close the
achievement gap.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 2]
It is common for gifted students’ performance to exceed that of their peers, but this
phenomenon does not reflect an excellence gap. The term excellence gap refers to the
fact that gifted students’ needs are often overlooked as teachers concentrate on
struggling students in an effort to close the achievement gap.
[Feedback for Correct Answer 3]
When teachers prioritize closing the achievement gap and raising the performance of
students who attend poor, underperforming schools, the needs of gifted students can go
unmet.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 4]
While it’s true that underachieving gifted students are likely to be overlooked for referral
to gifted programming, this phenomenon does not reflect an excellence gap. The term
excellence gap refers to the fact that gifted students’ needs are often overlooked as
teachers concentrate on struggling students in an effort to close the achievement gap.
Learning Objective 1.2: Document instances of bias and discrimination experienced by
people with disabilities and explain how rights to inclusive education and community
presence were won.
[Q1]
What important change in the treatment of individuals with disabilities occurred after
Christmas in Purgatory was published?
1. Fewer people with disabilities were institutionalized. [correct]
2. People with disabilities were allowed to temporarily leave institutions and spend the
holidays with their families.
3. People with disabilities were given the choice of whether they wanted to be
sterilized.
4. Residential institutions began providing educational and vocational programs.
[Feedback for Correct Answer 1]
Christmas in Purgatory, a photographic essay, chronicled the treatment of people with
intellectual disabilities in state institutions and brought public attention to the horrific
conditions in those facilities.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 2]
4
Copyright © 2025, 2021, 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
, Christmas in Purgatory, a photographic essay, chronicled the treatment of people with
intellectual disabilities in state institutions and brought public attention to the horrific
conditions in those facilities. Its publication raised public awareness so fewer people
with disabilities were institutionalized.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 3]
Christmas in Purgatory, a photographic essay, chronicled the treatment of people with
intellectual disabilities in state institutions and brought public attention to the horrific
conditions in those facilities. Its publication raised public awareness so fewer people
with disabilities were institutionalized.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 4]
Christmas in Purgatory, a photographic essay, chronicled the treatment of people with
intellectual disabilities in state institutions and brought public attention to the horrific
conditions in those facilities. Its publication raised public awareness so fewer people
with disabilities were institutionalized.
[Q2]
Which statement about the way mainstream media portrays individuals with disabilities
is inaccurate?
1. The notion of disability was completely absent from early films, indicating it was
considered a social stigma and taboo topic.
2. Current movies and TV shows have, in recent years, begun to feature characters
with disabilities without focusing on their disabilities at all.
3. In current popular media, characters with disabilities are most frequently played by
actors who have disabilities. [correct]
4. Historically in entertainment media, people with disabilities were depicted as evil,
villainous, self-pitying, or bitter.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 1]
This statement is accurate. Thankfully, society’s views about disability have changed
over time; these changes are reflected in the increasing presence of individuals with
disabilities in movies and television and in the positive light in which they are portrayed.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 2]
This statement is accurate. The presence of cast members with disabilities serves to
heighten society’s acceptance of disabilities as a normal aspect of the human condition.
[Feedback for Correct Answer 3]
Unfortunately, actors without disabilities have often portrayed characters with
disabilities. However, the entertainment industry is actively seeking to increase
opportunities for auditions and casting of performers with disabilities.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 4]
5
Copyright © 2025, 2021, 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
