Page 1 of 78
COMMUNITY HEALTH NR442 EXAM 1
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES NEW MODIFIED
Which of the following strategies should a nurse use to remember what should be included in
a health history?
a. Always use a preprinted form
b. Depend on education to learn this
c. Depend on experience to know what to ask
d. Memorize the I PREPARE mnemonic
e. Memorize the I HEALTH mnemonic -- ANSWER--ANS: D
The I PREPARE environmental exposure history mnemonic is a quick reference for primary
care providers.
I—Investigate Potential Exposures
P—Present Work
R—Residence
E—Environmental Concerns
P—Past Work
A—Activities
R—Referrals and Resources
, Page 2 of 78
E—Educate
This tool will help the nurse remember what to ask to determine environmental factors
relevant to health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 262
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between the environment
and health?
a. Because of the large number of variables involved, the relationship between environment
and health cannot be researched.
b. Because the environment has such long-term effects on health, research findings are not yet
available.
c. Research shows that a healthy environment has limited impact on one's health.
d. Research shows that a healthy environment increases quality of life and years of healthy
living. -- ANSWER--ANS: D
A healthy environment increases quality of life and years of healthy living. Accumulated
evidence shows that the environmental changes of the past few decades have profoundly
influenced the status of public health. Globally, environmental factors contribute to nearly
25% of all deaths and increase disease burden (World Health Organization, 2006). The safety,
beauty, and life-sustaining capacity of the physical environment are unquestionably of global
consequence.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 250
, Page 3 of 78
When using an environmental perspective, which of the following would be the most
important question for a nurse to ask when assessing potential health problems?
a. "Can you tell me how you have been feeling?"
b. "Can you tell me what you do at work?"
c. "What brings you here today?"
d. "What problems have you been having?" -- ANSWER--ANS: B
Because 25% of worldwide preventable illnesses are caused by poor environmental quality,
nurses need to ask critical questions about their clients' work and home environments to help
discern the contributions of specific hazards to their health. This can be accomplished by an
environmental health history. The other responses do not address a question that would be
addressed during an environmental health history.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 250
How does critical theory differ from other nursing theories such as the health belief model or
Orem's self-care deficit theory?
a. Critical theory can be used by professionals other than nurses.
b. Critical theory focuses on oppression and facilitates group action.
c. Critical theory is not directly related to health promotion.
d. Critical theory confronts changing an individual's beliefs. -- ANSWER--ANS: B
Critical theory is an approach that raises questions about oppressive situations, involves
community members in the definition and solution of problems, and facilitates group
interventions. The other two theories focus more on individual beliefs and choice of action.
, Page 4 of 78
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 250
Which of the following statements best describe why environmental health is more
challenging than other variables related to an individual's health?
a. Environmental health affects susceptible individuals more than groups.
b. Environmental health demands that individuals be willing to change their beliefs.
c. Environmental health is dependent on social neighborhoods, as well as geography.
d. Environmental health requires social, economic, and political changes to improve. --
ANSWER--ANS: D
Intervening to improve environmental conditions requires basic social, economic, and
political changes. Aggregates must work together to create such change. The other responses
do not address the multiple dimensions that must be impacted in order to impact change
within environmental health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 250
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn concerning efforts to decrease
environmental pollution?
a. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets priorities for environmental problems
and funds action.
b. Federal policies have been weakened, and enforcement lacks funding.
c. Federal recycling mandates have decreased waste products.
d. Legislation is increasingly being passed to force companies to lower toxic waste emissions.
COMMUNITY HEALTH NR442 EXAM 1
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES NEW MODIFIED
Which of the following strategies should a nurse use to remember what should be included in
a health history?
a. Always use a preprinted form
b. Depend on education to learn this
c. Depend on experience to know what to ask
d. Memorize the I PREPARE mnemonic
e. Memorize the I HEALTH mnemonic -- ANSWER--ANS: D
The I PREPARE environmental exposure history mnemonic is a quick reference for primary
care providers.
I—Investigate Potential Exposures
P—Present Work
R—Residence
E—Environmental Concerns
P—Past Work
A—Activities
R—Referrals and Resources
, Page 2 of 78
E—Educate
This tool will help the nurse remember what to ask to determine environmental factors
relevant to health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 262
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between the environment
and health?
a. Because of the large number of variables involved, the relationship between environment
and health cannot be researched.
b. Because the environment has such long-term effects on health, research findings are not yet
available.
c. Research shows that a healthy environment has limited impact on one's health.
d. Research shows that a healthy environment increases quality of life and years of healthy
living. -- ANSWER--ANS: D
A healthy environment increases quality of life and years of healthy living. Accumulated
evidence shows that the environmental changes of the past few decades have profoundly
influenced the status of public health. Globally, environmental factors contribute to nearly
25% of all deaths and increase disease burden (World Health Organization, 2006). The safety,
beauty, and life-sustaining capacity of the physical environment are unquestionably of global
consequence.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 250
, Page 3 of 78
When using an environmental perspective, which of the following would be the most
important question for a nurse to ask when assessing potential health problems?
a. "Can you tell me how you have been feeling?"
b. "Can you tell me what you do at work?"
c. "What brings you here today?"
d. "What problems have you been having?" -- ANSWER--ANS: B
Because 25% of worldwide preventable illnesses are caused by poor environmental quality,
nurses need to ask critical questions about their clients' work and home environments to help
discern the contributions of specific hazards to their health. This can be accomplished by an
environmental health history. The other responses do not address a question that would be
addressed during an environmental health history.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 250
How does critical theory differ from other nursing theories such as the health belief model or
Orem's self-care deficit theory?
a. Critical theory can be used by professionals other than nurses.
b. Critical theory focuses on oppression and facilitates group action.
c. Critical theory is not directly related to health promotion.
d. Critical theory confronts changing an individual's beliefs. -- ANSWER--ANS: B
Critical theory is an approach that raises questions about oppressive situations, involves
community members in the definition and solution of problems, and facilitates group
interventions. The other two theories focus more on individual beliefs and choice of action.
, Page 4 of 78
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 250
Which of the following statements best describe why environmental health is more
challenging than other variables related to an individual's health?
a. Environmental health affects susceptible individuals more than groups.
b. Environmental health demands that individuals be willing to change their beliefs.
c. Environmental health is dependent on social neighborhoods, as well as geography.
d. Environmental health requires social, economic, and political changes to improve. --
ANSWER--ANS: D
Intervening to improve environmental conditions requires basic social, economic, and
political changes. Aggregates must work together to create such change. The other responses
do not address the multiple dimensions that must be impacted in order to impact change
within environmental health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 250
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn concerning efforts to decrease
environmental pollution?
a. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets priorities for environmental problems
and funds action.
b. Federal policies have been weakened, and enforcement lacks funding.
c. Federal recycling mandates have decreased waste products.
d. Legislation is increasingly being passed to force companies to lower toxic waste emissions.
