NURS 2204- Module 10 Parenteral Infusion Questions With
Complete Solutions
Hypertonic solution examples
3% NaCl
Dextrose 5% in 0.45% NaCl (D5 1/2 NS)
Dextrose 5% in 0.9% NaCl (D5NS)
10% Dextrose in water (D10W)
Colloid solutions
Solutions that contain molecules (usually proteins or starch) that
are too large to pass out of the capillary membranes and,
therefore, remain suspended or distributed in the extracellular
compartment.
Colloid solution uses
Used to increase the osmotic pressure in the intravascular space
to increase vascular volume in critical situations.
Peripheral IV line
A short catheter inserted into any vein not in the chest or
abdomen; typically the arm.
Primary IV line
Carries main IV solution; is usually continuous.
May have additives such as potassium or vitamins.
primary line Maintains venous access between drugs.
Secondary IV line
, Usually connected to primary (variety of systems)
Contains solutions of smaller volume with medications
Usually intermittent (IVPB).
Also called a piggyback line.
Frequency of tubing changes; continuous IV line
Changed every 96 hours (4 days) or as per facility policy and/or
with site change.
Frequency of tubing changes; intermittent IV line
Changed every 24 hours or as per facility policy.
Care of a patient with peripheral IV infusion
Always assess the patient first (presentation, IV site assessment)
IV system and pump: appropriate infusion at the appropriate
rate, air in the line, rate alterations, medication precipitation or
crystallization.
Fluid balance; intake and output.
*Should be monitored hourly or more depending on patient
status.
Factors which affect flow rate (IV)
Position of the patient/extremity
Size of the catheter in the vein
Position and patency of tubing and IV site
Viscosity of infusion fluid
Adjustment of roller clamp (gravity only)
Height of infusion bag in relation to insertion site (for gravity
only)
Complete Solutions
Hypertonic solution examples
3% NaCl
Dextrose 5% in 0.45% NaCl (D5 1/2 NS)
Dextrose 5% in 0.9% NaCl (D5NS)
10% Dextrose in water (D10W)
Colloid solutions
Solutions that contain molecules (usually proteins or starch) that
are too large to pass out of the capillary membranes and,
therefore, remain suspended or distributed in the extracellular
compartment.
Colloid solution uses
Used to increase the osmotic pressure in the intravascular space
to increase vascular volume in critical situations.
Peripheral IV line
A short catheter inserted into any vein not in the chest or
abdomen; typically the arm.
Primary IV line
Carries main IV solution; is usually continuous.
May have additives such as potassium or vitamins.
primary line Maintains venous access between drugs.
Secondary IV line
, Usually connected to primary (variety of systems)
Contains solutions of smaller volume with medications
Usually intermittent (IVPB).
Also called a piggyback line.
Frequency of tubing changes; continuous IV line
Changed every 96 hours (4 days) or as per facility policy and/or
with site change.
Frequency of tubing changes; intermittent IV line
Changed every 24 hours or as per facility policy.
Care of a patient with peripheral IV infusion
Always assess the patient first (presentation, IV site assessment)
IV system and pump: appropriate infusion at the appropriate
rate, air in the line, rate alterations, medication precipitation or
crystallization.
Fluid balance; intake and output.
*Should be monitored hourly or more depending on patient
status.
Factors which affect flow rate (IV)
Position of the patient/extremity
Size of the catheter in the vein
Position and patency of tubing and IV site
Viscosity of infusion fluid
Adjustment of roller clamp (gravity only)
Height of infusion bag in relation to insertion site (for gravity
only)
