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,Chapter 01: Food, Nutrition, and Health
Nix: Williams’ Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 16th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Promoting a health care service that improves diabetes management for the elderly in a
community would assist in which of the following?
a. Supporting the national health goals Healthy People 2020
b. Reducing hunger in a subset of the United States population
c. Improving Medicare reimbursement claims
d. Providing access to primary health care services
ANS: A
Healthy People 2020 has a wide influence and is the focus of the nation’s main objective
to promote health and prevent disease.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. A patient requires a nutrition assessment. The most appropriate professional to perform the
assessment is a
a. physician.
b. nurse.
c. public health nutritionist.
d. registered dietitian.
ANS: D
The registered dietitian is the nutrition expert registered with the Commission of Dietetic
Registration (CDR), the certifying agency of Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
Registered dietitians are the only professionals who have met strict educational and
professional prerequisites and passed a national registration examination that properly
prepares them to conduct a nutrition assessment.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
3. The sum of all body processes inside living cells that sustain life and health is
a. science.
b. digestion.
c. metabolism.
d. nutrition.
ANS: C
Metabolism is the sum of all chemical changes that take place in the body. Metabolism
provides energy, builds tissue, and regulates metabolic processes in the body.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
4. The nutrients that provide the body with its primary source of fuel for energy are
a. vitamins.
, b. minerals.
c. fiber.
d. carbohydrates.
ANS: D
Carbohydrates (e.g., starches and sugars) are the body’s primary fuel to carry out
necessary processes; fat is the secondary source of energy.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
5. Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding the functions of protein?
a. Proteins can be a primary fuel source even if there is adequate carbohydrate intake.
b. Proteins are a necessary nutrient to provide energy for the body in times of stress.
c. Proteins can be used as coenzyme factors during cell metabolism.
d. Proteins are essential to building and repairing tissues within the body.
ANS: D
The primary function of proteins is to provide amino acids, which are the building units
necessary to building and repairing tissues within the body. This is a constant process that
ensures adequate growth and maintenance of tissues for a strong body.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
6. A 65-year-old man requires 2000 kcal/day without any specific fat or carbohydrate
requirements. The approximate number of kilocalories per day from fat that his diet should
provide is kcal/day.
a. 400–700
b. 100–300
c. 500–800
d. 900–1200
ANS: A
Fat should provide no more than 20% to 35% of the total kilocalories per day, so for a
2000-kcal diet, 400–700 kcal should be provided.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
7. The body’s main storage form of carbohydrate is
a. glycogen.
b. glycerol.
c. glucagon.
d. glucose.
ANS: A
Glycogen is a polysaccharide that is the main storage form of carbohydrate in the human
body. It is mainly stored in the liver and to a lesser extent in muscle tissue.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
, 8. The number of kilocalories provided by one slice of bread that contains 30 g carbohydrate,
3 g protein, and 1 g fat is kcal.
a. 34
b. 136
c. 141
d. 306
ANS: C
Calculate as follows: Carbohydrate provides 4 kcal/g, protein provides 4 kcal/g, and fat
provides 9 kcal/g. Therefore:
30 g carbohydrate 4 kcal/g = 120 kcal
3 g protein 4 kcal/g = 12 kcal
1 g fat 9 kcal/g = 9 kcal
= 141 total kcal (120 kcal + 12 kcal + 9 kcal)
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
9. The number of kilocalories from fat in a sandwich that contains 22 g fat is kcal.
a. 88
b. 132
c. 154
d. 198
ANS: D
Fat provides 9 kcal/g. Thus, 22 g fat 9 kcal/g = 198 kcal.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
10. The number of kilocalories from protein in a sandwich that contains 15 g protein is
kcal.
a. 45
b. 60
c. 75
d. 135
ANS: B
Protein provides 4 kcal/g. Thus, 15 g protein 4 kcal/g = 60 kcal.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
11. The basic building units of protein are called acids.
a. fatty
b. amino
c. nucleic
d. carboxyl
ANS: B
,Chapter 01: Food, Nutrition, and Health
Nix: Williams’ Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 16th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Promoting a health care service that improves diabetes management for the elderly in a
community would assist in which of the following?
a. Supporting the national health goals Healthy People 2020
b. Reducing hunger in a subset of the United States population
c. Improving Medicare reimbursement claims
d. Providing access to primary health care services
ANS: A
Healthy People 2020 has a wide influence and is the focus of the nation’s main objective
to promote health and prevent disease.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. A patient requires a nutrition assessment. The most appropriate professional to perform the
assessment is a
a. physician.
b. nurse.
c. public health nutritionist.
d. registered dietitian.
ANS: D
The registered dietitian is the nutrition expert registered with the Commission of Dietetic
Registration (CDR), the certifying agency of Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
Registered dietitians are the only professionals who have met strict educational and
professional prerequisites and passed a national registration examination that properly
prepares them to conduct a nutrition assessment.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
3. The sum of all body processes inside living cells that sustain life and health is
a. science.
b. digestion.
c. metabolism.
d. nutrition.
ANS: C
Metabolism is the sum of all chemical changes that take place in the body. Metabolism
provides energy, builds tissue, and regulates metabolic processes in the body.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
4. The nutrients that provide the body with its primary source of fuel for energy are
a. vitamins.
, b. minerals.
c. fiber.
d. carbohydrates.
ANS: D
Carbohydrates (e.g., starches and sugars) are the body’s primary fuel to carry out
necessary processes; fat is the secondary source of energy.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
5. Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding the functions of protein?
a. Proteins can be a primary fuel source even if there is adequate carbohydrate intake.
b. Proteins are a necessary nutrient to provide energy for the body in times of stress.
c. Proteins can be used as coenzyme factors during cell metabolism.
d. Proteins are essential to building and repairing tissues within the body.
ANS: D
The primary function of proteins is to provide amino acids, which are the building units
necessary to building and repairing tissues within the body. This is a constant process that
ensures adequate growth and maintenance of tissues for a strong body.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
6. A 65-year-old man requires 2000 kcal/day without any specific fat or carbohydrate
requirements. The approximate number of kilocalories per day from fat that his diet should
provide is kcal/day.
a. 400–700
b. 100–300
c. 500–800
d. 900–1200
ANS: A
Fat should provide no more than 20% to 35% of the total kilocalories per day, so for a
2000-kcal diet, 400–700 kcal should be provided.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
7. The body’s main storage form of carbohydrate is
a. glycogen.
b. glycerol.
c. glucagon.
d. glucose.
ANS: A
Glycogen is a polysaccharide that is the main storage form of carbohydrate in the human
body. It is mainly stored in the liver and to a lesser extent in muscle tissue.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
, 8. The number of kilocalories provided by one slice of bread that contains 30 g carbohydrate,
3 g protein, and 1 g fat is kcal.
a. 34
b. 136
c. 141
d. 306
ANS: C
Calculate as follows: Carbohydrate provides 4 kcal/g, protein provides 4 kcal/g, and fat
provides 9 kcal/g. Therefore:
30 g carbohydrate 4 kcal/g = 120 kcal
3 g protein 4 kcal/g = 12 kcal
1 g fat 9 kcal/g = 9 kcal
= 141 total kcal (120 kcal + 12 kcal + 9 kcal)
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
9. The number of kilocalories from fat in a sandwich that contains 22 g fat is kcal.
a. 88
b. 132
c. 154
d. 198
ANS: D
Fat provides 9 kcal/g. Thus, 22 g fat 9 kcal/g = 198 kcal.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
10. The number of kilocalories from protein in a sandwich that contains 15 g protein is
kcal.
a. 45
b. 60
c. 75
d. 135
ANS: B
Protein provides 4 kcal/g. Thus, 15 g protein 4 kcal/g = 60 kcal.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
11. The basic building units of protein are called acids.
a. fatty
b. amino
c. nucleic
d. carboxyl
ANS: B
