APEA MANAGEMENT PEDIATRICS
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS | LATEST
VERSION 2025/2026.
The chest circumference of a 12 month-old is:
routinely measured on well-child visits.
1-2 cm larger than head circumference.
smaller than head circumference.
equal to head circumference.- - ANS equal to head circumference.
An otherwise healthy two-year-old presents with a heart rate that varies with inspiration and
expiration. Which statement is true?
The child has ingested too much caffeine.
A cardiology referral is prudent.
This is a normal exam.
There is a need for an echocardiogram. - ANS this is a normal exam.
At what age should initial blood pressure screening take place?
3 years
4-6 years
6 years
1 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
,6-10 years - ANS 3 years
Many factors can contribute to the risk of congenital heart disease. Which maternal disease
carries a higher risk of transposition of the great vessels (TGA), ventricular septal defect (VSD),
and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Hypothyroidism
Diabetes
Lupus
Hypertension - ANS Diabetes
A 2-year-old has a sudden onset of high fever while at daycare. The daycare attendant
describes a seizure in the child. The child is brought to the clinic; neurologically he appears
normal. His body temperature is 99.9° F after receiving ibuprofen. He is diagnosed with otitis
media. How should the nurse practitioner manage this?
Assess the child and refer to the ER
Treat the otitis media and give education about fever management
Start the child on seizure precautions
Have him admitted to the hospital for observation - ANS Treat the otitis media and give
education about fever management
According to the Tanner stages of development (Sexual Maturity Rating), breast development
in Stage 3 in females includes the:
elevation of the breast and nipple.
enlargement and elevation of breast and areola with no separation of their contours.
projection of areola and nipple to form a secondary mound above the level of the breast.
projection of the nipple only. - ANS enlargement and elevation of breast and areola with no
separation of their contours.
A 6-year-old patient with sore throat has coryza, hoarseness, and diarrhea. What is the likely
etiology?
2 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
,Group A Streptococcus
H. parainfluenzae
Viral etiology
Mycoplasma - ANS viral etiology
Pharmacologic treatment for children who have hypertension should be initiated for:
those who are obese.
Stage 1 hypertension.
diabetics with hypertension.
asymptomatic Stage 1 or Stage 2 hypertension. - ANS diabetics with hypertension
A 4-month-old is suspected of having developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). What test
would best assess for this?
Barlow and Ortolani
Galeazzi and Klisic
Trendelenburg pelvic tilt test
Romberg balance test - ANS Galeazzi and Klisic
Barlow and Ortolani are exam techniques used to asses hip stability in newborns and infants 2
months of age and younger
An 8-year-old has a painful limp. He reports that his knee hurts medially. On exam he has pain
with internal rotation of the hip. How should the NP manage this situation?
He should be immediately referred to orthopedics.
The NP should order a hip X-ray, CBC and ESR.
The NP should order a hip and knee X-ray.
He should be referred for synovial fluid aspiration. - ANS The NP should order a hip X-ray,
CBC and ESR.
3 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, Differential diagnoses include Legg-Calves Perthes, transient synovitis of the hip, slipped capital
femoral epiphysis, septic hip
A 4-year-old has been diagnosed with measles. The nurse practitioner identifies Koplik's spots.
These are:
spots on the skin that are pathognomonic for measles.
red rings found on the tongue that have a white granular area inside the ring.
found on the inside of the cheek and are granular.
blanchable areas on the trunk and extremities. - ANS found on the inside of the cheek and
are granular.
Most hypertension in preadolescents and children is:
obesity-related.
primary hypertension.
secondary hypertension.
endocrine-related. - ANS secondary hypertension
A young child has an audible murmur. The nurse practitioner describes it as a grade 4 murmur.
How should this be managed?
The child should be monitored for other abnormal findings.
The child should be referred to cardiology.
An EKG should be performed.
The nurse practitioner should palpate to see if a thrill is present. - ANS The child should be
referred to cardiology.
An 18-month-old child is diagnosed with bronchiolitis. His respiratory rate is 28 breaths per
minute. Which choice below is most appropriate for patient management?
Antipyretics
4 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS | LATEST
VERSION 2025/2026.
The chest circumference of a 12 month-old is:
routinely measured on well-child visits.
1-2 cm larger than head circumference.
smaller than head circumference.
equal to head circumference.- - ANS equal to head circumference.
An otherwise healthy two-year-old presents with a heart rate that varies with inspiration and
expiration. Which statement is true?
The child has ingested too much caffeine.
A cardiology referral is prudent.
This is a normal exam.
There is a need for an echocardiogram. - ANS this is a normal exam.
At what age should initial blood pressure screening take place?
3 years
4-6 years
6 years
1 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
,6-10 years - ANS 3 years
Many factors can contribute to the risk of congenital heart disease. Which maternal disease
carries a higher risk of transposition of the great vessels (TGA), ventricular septal defect (VSD),
and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Hypothyroidism
Diabetes
Lupus
Hypertension - ANS Diabetes
A 2-year-old has a sudden onset of high fever while at daycare. The daycare attendant
describes a seizure in the child. The child is brought to the clinic; neurologically he appears
normal. His body temperature is 99.9° F after receiving ibuprofen. He is diagnosed with otitis
media. How should the nurse practitioner manage this?
Assess the child and refer to the ER
Treat the otitis media and give education about fever management
Start the child on seizure precautions
Have him admitted to the hospital for observation - ANS Treat the otitis media and give
education about fever management
According to the Tanner stages of development (Sexual Maturity Rating), breast development
in Stage 3 in females includes the:
elevation of the breast and nipple.
enlargement and elevation of breast and areola with no separation of their contours.
projection of areola and nipple to form a secondary mound above the level of the breast.
projection of the nipple only. - ANS enlargement and elevation of breast and areola with no
separation of their contours.
A 6-year-old patient with sore throat has coryza, hoarseness, and diarrhea. What is the likely
etiology?
2 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
,Group A Streptococcus
H. parainfluenzae
Viral etiology
Mycoplasma - ANS viral etiology
Pharmacologic treatment for children who have hypertension should be initiated for:
those who are obese.
Stage 1 hypertension.
diabetics with hypertension.
asymptomatic Stage 1 or Stage 2 hypertension. - ANS diabetics with hypertension
A 4-month-old is suspected of having developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). What test
would best assess for this?
Barlow and Ortolani
Galeazzi and Klisic
Trendelenburg pelvic tilt test
Romberg balance test - ANS Galeazzi and Klisic
Barlow and Ortolani are exam techniques used to asses hip stability in newborns and infants 2
months of age and younger
An 8-year-old has a painful limp. He reports that his knee hurts medially. On exam he has pain
with internal rotation of the hip. How should the NP manage this situation?
He should be immediately referred to orthopedics.
The NP should order a hip X-ray, CBC and ESR.
The NP should order a hip and knee X-ray.
He should be referred for synovial fluid aspiration. - ANS The NP should order a hip X-ray,
CBC and ESR.
3 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, Differential diagnoses include Legg-Calves Perthes, transient synovitis of the hip, slipped capital
femoral epiphysis, septic hip
A 4-year-old has been diagnosed with measles. The nurse practitioner identifies Koplik's spots.
These are:
spots on the skin that are pathognomonic for measles.
red rings found on the tongue that have a white granular area inside the ring.
found on the inside of the cheek and are granular.
blanchable areas on the trunk and extremities. - ANS found on the inside of the cheek and
are granular.
Most hypertension in preadolescents and children is:
obesity-related.
primary hypertension.
secondary hypertension.
endocrine-related. - ANS secondary hypertension
A young child has an audible murmur. The nurse practitioner describes it as a grade 4 murmur.
How should this be managed?
The child should be monitored for other abnormal findings.
The child should be referred to cardiology.
An EKG should be performed.
The nurse practitioner should palpate to see if a thrill is present. - ANS The child should be
referred to cardiology.
An 18-month-old child is diagnosed with bronchiolitis. His respiratory rate is 28 breaths per
minute. Which choice below is most appropriate for patient management?
Antipyretics
4 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
