Psychotherapy and Counseling
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
What is the term used for treatments that are manualized and shown to be
superior to a placebo or other treatments?
Empirically supported treatments.
Which theorists claimed that their form of therapy can be used to predict and
control human behavior?
Sigmund Freud and B. F. Skinner.
Who argued that any form of psychotherapy constitutes an oppressive
process due to the power imbalance?
Jeffrey Masson.
What is one of the best ways to develop a positive working relationship in
therapy?
Having a reasonable theory and using it faithfully.
What does the statement about being a 'vulnerable, directionless creature'
suggest about theories in therapy?
Theories provide a clear model or foundation from which therapists can work.
Why is there an emphasis on establishing empirical support for psychological
treatments?
To compete for health care dollars.
Which dimension is NOT part of a good ethical code for the counseling
profession?
Flexible.
What does the comment 'In psychology, even the rats are white and male' refer
to?
Most psychological theories were developed by white men of European descent, and
much of the research historically focused on whites and males.
What did early treatments for human distress and disturbance consist of?
, A combination of medical-biological, spiritual, and psychosocial procedures.
Which perspective emphasizes relationship and community over individuality?
Feminist-multicultural perspective
Name a practice associated with the biomedical perspective.
Trephining and lobotomies
What did trephining involve?
Cutting a hole in the skull to release evil spirits.
Who referred to psychotherapy as 'the talking cure'?
Anna O.
What is the purpose of theories?
To explain phenomena, involve gathering and organizing knowledge, and help
scientists make predictions.
What do Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Acceptance and Commitment
Therapy (ACT) utilize to facilitate emotional regulation?
Buddhist mindfulness
According to Corsini and Wedding, how do counseling and psychotherapy
relate?
There is nothing that a psychotherapist does that a counselor does not do; they differ
only quantitatively.
What is the general consensus on the effectiveness of therapy?
Most researchers believe therapy is effective, but there are some critics.
Which researcher claimed that therapy produced no benefits, leading to an
increase in outcome studies?
Hans Eysenck
According to Lambert, what percentage of therapeutic change do common
therapeutic factors such as expectancy account for?
Approximately 15%
How do efficacy and effectiveness research differ?
Efficacy research involves tightly controlled experimental trials with high internal
validity, whereas effectiveness research produces results that are generalizable to
real-life situations.
What is the primary focus of efficacy research?
Tightly controlled experimental trials with high internal validity
What is the primary focus of effectiveness research?
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
What is the term used for treatments that are manualized and shown to be
superior to a placebo or other treatments?
Empirically supported treatments.
Which theorists claimed that their form of therapy can be used to predict and
control human behavior?
Sigmund Freud and B. F. Skinner.
Who argued that any form of psychotherapy constitutes an oppressive
process due to the power imbalance?
Jeffrey Masson.
What is one of the best ways to develop a positive working relationship in
therapy?
Having a reasonable theory and using it faithfully.
What does the statement about being a 'vulnerable, directionless creature'
suggest about theories in therapy?
Theories provide a clear model or foundation from which therapists can work.
Why is there an emphasis on establishing empirical support for psychological
treatments?
To compete for health care dollars.
Which dimension is NOT part of a good ethical code for the counseling
profession?
Flexible.
What does the comment 'In psychology, even the rats are white and male' refer
to?
Most psychological theories were developed by white men of European descent, and
much of the research historically focused on whites and males.
What did early treatments for human distress and disturbance consist of?
, A combination of medical-biological, spiritual, and psychosocial procedures.
Which perspective emphasizes relationship and community over individuality?
Feminist-multicultural perspective
Name a practice associated with the biomedical perspective.
Trephining and lobotomies
What did trephining involve?
Cutting a hole in the skull to release evil spirits.
Who referred to psychotherapy as 'the talking cure'?
Anna O.
What is the purpose of theories?
To explain phenomena, involve gathering and organizing knowledge, and help
scientists make predictions.
What do Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Acceptance and Commitment
Therapy (ACT) utilize to facilitate emotional regulation?
Buddhist mindfulness
According to Corsini and Wedding, how do counseling and psychotherapy
relate?
There is nothing that a psychotherapist does that a counselor does not do; they differ
only quantitatively.
What is the general consensus on the effectiveness of therapy?
Most researchers believe therapy is effective, but there are some critics.
Which researcher claimed that therapy produced no benefits, leading to an
increase in outcome studies?
Hans Eysenck
According to Lambert, what percentage of therapeutic change do common
therapeutic factors such as expectancy account for?
Approximately 15%
How do efficacy and effectiveness research differ?
Efficacy research involves tightly controlled experimental trials with high internal
validity, whereas effectiveness research produces results that are generalizable to
real-life situations.
What is the primary focus of efficacy research?
Tightly controlled experimental trials with high internal validity
What is the primary focus of effectiveness research?
