1. Hypokalemia and lasix Ans If patient is Hypokalemic, report to RN before giving Lasix
2. Hypervolemia Causes Ans CKD, liver disease, cirrhosis, CHF, increased salt intake,
COPD
3. Hypervolemia Signs and symptoms Ans Headache, Confusion, Nausea, Vomiting,
Coma
4. Hypovolemia Causes Ans Vomiting, DM, fever, heat exposure, exercise, no water
access, significant injury to skin
5. Moat accurate assessment of water balance Ans daily weights in similar clothing,
same scale, same time- plus or minus 2 lbs per day, plus or minus 5 lbs a week
6. Potassium (K+) Ans 3.5-5
7. Hyperkalemia causes Ans AKD, CKD, severe injuries, supplementation
8. Hyperkalemia signs and symptoms Ans muscle fatigue, weakness, arrhythmia,
irritability, Nausea, death
.
, NUR 160 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE
9. Hypokalemia causes Ans diuretics. Diarrhea, excessive sweating, laxatives,
ketoacidosis, alcohol abuse
10. Hypokalemia signs and symptoms Ans muscle cramps, abdominal distention,
constipation, arrhythmia
11. Renal Pt Diet Ans low potassium-no potatoes, oranges, bananas, leafy green
veggies, apples, avocados
12. Sodium (Na+) Ans 135-145
13. Hypernatremia Causes Ans too much salt, rapid infusion of saline, antacids,
increased dairy consumption
14. Hypernatremia signs and symptoms Ans decreased urinary output, firm rubbery
tissue turgor, restlessness, agitation, confusion, flushed skin
15. Hyponatremia Causes Ans Diarrhea, gastric suctioning, sweating, Vomiting, low
sodium intake, burns, edema/ascites, small bowel obstruction
.