JB Practice Test Bank OB &
PediatricsEXAM GRADED A+ Pass
100% Solved Questions And All
Correct Answers 2025-2026 New
Update VERIFIED
A 1-year-old child presents with a decreased level of alertness, bradypnea,
cyanosis, and a heart rate of 50 beats/min. You should:
A) start chest compressions.
B) ventilate with a bag-valve-mask device.
C) start an IV and give epinephrine.
D) assess the child's cardiac rhythm.
B) ventilate with a bag-valve-mask device.
Feedback :
The child is in cardiopulmonary failure, as noted by his decreased level of alertness,
bradypnea (slow respirations), cyanosis, and bradycardia. You must immediately
restore adequate oxygenation and ventilation with a bag-valve-mask device.
Bradycardia in children is usually due to hypoxia. If not treated, respiratory arrest,
followed by cardiac arrest, will occur. Bradycardia in children requires aggressive
treatment if the heart rate is less than 60 beats/min with signs of poor perfusion (eg,
cyanosis, decreased mentation, poor muscle tone). Cardiac monitoring is indicated;
however, your initial priority is oxygenation and ventilation. If the child's heart rate
remains below 60 beats/min despite adequate ventilation, begin chest compressions
and establish vascular access (IV or IO). Give epinephrine if bradycardia and poor
perfusion persist despite ventilations and chest compressions; the dose is 0.01
,mg/kg (0.1 mL/kg) 1:10,000 IV or IO. Do not give epinephrine to a bradycardic child
before establishing adequate ventilation and oxygenation!
You are assessing an injured 4-year-old child and suspect that his injury was
intentionally inflicted. Which of the following findings should increase your
suspicion of this?
A) The child clings to the parent during your assessment.
B) The child cries uncontrollably during your assessment.
C) The injury occurred several hours before EMS was called.
D) You encounter multiple old bruises to both of the tibias.
C) The injury occurred several hours before EMS was called.
Feedback :
Your index of suspicion for child abuse should increase when there is an
unreasonable delay in seeking care for the child; several hours is clearly an
unreasonable delay. When a child is injured, a prudent parent summons help
immediately. You should also be alert to the possibility of abuse if the child is
withdrawn or avoids contact with his or her caregiver(s), if there are inconsistencies
between caregivers regarding how the injury occurred, or if the mechanism of injury
is beyond the developmental abilities of the child. Bruises to the tibias are a common
injury pattern in small children, usually from bumping into furniture. Hematomas to
the forehead and lacerations to the chin are also common injury patterns.
Remember, you do not need proof that abuse occurred before you report your
findings, only reasonable suspicion.
You are dispatched for a 7-year-old, 20-kg child who is ill. He is conscious and
alert, and tells you that he is dizzy. He denies pain, shortness of breath, or any
other symptoms. His breath sounds are clear and equal bilaterally, and his
skin is pink, warm, and dry. The cardiac monitor reveals a regular narrow-
complex tachycardia at a rate of 200 beats/min. His BP is 100/58 mm Hg and
his respirations are 20 breaths/min. You ask him to bear down, but this has
little effect on his heart rate. You should:
A) establish IV access and give 2 mg of adenosine.
B) establish IV access and give a 500 mL fluid bolus.
,C) perform synchronized cardioversion with 20 joules.
D) establish IV access and give 150 mg of amiodarone.
A) establish IV access and give 2 mg of adenosine.
Feedback :
The child in this scenario is hemodynamically stable, with what is likely a reentry
supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). If vagal maneuvers are unsuccessful at slowing
his heart rate or terminating the tachycardia, administer adenosine (0.1 mg/kg), with
a maximum first dose of 6 mg. For a 20-kg child, the correct initial dose would be 2
mg. If the first dose of adenosine is unsuccessful, give a second dose at 0.2 mg/kg
(maximum of 12 mg). If his clinical status deteriorates, perform synchronized
cardioversion at 0.5 to 1 j/kg. His BP is consistent with his age and there are no
signs of hypovolemia; therefore, a fluid bolus is not indicated. In some cases,
amiodarone may be given for refractory SVT; however, this is highly dependent on
your transport time and local protocols. The correct dose of amiodarone for a child is
5 mg/kg (100 mg for a 20-kg child).
A febrile seizure would MOST likely occur in a child:
A) who is less than 8 years of age.
B) with a fever that acutely spikes.
C) with nuchal rigidity and a headache.
D) with a temperature greater than 101° F.
B) with a fever that acutely spikes.
Feedback :
Febrile seizures are caused by fever and fever alone. They occur when a child's
body temperature acutely rises; the child may be afebrile or may already have a
fever. Either way, it's not how high the child's temperature rises, it's how quickly it
rises. Febrile seizures can occur in children between 6 months and 6 years of age,
with the greatest incidence occurring in children between the ages of 6 months and 3
years. The presence of neck pain or stiffness (nuchal rigidity) and/or a headache
indicates meningitis. Fever and seizures commonly occur in children with meningitis;
however, the seizure is caused by increased intracranial pressure rather than the
fever. Remember, febrile seizures and seizures with a fever are NOT the same thing.
, Which of the following is an obvious clinical indicator of decompensated
shock in an infant?
A) Weak brachial pulses
B) Delayed capillary refill
C) Tachycardia and tachypnea
D) Decreased peripheral perfusion
A) Weak brachial pulses
Feedback :
When assessing an infant with signs of shock, you must be able to determine if the
infant's compensatory mechanisms are maintaining adequate perfusion to the core
of the body (compensated shock) or if the compensatory mechanisms have failed
(decompensated [hypotensive] shock). An infant or child in compensated shock will
have signs of decreased peripheral perfusion (ie, delayed [> 2 seconds] capillary
refill time, pallor), which is due to peripheral vasoconstriction and shunting of blood
to the vital organs. Signs of nervous system compensation (ie, tachycardia,
tachypnea) will also be present. However, the blood pressure of an infant or child
with compensated shock will be maintained and core perfusion will remain adequate.
In decompensated (hypotensive) shock, the infant or child's compensatory
mechanisms have failed, resulting in hypotension and inadequate core perfusion.
Weak central pulses (brachial pulse in infants; carotid or femoral pulse in older
children) indicate physiologic decompensation and hypotension.
A woman who is 38 weeks pregnant is in active labor. She tells you that this is
her third pregnancy. Which of the following terms BEST describes her
obstetric history?
A) Primigravida
B) Multiparous
C) Nulligravida
D) Multigravida
D) Multigravida
Feedback :
PediatricsEXAM GRADED A+ Pass
100% Solved Questions And All
Correct Answers 2025-2026 New
Update VERIFIED
A 1-year-old child presents with a decreased level of alertness, bradypnea,
cyanosis, and a heart rate of 50 beats/min. You should:
A) start chest compressions.
B) ventilate with a bag-valve-mask device.
C) start an IV and give epinephrine.
D) assess the child's cardiac rhythm.
B) ventilate with a bag-valve-mask device.
Feedback :
The child is in cardiopulmonary failure, as noted by his decreased level of alertness,
bradypnea (slow respirations), cyanosis, and bradycardia. You must immediately
restore adequate oxygenation and ventilation with a bag-valve-mask device.
Bradycardia in children is usually due to hypoxia. If not treated, respiratory arrest,
followed by cardiac arrest, will occur. Bradycardia in children requires aggressive
treatment if the heart rate is less than 60 beats/min with signs of poor perfusion (eg,
cyanosis, decreased mentation, poor muscle tone). Cardiac monitoring is indicated;
however, your initial priority is oxygenation and ventilation. If the child's heart rate
remains below 60 beats/min despite adequate ventilation, begin chest compressions
and establish vascular access (IV or IO). Give epinephrine if bradycardia and poor
perfusion persist despite ventilations and chest compressions; the dose is 0.01
,mg/kg (0.1 mL/kg) 1:10,000 IV or IO. Do not give epinephrine to a bradycardic child
before establishing adequate ventilation and oxygenation!
You are assessing an injured 4-year-old child and suspect that his injury was
intentionally inflicted. Which of the following findings should increase your
suspicion of this?
A) The child clings to the parent during your assessment.
B) The child cries uncontrollably during your assessment.
C) The injury occurred several hours before EMS was called.
D) You encounter multiple old bruises to both of the tibias.
C) The injury occurred several hours before EMS was called.
Feedback :
Your index of suspicion for child abuse should increase when there is an
unreasonable delay in seeking care for the child; several hours is clearly an
unreasonable delay. When a child is injured, a prudent parent summons help
immediately. You should also be alert to the possibility of abuse if the child is
withdrawn or avoids contact with his or her caregiver(s), if there are inconsistencies
between caregivers regarding how the injury occurred, or if the mechanism of injury
is beyond the developmental abilities of the child. Bruises to the tibias are a common
injury pattern in small children, usually from bumping into furniture. Hematomas to
the forehead and lacerations to the chin are also common injury patterns.
Remember, you do not need proof that abuse occurred before you report your
findings, only reasonable suspicion.
You are dispatched for a 7-year-old, 20-kg child who is ill. He is conscious and
alert, and tells you that he is dizzy. He denies pain, shortness of breath, or any
other symptoms. His breath sounds are clear and equal bilaterally, and his
skin is pink, warm, and dry. The cardiac monitor reveals a regular narrow-
complex tachycardia at a rate of 200 beats/min. His BP is 100/58 mm Hg and
his respirations are 20 breaths/min. You ask him to bear down, but this has
little effect on his heart rate. You should:
A) establish IV access and give 2 mg of adenosine.
B) establish IV access and give a 500 mL fluid bolus.
,C) perform synchronized cardioversion with 20 joules.
D) establish IV access and give 150 mg of amiodarone.
A) establish IV access and give 2 mg of adenosine.
Feedback :
The child in this scenario is hemodynamically stable, with what is likely a reentry
supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). If vagal maneuvers are unsuccessful at slowing
his heart rate or terminating the tachycardia, administer adenosine (0.1 mg/kg), with
a maximum first dose of 6 mg. For a 20-kg child, the correct initial dose would be 2
mg. If the first dose of adenosine is unsuccessful, give a second dose at 0.2 mg/kg
(maximum of 12 mg). If his clinical status deteriorates, perform synchronized
cardioversion at 0.5 to 1 j/kg. His BP is consistent with his age and there are no
signs of hypovolemia; therefore, a fluid bolus is not indicated. In some cases,
amiodarone may be given for refractory SVT; however, this is highly dependent on
your transport time and local protocols. The correct dose of amiodarone for a child is
5 mg/kg (100 mg for a 20-kg child).
A febrile seizure would MOST likely occur in a child:
A) who is less than 8 years of age.
B) with a fever that acutely spikes.
C) with nuchal rigidity and a headache.
D) with a temperature greater than 101° F.
B) with a fever that acutely spikes.
Feedback :
Febrile seizures are caused by fever and fever alone. They occur when a child's
body temperature acutely rises; the child may be afebrile or may already have a
fever. Either way, it's not how high the child's temperature rises, it's how quickly it
rises. Febrile seizures can occur in children between 6 months and 6 years of age,
with the greatest incidence occurring in children between the ages of 6 months and 3
years. The presence of neck pain or stiffness (nuchal rigidity) and/or a headache
indicates meningitis. Fever and seizures commonly occur in children with meningitis;
however, the seizure is caused by increased intracranial pressure rather than the
fever. Remember, febrile seizures and seizures with a fever are NOT the same thing.
, Which of the following is an obvious clinical indicator of decompensated
shock in an infant?
A) Weak brachial pulses
B) Delayed capillary refill
C) Tachycardia and tachypnea
D) Decreased peripheral perfusion
A) Weak brachial pulses
Feedback :
When assessing an infant with signs of shock, you must be able to determine if the
infant's compensatory mechanisms are maintaining adequate perfusion to the core
of the body (compensated shock) or if the compensatory mechanisms have failed
(decompensated [hypotensive] shock). An infant or child in compensated shock will
have signs of decreased peripheral perfusion (ie, delayed [> 2 seconds] capillary
refill time, pallor), which is due to peripheral vasoconstriction and shunting of blood
to the vital organs. Signs of nervous system compensation (ie, tachycardia,
tachypnea) will also be present. However, the blood pressure of an infant or child
with compensated shock will be maintained and core perfusion will remain adequate.
In decompensated (hypotensive) shock, the infant or child's compensatory
mechanisms have failed, resulting in hypotension and inadequate core perfusion.
Weak central pulses (brachial pulse in infants; carotid or femoral pulse in older
children) indicate physiologic decompensation and hypotension.
A woman who is 38 weeks pregnant is in active labor. She tells you that this is
her third pregnancy. Which of the following terms BEST describes her
obstetric history?
A) Primigravida
B) Multiparous
C) Nulligravida
D) Multigravida
D) Multigravida
Feedback :
